1. Incamake
Uburyo bwo kuburira abantu ku biza by’umwuzure mu misozi ni uburyo bw’ingenzi butari ubwa tekiniki bwo gukumira ibiza by’umwuzure mu misozi.
Hakurikijwe ahanini ibintu bitatu byo gukurikirana, gutanga umuburo hakiri kare no kwita ku bibazo, sisitemu yo gukurikirana amazi n'imvura ihuza gukusanya amakuru, kuyakwirakwiza no kuyasesengura ihuzwa n'uburyo bwo gutanga umuburo hakiri kare no kwita ku bibazo. Hakurikijwe urwego rw'ibibazo by'ububuro hakiri kare n'aho umugezi wo mu misozi ushobora kwangirika, hitamo uburyo n'uburyo bwo gutanga umuburo hakiri kare kugira ngo ushyire amakuru y'ububuro ku gihe kandi neza, ushyire mu bikorwa amabwiriza ya siyansi, gufata ibyemezo, kohereza no gutabara no gufasha ibiza, kugira ngo ahantu habaye ibiza hashobore gufatwa ingamba zo kwirinda ku gihe hakurikijwe gahunda yo gukumira ibiza by'umwuzure kugira ngo hagabanuke ingaruka mbi n'ibyangiritse ku mitungo.
2. Igishushanyo rusange cya Sisitemu
Sisitemu yo kuburira ibiza ku misozi yakozwe na sosiyete ishingiye ahanini ku ikoranabuhanga ry’amakuru ajyanye n’imiterere y’ubutaka kugira ngo ikurikirane imiterere y’amazi y’imvura n’ubuhamya ku miterere y’amazi y’imvura. Gukurikirana amazi y’imvura birimo sisitemu nto nka sisitemu zo kugenzura amazi n’imvura, kohereza amakuru no gukusanya amakuru mu buryo nyabwo; kuburira amazi y’imvura birimo iperereza ry’ibanze ku makuru, serivisi y’igihugu yo mu cyaro, serivisi yo gusesengura amazi y’imvura, iteganyagihe ry’amazi, gutanga amakuru hakiri kare, gutabara mu gihe cy’impanuka no gucunga sisitemu, nibindi. Sisitemu nto irimo kandi itsinda rikurikirana rishinzwe kurwanya imiryango n’ubuvugizi kugira ngo rihe uruhare rusesuye ku buryo bwo kuburira ibiza ku misozi.
3. Gukurikirana imvura y'amazi
Uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi y'imvura bugizwe n'ahantu ho kugenzura imvura hakozwe mu buryo bw'ubukorano, ahantu ho kugenzura imvura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa "integrated", aho kugenzura imvura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa "automatic quantity" na sitasiyo yo mu mujyi/umujyi; uburyo bwo kugenzura imvura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa "automatic quantity" n'uburyo bwo kugenzura imvura hifashishijwe intoki kugira ngo hakorwe neza ahantu ho kugenzura imvura. Ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kugenzura ni "gauge" yoroheje y'imvura, "tipping backet", "water gauge" n'uburyo bwo kugenzura imvura hifashishijwe uburyo bwa "floating". Ubu buryo bushobora gukoresha uburyo bwo gutumanaho buri ku ishusho ikurikira:
4. Uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kuburira hakiri kare ku rwego rw'Akarere
Urubuga rwo gukurikirana no kuburira hakiri kare ni ingenzi mu gutunganya amakuru no gutanga serivisi zo gukurikirana ibiza byo mu misozi no kuburira hakiri kare. Rugizwe ahanini n'umuyoboro wa mudasobwa, ububiko bw'amakuru n'uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu. Imirimo y'ingenzi irimo uburyo bwo gukusanya amakuru mu buryo bufatika, uburyo bwo kubaza amakuru y'ibanze, uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi z'ikirere, n'uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi z'amazi y'imvura, uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi zo gutanga amakuru hakiri kare, n'ibindi.
(1) Sisitemu yo gukusanya amakuru mu gihe nyacyo
Gukusanya amakuru mu buryo nyabwo byuzuzwa ahanini n'ububiko bw'amakuru n'ububiko bw'amakuru bwo hagati. Binyuze mu gukusanya amakuru no guhinduranya amakuru, amakuru akurikiranwa kuri buri busitani bw'imvura n'ubuso bw'amazi ashyirwa mu buryo nyabwo ku buryo bwo kuburira abantu ku biza byatewe n'imyuzure yo mu misozi.
(2) Sisitemu nto y'ibanze y'ibibazo by'amakuru
Hashingiwe kuri sisitemu ya 3D geographic kugira ngo habeho ikibazo no kugarura amakuru y'ibanze, ikibazo cy'amakuru gishobora guhuzwa n'ubutaka bw'imisozi kugira ngo ibisubizo by'ikibazo birusheho kuba byoroshye kandi by'ukuri, kandi bitange urubuga rugaragara, rukora neza kandi rwihuse rwo gufata ibyemezo by'abayobozi. Bikubiyemo ahanini amakuru y'ibanze y'akarere k'ubuyobozi, amakuru y'ikigo kibishinzwe cyo gukumira imyuzure, amakuru y'ingamba zo gukumira imyuzure, imiterere y'ibanze y'ikigo gikurikirana, amakuru y'imiterere y'akazi, amakuru y'aho akazi kari, amakuru y'aho amazi ari, n'amakuru y'ibiza.
(3) Sisitemu ntoya ya serivisi z'ubutaka mu by'ikirere
Amakuru yerekeye imiterere y'ikirere akubiyemo ahanini ikarita y'ikirere y'ibicu, ikarita ya radar, iteganyagihe ry'akarere (akarere), iteganyagihe ry'igihugu, ikarita y'imiterere y'imisozi, isuri n'imyanda n'andi makuru.
(4) Sisitemu ntoya ya serivisi z'amazi y'imvura
Serivisi y'amazi y'imvura igizwe ahanini n'ibice byinshi nko imvura, amazi y'imigezi n'amazi y'ikiyaga. Serivisi y'imvura ishobora gukora ikibazo cy'imvura mu buryo nyabwo, ikibazo cy'imvura mu mateka, isesengura ry'imvura, igishushanyo cy'umurongo w'imvura, kubara imvura iteranye, n'ibindi. Serivisi y'amazi y'umugezi ikubiyemo ahanini imiterere y'amazi mu ruzi mu buryo nyabwo, ikibazo cy'amateka y'amazi mu ruzi, igishushanyo cy'ikarita y'imiterere y'amazi mu ruzi, urugero rw'amazi. Imiterere y'amazi mu kiyaga iragaragazwa; imiterere y'amazi mu kiyaga ikubiyemo ahanini ikibazo cy'imiterere y'amazi mu kigega, igishushanyo cy'impinduka mu rwego rw'amazi mu kigega, umurongo w'inzira yo kubika amazi mu kigega, imiterere y'amazi mu buryo nyabwo n'igereranya ry'imiterere y'amazi mu mateka, n'umurongo w'ubushobozi bwo kubika.
(5) Serivisi zo guhanura imiterere y'amazi
Sisitemu ifite uburyo bwo guteganya ibisubizo by’imyuzure, kandi ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kwerekana uko imyuzure izabaho mu gihe cy’impinduka, kandi igatanga serivisi nko kubaza ibibazo ku mbonerahamwe no gutanga ibisubizo.
(6) Sisitemu nto ya serivisi yo gutanga umuburo hakiri kare
Iyo urugero rw'imvura cyangwa amazi rutangwa n'urwego rw'ubuhanuzi rw'amazi rugeze ku rugero rw'ubuhanuzi rwashyizweho na sisitemu, sisitemu izinjira mu buryo bwikora mu buryo bw'ubuhanuzi bw'ibanze. Urwo rwego rubanza gutanga ubuhanuzi bw'imbere ku bashinzwe kurwanya imyuzure, n'ubuhanuzi bw'ibanze ku baturage binyuze mu isesengura ry'intoki.
(7) Sisitemu ntoya y'ubutabazi bw'ibanze
Nyuma y’uko serivisi yo gutanga umuburo hakiri kare itanze umuburo ku mugaragaro, serivisi yo gutanga umuburo ku bw’impanuka ihita itangira. Iyi serivisi izaha abafata ibyemezo uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibiza mu misozi burambuye kandi bwuzuye.
Mu gihe habaye ibiza, sisitemu izatanga ikarita irambuye y'aho ibiza biherereye n'inzira zitandukanye zo guhungiramo kandi itange serivisi ijyanye n'urutonde rw'ibibazo. Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ikibazo cy'umutekano w'ubuzima n'umutungo byazanywe n'imyuzure, sisitemu itanga kandi ingamba zitandukanye zo gutabara, ingamba zo kwitabara n'izindi gahunda, kandi itanga serivisi zo gutanga ibitekerezo ku ngaruka z'iyi gahunda mu gihe nyacyo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2023