1. Incamake
Sisitemu yo gukumira ibiza by’imisozi ni ingamba zingenzi zidafite ubwubatsi bugamije gukumira ibiza.
Ahanini hafi yibice bitatu byo gukurikirana, kuburira hakiri kare no gusubiza, sisitemu yo gukurikirana amazi nimvura ihuza ikusanyamakuru, ihererekanyabubasha hamwe nisesengura bihujwe na sisitemu yo kuburira no gusubiza hakiri kare.Ukurikije urugero rwibibazo byamakuru yo kuburira hakiri kare hamwe n’ahantu hashobora kwangirika kw’umugezi w’imisozi, hitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kuburira hakiri kare nuburyo bwo kumenya kohereza amakuru ku gihe kandi neza, gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza ya siyansi, gufata ibyemezo, kohereza, na gutabara no gutabara ibiza, kugirango uduce tw’ibiza dushobore gufata ingamba zo gukumira mu gihe gikurikije gahunda yo gukumira ibiza by’umwuzure hagamijwe kugabanya abapfuye n’umutungo.
2. Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu
Sisitemu yo gukumira ibiza by’imisozi yateguwe n’uru ruganda ahanini ishingiye ku buhanga bw’ibice bitatu by’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y’imvura n’imvura.Igenzura ry’amazi yimvura ririmo sisitemu nkumuyoboro wogukurikirana amazi n’imvura, guhererekanya amakuru no gukusanya amakuru nyayo;kuburira amazi yimvura bikubiyemo iperereza ryibanze ryamakuru, serivisi yigihugu ya rustic, serivisi ishinzwe gusesengura amazi yimvura, iteganyagihe ry’amazi, gutangaza hakiri kare, gutabara byihutirwa no gucunga sisitemu, nibindi. ku ruhare rwa sisitemu yo gukumira ibiza byo kumusozi.
3. Gukurikirana Imvura
Igenzura ry’amazi yimvura muri sisitemu rigizwe na sitasiyo yo kugenzura imvura yubukorikori, sitasiyo ikurikirana yimvura ihuriweho, sitasiyo yo kugenzura urwego rwimvura na sitasiyo yumujyi / umujyi;Sisitemu ifata ihuriro ryo kugenzura byikora no kugenzura intoki kugirango byorohereze gahunda yo gukurikirana.Ibikoresho nyamukuru byo kugenzura ni igipimo cyimvura cyoroshye, gupima indobo yimvura, igipimo cyamazi hamwe nubwoko bwamazi areremba.Sisitemu irashobora gukoresha uburyo bwitumanaho mumashusho akurikira:
4. Intara-Urwego rwo gukurikirana no Kuburira hakiri kare
Gahunda yo gukurikirana no kuburira hakiri kare niyo nkingi yo gutunganya amakuru no gutanga serivisi zo gukurikirana ibiza byo mu misozi hamwe na sisitemu yo kuburira hakiri kare.Igizwe ahanini numuyoboro wa mudasobwa, ububikoshingiro na sisitemu yo gusaba.Ibikorwa byingenzi birimo sisitemu yo gukusanya amakuru nyayo, sisitemu yamakuru yibanze yibibazo, sisitemu yubutaka bwubumenyi bwikirere, hamwe na serivise yimiterere yimvura yimvura, sisitemu yo gutanga amakuru hakiri kare, nibindi.
(1) Sisitemu yo gukusanya amakuru nyayo
Ikusanyamakuru-nyaryo ryuzuye ryuzuzwa cyane cyane no gukusanya amakuru no guhanahana ibikoresho hagati.Binyuze mu ikusanyamakuru no guhanahana ibikoresho hagati, amakuru yo gukurikirana buri sitasiyo yimvura na sitasiyo y’amazi bigerwaho mugihe nyacyo kuri sisitemu yo gukumira ibiza by’imisozi.
(2) Amakuru yibanze kubaza sisitemu
Ukurikije sisitemu ya 3D ya geografiya kugirango tumenye ikibazo no kugarura amakuru yibanze, ikibazo cyamakuru kirashobora guhuzwa nubutaka bwimisozi kugirango ibisubizo byibibazo birusheho kuba byiza kandi bifatika, kandi bitange urubuga rugaragara, rukora neza kandi rwihuse rwo gufata ibyemezo kuri ubuyobozi inzira yo gufata ibyemezo.Harimo cyane cyane amakuru yibanze yakarere k’ubuyobozi, amakuru y’umuryango ubishinzwe wo gukumira umwuzure, amakuru ya gahunda yo gukumira icyiciro cya mbere cy’imyuzure, imiterere y’ibanze ya sitasiyo ishinzwe gukurikirana, amakuru y’imiterere y’akazi, amakuru y’amazi mato mato , n'amakuru y'ibiza.
(3) Sisitemu yubutaka bwubumenyi bwikirere
Ubumenyi bw'ikirere bukubiyemo ahanini ikarita y'ibicu by'ikirere, ikarita ya radar, iteganyagihe ry'akarere (intara) iteganyagihe, iteganyagihe ry'igihugu, ikarita y’imiterere y’imisozi, inkangu n’imisozi n’andi makuru.
(4) Sisitemu y'amazi y'imvura
Serivisi ishinzwe amazi yimvura ikubiyemo ibice byinshi nkimvura, amazi yinzuzi, namazi yikiyaga.Serivise yimvura irashobora kumenya ikibazo cyimvura mugihe nyacyo, ikibazo cyimvura cyamateka, isesengura ryimvura, igishushanyo mbonera cyimvura, kubara imvura, nibindi. gutunganya ikarita gushushanya, urwego rwamazi.Imigenderanire yimigendekere irashushanya;ikibazo cyamazi yikiyaga gikubiyemo ahanini ikibazo cyibibazo byamazi yikigega, igishushanyo mbonera cy’imihindagurikire y’amazi y’ikigega, umurongo w’ibikorwa byo kubika ibigega, uburyo bw’amazi nyabwo hamwe n’igereranya ry’amateka y’amazi, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo kubika.
(5) Sisitemu y'amazi ateganijwe
Sisitemu ibika intera y'ibisubizo by’iteganyagihe, kandi ikoresha tekinoroji ya svisualisation kugirango yerekane inzira y'ubwihindurize y’imyuzure y’imyuzure, kandi itanga serivisi nkibishushanyo mbonera no gutanga ibisubizo.
(6) Sisitemu yo kuburira hakiri kare
Iyo imvura cyangwa urwego rwamazi rutangwa na sisitemu yo guteganya amazi igeze kurwego rwo kuburira rwashyizweho na sisitemu, sisitemu izahita yinjira mubikorwa byo kuburira hakiri kare.Sisitemu yambere itanga umuburo wimbere kubakozi bashinzwe kurwanya umwuzure, no kuburira hakiri kare abaturage binyuze mubisesengura ryintoki.
(7) Serivise yo gutabara byihutirwa
Nyuma yo kuburira hakiri kare serivise ya serivise itanga umuburo rusange, sisitemu yo gutabara byihutirwa ihita itangira.Iyi sisitemu izaha abafata ibyemezo ibisobanuro birambuye kandi byuzuye byimisozi miremire yo guhangana n’ibiza.
Mugihe habaye ibiza, sisitemu izatanga ikarita irambuye yerekana aho ibiza byabereye ninzira zitandukanye zo kwimuka kandi bitange serivisi ijyanye nurutonde.Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ikibazo cy’ubuzima n’umutekano w’umutungo wazanywe n’abaturage n’umwuzure w’amazi, sisitemu kandi itanga ingamba zitandukanye zo gutabara, ingamba zo kwikiza ndetse nizindi gahunda, ikanatanga serivisi zigihe cyo gutanga ibitekerezo kubikorwa byogushira mubikorwa izo gahunda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-10-2023