Ibikenewe mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi n'ibyiza by'ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya aho amazi anyura
Vietnam ifite imiyoboro minini y'imigezi n'inkombe nini, bikaba bifite imbogamizi nyinshi mu gucunga umutungo w'amazi. Sisitemu z'Uruzi Rutukura n'Uruzi rwa Mekong zitanga amazi yo kuhira ubuhinzi, umusaruro w'inganda, n'ubuzima bwa buri munsi mu gihe zirimo kwiyongera kw'imyanda ihumanya. Imibare ijyanye no kugenzura ibidukikije igaragaza ko ubwinshi bw'ibishanga mu migezi minini ya Vietnam bushobora kwikuba kabiri mu bihe by'imvura ugereranije n'ibihe by'izuba, bigatera imbogamizi zikomeye ku buryo gakondo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi.
Ikoranabuhanga rya sensor y'amazi yahindutse igisubizo cyiza ku bibazo byo gucunga ubuziranenge bw'amazi muri Vietnam bitewe n'ubushobozi bwaryo bwo kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo. Imashini zigezweho zikoresha amahame y'urumuri kugira ngo zibare agaciro k'amazi yavuye mu kirere zipima ubukana bw'urumuri ruturuka ku duce duto duto, bitanga inyungu eshatu z'ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga:
- Gupima neza cyane: Ishobora kugera kuri 0-4000 NTU/FNU mu bwinshi hamwe n'ubuziranenge bwa NTU bwa 0.001
- Igenzura rihoraho mu gihe nyacyo: Ritanga igisubizo cyo ku rwego rwa kabiri kugira ngo rimenye vuba ibibazo by’ubuziranenge bw’amazi
- Imiterere idakoreshwa cyane: Utwuma twisukura ubwacu dushobora gushyirwa mu miyoboro, bigagabanya igihombo cy'amakuru
Muri Vietnam, porogaramu zipima ikirere zirimo ibice bitatu: ibikoresho byo kuri interineti bipima ahantu hadahinduka; ibikoresho byo mu rugo bishobora gupimwa mu murima; na ibikoresho byo mu rugo bya IoT bigizwe n'ishingiro ry'imiyoboro ikurikirana ikwirakwizwa.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y'amazi mu miyoboro y'amazi n'amazi yanduye mu mijyi
Mu mijyi minini nka Ho Chi Minh City na Hanoi, ibikoresho byo gupima amazi byabaye ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga umutekano w’amazi. Ibikoresho byo gupima amazi bisukuye kuri interineti bifite imikorere yo kwisukura hamwe n’ibikoresho byo gukoresha mu ikoranabuhanga bishobora gushyirwa mu buryo butaziguye mu miyoboro yo gukwirakwiza amazi kugira ngo bigenzurwe mu buryo bwihuse.
Imashini ipima amazi mu buryo bw'isuku ikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi nini zitunganya amazi muri Vietnam igaragaza akamaro kayo. Ikoresheje amahame y'urumuri rwa 90° rutatanye kandi rufite ubuziranenge mu rwego rwa laboratwari, ikwiriye cyane cyane mu kugenzura neza inzira y'amazi yo kunywa. Amakuru y'imikorere agaragaza ko izi mashini zifasha mu kubungabunga amazi yayunguruwe munsi ya NTU 0.1, zirenze cyane amahame y'igihugu kandi zinoza umutekano w'amazi yo kunywa.
Mu gutunganya amazi yanduye, kugenzura amazi yanduye ni ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura no kubahiriza amategeko agenga imikoreshereze y’amazi. Uruganda runini rutunganya amazi yanduye rwo mu mujyi wa Vietnam rukoresha ibikoresho bipima amazi yanduye mu kugenzura imyanda yo mu kigega cya kabiri, bigahuza amakuru mu buryo bwo kugenzura imyanda y’inganda binyuze mu bimenyetso bisanzwe. Raporo zigaragaza ko kugenzura kuri interineti bigabanya igihe cyo gusubiza kuva ku masaha kugeza ku masegonda, bikongera uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi neza kandi byongera igipimo cyo kubahiriza amategeko y’imyanda kuva kuri 85% kugeza kuri 98%.
Ubuhanga mu Gukurikirana Ubutaka mu Buhinzi bw'Amafi
Kubera ko ari igihugu cya kabiri ku isi mu bukungu bw’amafi gifite umusaruro urenga toni miliyoni 8 ku mwaka (harimo n’umusaruro munini w’amafi y’inkamba), Vietnam ihura n’ingaruka zitaziguye ziturutse ku mpinduka mu mazi ku buzima bw’amazi. Guhindagurika cyane kw’amazi bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora fotositemu no gushonga k’umwuka wa ogisijeni.
Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoresheje ubuhanga ya IoT mu mirima ikomeye y’isambaza mu Ntara ya Ninh Thuan igaragaza umusaruro utangaje. Sisitemu ishingiye ku bwato ihuza ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe, pH, ogisijeni yashongeshejwe, na sensor za ORP, yohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse ku mbuga z’ibicu binyuze mu miyoboro idafite umugozi. Amakuru afatika agaragaza ko ibi byuzi bigenzurwa bifite igipimo cyo kubaho kw’isambaza kiri hejuru ya 20%, imikorere myiza yo guhindura ibiryo by’isambaza ku kigero cya 15%, na 40% mu ikoreshwa rya antibiyotike.
Ku bahinzi bato, amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga yo mu gace yashyizeho uburyo bwo gupima ubushuhe bw’ubutaka busanzwe bugura munsi y’amadolari 50. Ubu buryo bwo kohereza mu mirima mito irenga 300 yo mu Ntara ya Ben Tre, bufasha kugabanya ibyago by’ubuhinzi no guteza imbere inyungu.
Uburyo bwo Gupima Amazi Yanduye mu Igenzura ry'Imyuka Ihumanya mu Nganda no mu Bidukikije
Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda muri Vietnam ryazanye imbogamizi zikomeye mu gutunganya amazi yanduye, aho ubushyuhe ari cyo kintu cy’ingenzi gikoreshwa mu kugabanya ubushyuhe mu nganda. Ibikoresho byo gupima ubushyuhe kuri interineti byabaye ibikoresho bisanzwe mu nganda zo gutunganya amazi yanduye muri Vietnam kugira ngo bigenzurwe kandi birinde ibihano.
Uruganda runini rw’impapuro mu majyaruguru ya Vietnam rugaragaza ikoreshwa ry’inganda ry’ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe. Rukoresheje uburyo bwo gutunganya ibyiciro bitatu hamwe n’ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe ku nzira y’amazi yinjira/asohoka muri buri cyiciro, uruganda rwashyizeho imiyoboro y’ubugenzuzi yuzuye. Amakuru y’imikorere agaragaza ko izi sisitemu zongereye iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko yo gusohora amazi kuva kuri 88% kugeza kuri 99.5%, bigabanya cyane amande y’ibicuruzwa bikorerwa ku bidukikije buri mwaka mu gihe bigabanya ikiguzi cy’imiti.
Mu kugenzura ibidukikije, ibikoresho byo gupima amazi biri mu gice cy'ingenzi cy'imiyoboro yo gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw'amazi yo mu migezi ya Vietnam. Sisitemu zo kugenzura zivanze zihuza uburyo bwo kumenya amazi hakoreshejwe satellite kure n'imiyoboro yo gupima amazi yo hasi yakozwe n'Ikigo cy'Umutungo w'Amazi cya Vietnam bitanga ishingiro rya siyansi mu miyoborere yihariye. Kuva aho ishyiriwe mu bikorwa byuzuye, izi sisitemu zabashije kugaragaza neza inkomoko nyamukuru y'imyanda.
Ingamba z’ubukungu bwo mu mazi muri Vietnam zishimangira kugenzura amazi yo ku nkombe mu buryo buhamye. Imishinga y’igerageza ihuza amakuru ya satelite, algorithme z’imashini zikoresha imashini, na platforms za mudasobwa zikoresha ibicu yashyizeho uburyo bwo guhanura amazi yo mu nyanja n’ibindi bipimo, bitanga ibisubizo bifatika byo gucunga inkombe z’inyanja za Vietnam zifite uburebure bwa kilometero 3,260.
Dushobora kandi gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri
1. Igipimo gifata mu ntoki cy'ubwiza bw'amazi gifite ibipimo byinshi
2. Sisitemu yo gukamura amazi mu mazi ikoresha imiterere myinshi
3. Uburoso bwo gusukura bwikora ku buryo bwikora ku buryo bworoshye bw'amazi bukoresha parameter nyinshi
4. Seti yuzuye ya seriveri na porogaramu ya module idafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2025