Izamuka ry'ubuziranenge bw'amazi mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya

Itariki: 23 Ukuboza 2024

Aziya y'Amajyepfo- Mu gihe akarere gahura n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije byiyongera, birimo ubwiyongere bw’abaturage, inganda n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, akamaro ko kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi kamaze kwitabwaho byihutirwa. Guverinoma, imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, ndetse n’abikorera ku giti cyabo barushijeho kwiyemeza gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ubuzima bw’abaturage, kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, no guharanira iterambere rirambye.

Akamaro ko gukurikirana ubuziranenge bw'amazi

Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba niho hari inzira z’amazi akomeye ku isi, harimo uruzi rwa Mekong, uruzi rwa Irrawaddy, n'ibiyaga byinshi n'amazi yo ku nkombe. Nyamara, imijyi yihuse, gutemba mu buhinzi, no gusohora inganda byatumye amazi meza yangirika mu bice byinshi. Amasoko y’amazi yanduye ateza ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’abaturage, bikagira uruhare mu ndwara ziterwa n’amazi zigira ingaruka zitari nke ku baturage batishoboye.

Kugira ngo duhangane n’izi mbogamizi, inzego z’ibanze n’imiryango ishora imari muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho no gusesengura amakuru. Izi ngamba zigamije gutanga amakuru yuzuye ku buzima bw’amazi, bigatuma habaho igisubizo ku gihe cy’ibidukikije ndetse n’ingamba zo gucunga igihe kirekire.

Ibikorwa byo mukarere hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakozwe

1. Komisiyo y'Uruzi rwa Mekong: Komisiyo y’umugezi wa Mekong (MRC) yashyize mu bikorwa gahunda nini yo gukurikirana kugira ngo isuzume ubuzima bw’ibidukikije mu kibaya cy’uruzi rwa Mekong. Ukoresheje isuzuma ryubwiza bwamazi hamwe na tekinoroji ya kure, MRC ikurikirana ibipimo nkintungamubiri, pH, nubushyuhe. Aya makuru afasha kumenyesha politiki igamije gucunga neza imigezi no kurinda uburobyi.

2. Umushinga mushya wa Singapore: Nkumuyobozi mu micungire y’amazi, Singapore yateje imbere umushinga wa NEWater, utunganya kandi ugarura amazi mabi kugirango akoreshwe mu nganda no mu binyobwa. Intsinzi ya NEWater ishingiye ku kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi, kureba ko amazi yatunganijwe yujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano. Uburyo bwa Singapore ni icyitegererezo ku bihugu duturanye bihura n’ibibazo by’amazi make.

3. Imicungire y’amazi ya Philippines: Muri Filipine, Ishami ry’ibidukikije n’Umutungo Kamere (DENR) ryatangije gahunda yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi mu rwego rw’amategeko agenga amazi meza. Iyi gahunda ikubiyemo urusobe rwibigo bikurikirana mugihugu hose bipima ibipimo byingenzi byubuzima bwamazi. Iyi gahunda igamije guteza imbere imyumvire y’abaturage no guharanira ko hashyirwaho ingamba zikomeye zo kurinda inzira z’amazi y’igihugu.

4. Sisitemu yo gukurikirana ubwenge bwa Indoneziya: Mu mijyi nka Jakarta, hakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga rishya mugukurikirana ubuziranenge bwamazi nyayo. Ibyuma bifata ubwenge byinjijwe muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi nogutwara amazi kugirango hamenyekane ibyanduye kandi bimenyeshe abayobozi ibyerekeranye n’umwanda. Ubu buryo bukora ni ngombwa mu gukumira ibibazo by’ubuzima mu turere dutuwe cyane.

Uruhare rw'abaturage no gukangurira rubanda

Intsinzi y'ibikorwa byo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi ntibishingiye ku bikorwa bya leta gusa ahubwo no ku ruhare rw'abaturage n'uburezi. Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta n’imiryango ikora ubukangurambaga bugamije kwigisha abaturage akamaro ko kubungabunga amazi no gukumira umwanda. Gahunda zo gukurikirana ziyobowe n’abaturage nazo ziragenda ziyongera, ziha abaturage uruhare rugaragara mu kubungabunga umutungo w’amazi waho.

Kurugero, muri Tayilande, gahunda ya "Community Water Monitoring Monitoring" ishishikariza abaturage baho gukusanya icyitegererezo cy’amazi no gusesengura ibisubizo, bigatuma bumva ko bafite inshingano kandi bafite uburenganzira kuri sisitemu y’amazi. Ubu buryo bwibanze bwuzuza imbaraga za leta kandi bugira uruhare mu ikusanyamakuru ryuzuye.

Inzitizi n'inzira Imbere

Nubwo hari iterambere ryiza, ibibazo biracyahari. Amikoro make yimari, ubumenyi buhagije bwa tekiniki, hamwe no kutagira sisitemu ihuriweho bibangamira imikorere ya gahunda yo gukurikirana ubuziranenge bw’amazi mu karere kose. Byongeye kandi, hakenewe cyane ingamba zifatika hagati ya guverinoma, inganda, na sosiyete sivile kugira ngo ikibazo cy’amazi gikemuke muri rusange.

Mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubushobozi bw’amazi meza, ibihugu byo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya birashishikarizwa gushora imari mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere, guteza imbere ubushobozi, no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya. Ubufatanye bw'akarere ni ngombwa mu gusangira ibikorwa byiza no guhuza ibipimo ngenderwaho, kugenzura uburyo bumwe bwo kubungabunga umutungo w'amazi w'akarere.

Umwanzuro

Mu gihe Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo ikomeje kugendana n’imicungire y’imicungire y’amazi imbere y’imihindagurikire yihuse, izamuka ry’ikurikirana ry’amazi ritanga inzira nziza iganisha ku iterambere rirambye. Binyuze mu mbaraga zihuriweho, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, no kwishora mu baturage, akarere gashobora kwemeza ko umutungo w’amazi meza ukomeza kuba umutekano kandi ukagera ku gisekuru kizaza. Hamwe n’ubwitange n’ubufatanye bikomeje, Aziya yepfo yepfo yepfo irashobora gutanga urugero rukomeye mugucunga umutungo wamazi kwisi yose, kubungabunga ibidukikije byiza kandi birambye kuri bose.