Izamuka ry'ibikoresho by'ingufu muri Maleziya

Kuala Lumpur, Maleziya - Ku ya 27 Ukuboza 2024— Mu gihe Maleziya ikomeje guteza imbere urwego rwayo rw'inganda no kwagura uturere tw'imijyi, gukenera ibikoresho bigezweho by'umutekano ntibyigeze biba ngombwa cyane kuruta ibi. Ibikoresho bipima gazi, ibikoresho bigezweho bipima aho imyuka itandukanye iboneka n'ubwinshi bwayo, birimo gukoreshwa mu nzego zitandukanye kugira ngo birusheho guteza imbere umutekano, kunoza ubwiza bw'umwuka, no gukurikirana impinduka mu bidukikije.

Gusobanukirwa ibikoresho byo gupima gazi

Utwuma dupima gazi dukora mu kumenya imyuka runaka iri mu bidukikije, tugatanga amakuru y'ingenzi ashobora gukumira ibintu biteje akaga. Twagenewe kumenya imyuka itandukanye, harimo ariko ntibigarukira kuri:

• Monoxide ya karuboni (CO): Imyuka idafite ibara kandi idafite impumuro ishobora kwica iyo irimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, akenshi ikaba ari umusaruro w'ibikorwa byo gutwika.
• Methane (CH4): Ni igice cy'ingenzi cya gaze karemano, itera ibyago byo guturika mu bidukikije bifunze.
• Ibinyabutabire by’umwimerere (VOCs): Ibinyabutabire by’umwimerere bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ireme ry’umwuka wo mu nzu no ku buzima bw’abantu.
• Sulfide ya Hydrogen (H2S): Imyuka y'uburozi ifite impumuro y'amagi yaboze, ikunze kujyana n'imyanda n'ibikorwa by'inganda.
• Dioxyde ya azote (NO2): Umwanda mubi uturuka ku ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu binyabiziga no mu nganda.

Ingero z'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry'Ingenzi

1. Umutekano mu nganda:
   Mu rwego rw’inganda zikura vuba muri Maleziya, ibikoresho byo gupima gazi ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga umutekano mu nganda. Ibigo nka Petronas bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kugenzura gazi mu kugenzura imyuka ihumanya mu gihe cyo gucukura no gutunganya peteroli na gazi. Guhita ubona amazi asohoka bishobora gukumira guturika, kurinda abakozi, no kugabanya kwangirika kw’ibidukikije.

2. Gukurikirana ibidukikije:
   Uturere two mu mijyi muri Maleziya duhanganye n'ibibazo by'ihumana ry'ikirere, cyane cyane rituruka ku binyabiziga n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Inzego za leta zirimo gushyira ibikoresho byo gusuzuma gazi mu biro bigenzura ubuziranenge bw'ikirere mu mijyi nka Kuala Lumpur na Penang. Aya makuru atuma inzego zibishinzwe zishobora gukurikirana ihumana ry'ikirere no gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza agamije kunoza ubuziranenge bw'ikirere. Urugero, gukurikirana ingano ya NO2 mu buryo bwihuse bituma habaho inama ku mugaragaro ku gihe mu bihe by'ihumana ryinshi.

3. Ubuhinzi:
   Mu buhinzi, ibikoresho bipima gazi bifasha abahinzi gukurikirana ibidukikije kugira ngo umusaruro w’ibihingwa urusheho kuba mwiza. Ibikoresho bipima ingano ya CO2 mu mazu akorerwamo ubuhinzi bigaragaza ubuzima bw’ibimera kandi bishobora kuyobora ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire. Byongeye kandi, ibyo bikoresho bishobora no kumenya imyuka mibi iva mu bintu bibora, bigatuma imyanda icungwa neza.

4. Amazu n'inyubako by'ubwenge:
   Icyerekezo cyo kubaho neza kirimo kwiyongera muri Maleziya, aho utwuma dupima gazi tuba ari ikintu gisanzwe mu nyubako zo guturamo no mu bucuruzi. Utwuma dupima gazi (CO) na VOC biha ba nyir'amazu amahoro yo mu mutima, bitanga amakuru igihe hari imyuka mibi. Izi sisitemu zishobora guhuzwa n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu ngo, bikongera umutekano n'ingufu.

5. Gutunganya amazi yanduye:
   Utwuma dupima gazi tugira uruhare runini mu bigo bisukura amazi yanduye binyuze mu kugenzura urugero rwa H2S, rushobora kwirundanya mu mikorere y’igogora ridafite umwuka. Gutahura hakiri kare ingano y’ibintu biteje akaga bituma ibigo bishobora gufata ingamba zo kurengera abakozi no kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije.

Imbogamizi n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

Nubwo hari ibyiza byo gupima gazi, haracyari imbogamizi nyinshi. Ishoramari rya mbere mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gupima gazi rishobora kuba ingenzi, cyane cyane ku nganda nto. Byongeye kandi, gukomeza kubungabunga no kugenzura ibyuma bipima gazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza imiterere yabyo.

Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, guverinoma ya Maleziya, ku bufatanye n'abikorera ku giti cyabo, irimo gushakisha inkunga n'ibitera inkunga kugira ngo itere imbere ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bipima gazi mu nganda zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, iterambere mu guhuza insinga n'ibikoresho bipima amashanyarazi biteganijwe ko bizoroshya gusangira amakuru no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kuyakurikirana mu gihe nyacyo.

Umwanzuro

Mu gihe Maleziya ikomeje gutera imbere mu nganda no mu mijyi, guhuza ibikoresho bipima gazi mu nzego zitandukanye ni ingenzi mu kunoza umutekano, kunoza igenzura ry’ibidukikije, no kubungabunga ubuzima bw’abaturage. Hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje mu ikoranabuhanga n’inkunga ya leta, ibi bikoresho bitegura kugira uruhare runini mu ntego ya Maleziya yo gukomeza iterambere n’umutekano mu myaka iri imbere.