Sitasiyo ya mbere y’ikirere ikoresha ubwenge muri Amerika y’Epfo yashyizwe mu bikorwa, byorohereza ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere mu karere no gutanga amakuru ku ibiza hakiri kare.

Sitasiyo ya mbere y’ubumenyi bw’ikirere muri Amerika y’Epfo yashyizwe mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro mu misozi ya Andes muri Peru. Iyi sitasiyo igezweho y’ubumenyi bw’ikirere yubatswe ku bufatanye n’ibihugu byinshi byo muri Amerika y’Epfo, hagamijwe kunoza ubushobozi bwo gukora ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere mu karere, gukomeza uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru y’ibiza kare, no gutanga inkunga nyayo y’amakuru yerekeye imiterere y’ikirere mu nzego z’ingenzi nko mu buhinzi, ingufu n’imicungire y’umutungo kamere w’amazi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bya sitasiyo y'ikirere ifite ubwenge
Iyi sitasiyo y’iteganyagihe ifite ibikoresho bigezweho byo kugenzura ikirere, birimo Doppler radar, LIDAR, ibyuma bipima ikirere bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru n’ibikoresho byo kugenzura ikirere biri ku butaka. Ibi bikoresho bishobora kugenzura ibipimo byinshi by’iteganyagihe mu gihe nyacyo, nko mu bushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’ikirere, umuvuduko w’umuyaga, icyerekezo cy’umuyaga, imvura n’imirasire y’izuba.

Doppler radar: Ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ubukana bw'imvura n'inzira y'imvura, kandi ishobora gutanga umuburo hakiri kare ku biza nk'imvura nyinshi n'imyuzure amasaha menshi mbere y'uko bitangira.

2. LIDAR: Ikoreshwa mu gupima ikwirakwizwa ry’imiyoboro y’umwuka n’ibicu mu kirere, itanga amakuru y’ingenzi yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’umwuka no gukora ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere.

3. Umwakira wa satelite ufite ubushobozi bwo kwakira amakuru menshi: Ushobora kwakira amakuru aturutse kuri satelite nyinshi z’ikirere, utanga isesengura ryimbitse ry’imiterere y’ikirere n’uburyo ibintu bigenda.

4. Ibikoresho byerekana imiterere y'ikirere ku butaka: Bikwirakwizwa ahantu hatandukanye mu burebure n'ahantu hatandukanye hafi y'ikigo cy'iteganyagihe, bikusanya amakuru y'imiterere y'ikirere ku butaka mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo birebe ko amakuru ari ukuri kandi yuzuye.

Ubufatanye bw'akarere no gusangira amakuru
Iyi sitasiyo y’iteganyagihe y’ubwenge ni umusaruro w’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byinshi byo muri Amerika y’Epfo, birimo Peru, Shili, Brezili, Arijantine na Kolombiya. Ibihugu bizitabira bizabona kandi bihanahane amakuru y’iteganyagihe mu buryo bufatika binyuze mu buryo busangiwe bw’amakuru. Iyi sitasiyo ntifasha gusa amashami y’iteganyagihe yo mu bihugu bitandukanye gukora iteganyagihe ryiza no kuburira ibiza, ahubwo inatanga amakuru menshi ku bigo by’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, iteza imbere ubushakashatsi mu nzego nko mu mihindagurikire y’ikirere no kurengera ibidukikije.

Kongera ubushobozi bwo gutanga amakuru y'ibiza hakiri kare
Amerika y'Epfo ni agace gakunze kugaragaramo ibiza karemano, harimo imitingito, imyuzure, amapfa n'iruka ry'ibirunga, nibindi. Gukoresha sitasiyo z'ikirere zikoresha ubwenge bizongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gutanga amakuru y'ibiza mu karere. Binyuze mu gukurikirana amakuru mu buryo butunguranye no gusesengura amakuru, abahanga mu by'ikirere bashobora kuvuga neza ibyabaye mu gihe cy'ibiza no gutanga amakuru y'uburinzi ku baturage na leta ku gihe, bityo bigabanye igihombo giterwa n'ibiza.

Ingaruka ku buhinzi n'ingufu
Amakuru yerekeye ikirere ni ingenzi cyane mu bijyanye n'ubuhinzi n'ingufu. Iteganyagihe nyaryo rishobora gufasha abahinzi gutegura neza ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi no kongera umusaruro w'ibihingwa. Hagati aho, amakuru yerekeye ikirere ashobora no gukoreshwa mu kunoza umusaruro no gukwirakwiza ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, nk'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba n'umuyaga. Gukoresha sitasiyo z'ikirere zifite ubwenge bizatanga inkunga ikomeye mu iterambere ry'ubuhinzi n'ingufu muri Amerika y'Epfo.

Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Umuyobozi wa Serivisi y’Iteganyagihe ya Peru yagize ati mu muhango wo gufungura: “Gufungura sitasiyo y’ikirere ifite ubwenge bigaragaza intambwe nshya iterwa n’ikibazo cy’iteganyagihe muri Amerika y’Epfo.” Twizeye ko binyuze muri uru rubuga, dushobora guteza imbere ubufatanye mu karere mu bijyanye n’iteganyagihe, kongera ubushobozi bwo gutanga amakuru mbere y’igihe ku ibiza, no gutanga ishingiro rya siyansi mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Mu gihe kiri imbere, ibihugu byo muri Amerika y'Epfo birateganya kwagura imiyoboro yabyo yo kugenzura ikirere hashingiwe ku bigo by’ubumenyi bw’ikirere, bikongeraho ibindi bigo byo kugenzura ikirere n’aho gukusanya amakuru. Hagati aho, ibihugu byose bizanoza ubuhinzi bw’impano n’ubuhahirane mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bifatanye guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibikorwa by’ubumenyi bw’ikirere muri Amerika y'Epfo.

Umwanzuro
Gutangiza sitasiyo ya mbere y’ikirere muri Amerika y’Epfo ntabwo bitanga gusa inkunga ikomeye ya tekiniki mu bushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’ikirere mu karere no gutanga amakuru ku ibiza hakiri kare, ahubwo binashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rw’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu mu bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’iterambere rirambye. Hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga no gushimangira ubufatanye, inganda z’ikirere muri Amerika y’Epfo zizaba zifite ahazaza heza kurushaho.