Ositaraliya, umugabane munini kandi ufite izuba rinini, yabaye ku isonga ku isi mu gushakisha no gukoresha ingufu zirambye. Muri iki gihe, ishyirwaho ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi, ibyuma bipima imirasire y'izuba, ririmo kuzana impinduka zikomeye mu rwego rw'ingufu muri Ositaraliya, rikaba imbaraga nshya ziteza imbere iterambere rikomeye ry'inganda zikoresha imirasire y'izuba no kugera ku kunoza imiterere y'ingufu.
Gukurikirana neza kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere myiza y'inganda zikoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba
Ositaraliya ifite inganda nyinshi nini zitanga ingufu z'izuba, kandi gusobanukirwa neza imirasire y'izuba ni ingenzi mu kunoza imikorere myiza y'amashanyarazi. Muri sitasiyo y'izuba muri New South Wales, bitewe no kutagira ibikoresho byo kugenzura imirasire y'izuba mu bihe byashize, icyerekezo cya panel ya photovoltaic na Angle kuri sitasiyo y'izuba akenshi ntabwo ari siyansi bihagije, bigatuma ingufu z'izuba zikoreshwa nke. Hamwe no gushyiraho sensors za mirasire y'izuba, ibintu byararushijeho kuba byiza cyane. Izi sensors zituma amakuru y'ingenzi nk'ubukana bw'imirasire y'izuba, ikwirakwizwa rya spectral, n'igihe izuba rimara. Hashingiwe ku makuru y'ibitekerezo bya sensor, abakozi ba sitasiyo y'ingufu bahindura neza icyerekezo n'Angle ya panel ya photovoltaic, kugira ngo ishobore kwakira ingufu z'izuba ntarengwa. Nyuma y'igihe cyo gukora, ubushobozi bwo gukora ingufu z'ingufu bwa sitasiyo y'ingufu bwariyongereyeho 20%, ingufu ziyongereye cyane, kandi amashanyarazi meza kandi arambye yagejejwe ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, mu gihe bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora ingufu z'ingufu no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana bwa sitasiyo y'ingufu ku isoko ry'ingufu.
Fasha ubuhinzi no kunoza uburyo bwo kuhira imirasire y'izuba
Ubuhinzi bwo muri Ositaraliya bushingiye ku buryo bwo kuhira bunoze, kandi kuhira hakoreshejwe imirasire y'izuba birimo kuba ikintu gisanzwe. Mu murima wo muri Queensland, abahinzi bakoresha ibikoresho bipima imirasire y'izuba kugira ngo barusheho kunoza uburyo bwo kuhira hakoreshejwe imirasire y'izuba. Ibikoresho bipima ingano y'imirasire y'izuba mu gihe nyacyo, kandi iyo ingano y'imirasire ihagije, uburyo bwo kuhira butangira gukora, kandi ingano y'imirasire n'igihe bigenwa hakurikijwe ubukana bw'imirasire. Muri ubu buryo, amazi ahagije ku bihingwa araboneka, kandi imyanda y'amazi iterwa no kuhira cyane irindwa. Ugereranyije n'uburyo gakondo bwo kuhira, ubuhinzi bwazamuye ikoreshwa ry'amazi ku kigero cya 30 ku ijana, mu gihe bigabanya kwishingikiriza ku masoko gakondo y'ingufu kandi bikagabanya ikiguzi kinini cyo kuhira buri mwaka. Umuhinzi yagize ati: “Ibikoresho bipima imirasire y'izuba bituma umusaruro wacu w'ubuhinzi uba mwiza kandi urushaho kuba mwiza, buri gitonyanga cy'amazi na buri gace k'ingufu z'izuba bikoreshwa byuzuye.”
Guteza imbere ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi no gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba
Mu rwego rw'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ibikoresho by'imirasire y'izuba nabyo bigira uruhare runini. Itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi rya Kaminuza y'Igihugu ya Ositaraliya ryabonye amakuru menshi nyayo y'imirasire y'izuba binyuze mu bikoresho by'imirasire y'izuba mu gihe cyo gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya by'izuba. Aya makuru atanga ishingiro ry'ingenzi mu guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya by'imirasire y'izuba, kandi agafasha abashakashatsi gusobanukirwa imikorere y'ibikoresho mu bihe bitandukanye by'imirasire. Binyuze mu isesengura n'ubushakashatsi bw'aya makuru, itsinda ry'ubushakashatsi ryashoboye gukora ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho by'imirasire y'izuba, binongera ubushobozi bwo guhindura amashanyarazi ku kigero cya 15% mu bihe byihariye by'imirasire y'izuba. Ibi byavuyemo ntibyateje imbere gusa iterambere rishya ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'izuba, ahubwo byanahesheje Ositaraliya izina ryiza mu rwego rw'ingufu z'izuba ku isi.
Impuguke mu by’ingufu zagaragaje ko ikoreshwa ryagutse ry’ibikoresho bipima imirasire y’izuba muri Ositaraliya ririmo guteza imbere impinduka n’iterambere ry’inganda z’ingufu mu nzego zitandukanye. Ntabwo binoza gusa imikorere myiza y’inganda zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, bifasha ubuhinzi kugera ku kuhira ku bidukikije kandi neza, ahubwo binatanga inkunga ikomeye mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi no guhanga udushya. Hamwe no gukwirakwiza iri koranabuhanga no kurikoresha, byitezwe ko rizakomeza gukoresha imbaraga z’umutungo kamere w’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba muri Ositaraliya, rigahindura imiterere y’ingufu mu cyerekezo gisukuye kandi kirambye, kandi rigashyira imbaraga nshya mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa Ositaraliya no kurengera ibidukikije. Bikekwa ko mu gihe cya vuba aha, ibikoresho bipima imirasire y’izuba bizaba ibikoresho by’ingenzi kandi by’ingenzi mu rwego rw’ingufu muri Ositaraliya, bigatuma Ositaraliya itera intambwe ikomeye mu nzira yo guteza imbere ingufu zirambye.
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Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-12-2025