Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge bw'Ubutaka

Ese ushobora kutubwira byinshi ku ngaruka z'umunyu ku bisubizo? Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingaruka zifatika z'ibyiciro bibiri bya iyoni mu butaka?

Byaba byiza uramutse ungejejeho amakuru arambuye kuri ibi. Nshishikajwe no gupima ubushuhe bw'ubutaka neza cyane.

Tekereza iyo haza kubaho icyuma gitunganya amashanyarazi gitunganye gikikije sensor (urugero, iyo sensor yari yinjijwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu mazi cya gallium), cyahuzaga plaque za capacitor zipima amashanyarazi ku buryo icyuma cyonyine kiri hagati yazo cyaba ari agace gato kari ku rubaho rw'amashanyarazi.

Izi sensor zihendutse zikoresha capacitive, zubatswe kuri chips 555, zikunze gukora ku murongo uri muri kHz mirongo, ari nke cyane ku buryo zitashobora gukuraho ingaruka z'umunyu washongeshejwe. Zishobora kuba nke bihagije ku buryo zishobora guteza ibindi bibazo nko kugabanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi, bigaragazwa no kuba hysteresis.

Menya ko ikibaho cy’imashini ipima ubushyuhe ari capacitor mu buryo bukurikiranye hamwe n’urusobe rw’ubutaka, rumwe kuri buri ruhande. Ushobora kandi gukoresha electrode idakingiye idafite igitambaro kugira ngo uhuze neza, ariko electrode ihita yivanga mu butaka.Gukoresha amashanyarazi bizatera polarisation mu butaka + amazi. Ubushobozi bwo gupima imiterere y’amashanyarazi bupimirwa nk'uko amashanyarazi akoreshwa abikora, bityo polarisation y’ibikoresho ihora iri inyuma y’amashanyarazi akoreshwa. Uko frequency y’amashanyarazi akoreshwa yiyongera mu rugero rwo hejuru rwa MHz, igice cy’imitekerereze cya complex dielectric constant kiragabanuka cyane kuko polarisation ya dipole itagikurikiza frequency yihuta y’amashanyarazi.

Munsi ya ~500 MHz, igice cy’ishusho cya dielectric constant cyiganjemo umunyu, bityo bigatuma habaho imikorere y’amashanyarazi. Hejuru y’iyi mihindagurikire, polarisation ya dipole izagabanuka cyane kandi imiterere rusange ya dielectric izaterwa n’ingano y’amazi.

Ibyuma byinshi by’ubucuruzi bikemura iki kibazo bikoresheje imirongo mito kandi bigakoresha umurongo upima ubunini bw’ubutaka kugira ngo harebwe imiterere y’ubutaka n’umuvuduko wabwo.