Ibipimo bya Pocket PH ni iki?
Ibipimo bya pH mu mufuka ni ibikoresho bito bigenzurwa bitanga amakuru ku mukoresha mu buryo buboneye, bworoshye kandi buhendutse. Ibi bikoresho byagenewe gukoreshwa mu bihe bitandukanye kandi bizapima alkalinity (pH) na aside y'ibipimo bitandukanye. By'umwihariko bikunzwe cyane mu gupima ingero z'amazi meza kuko zikwira neza mu mufuka kugira ngo byoroshye kuzifata no kuzikoresha.
Kubera ko hari ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bw’ibikoresho bipima pH, ni ngombwa kumenya ubwoko bw’ibikoresho bipima pH bizatanga umusaruro mwiza ujyanye n’ibyo ukeneye mu isuzuma ry’icyitegererezo. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibikoresho bipima pH ku isoko bitanga ubwoko butandukanye bw’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bihuze n’ibyo umuguzi akeneye. Hari ubwoko butatu bw’ibikoresho bipima pH by’amazi byiza mu gupima ubuziranenge bw’amazi: ibikoresho bipima pH by’amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mu gupima amazi hakoreshejwe electrode imwe, ibikoresho bisimburana by’amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mu gupima amazi hakoreshejwe electrode imwe n’ibikoresho bisimburana by’amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mu gupima amazi hakoreshejwe electrode ebyiri. Guhitamo icyuma gipima pH mu mazi bizaterwa ahanini n’icyitegererezo kirimo gupimwa, uburebure bw’isuzuma n’ubuziranenge bukenewe.
Agaciro ka pH
Ubwoko busanzwe bwo gupima ubuziranenge bw'amazi ni ikizamini cya pH. pH y'amazi igaragaza uburinganire hagati ya iyoni za hydrogen, zifite aside, na iyoni za hydroxide, ari zo z'ibanze. Ingano nziza ya byombi iri kuri pH ya 7. Agaciro ka pH ya 7 ni ntarengwa. Uko umubare ugenda ugabanuka, ikintu kiba kirimo aside nyinshi; uko kigenda cyiyongera, kiba gifite aside nyinshi. Ingano iri hagati ya 0 (aside yose, nka aside bateri) na 14 (alkaline yuzuye, urugero, isukura imiyoboro y'amazi). Amazi yo mu ijombo akenshi aba ari hafi pH ya 7, mu gihe amazi asanzwe aba ari hagati ya pH 6 na 8. Ikoreshwa rikenewe gupima ingano ya pH riboneka hafi ya buri nganda n'urugo. Ikoreshwa mu rugo, nko gupima ingano ya pH y'amafi yo mu mazi, ritandukanye no gupima ingano ya pH y'amazi mu ruganda rutunganya amazi.
Mbere yo guhitamo igikoresho cyo gupima mu mufuka, ni ngombwa kumenya byinshi kuri electrode. Ni igice cy’igikoresho cyo gupima mu mufuka gishyirwa mu gipimo kugira ngo gipime pH. Imbere muri electrode hari electrolyte (amazi cyangwa gel). Aho electrode ihurira ni ahantu hari umwobo hagati ya electrolyte iri muri electrode n’icyitegererezo cyawe. Muri make, electrolyte igomba kuva mu gipimo kugira ngo electrode ikore neza kugira ngo igere ku musaruro nyawo. Utu duce duto twose dukorana imbere muri electrode kugira ngo ipime pH neza.
Electrode irangirika buhoro buhoro kuko electrolyte ikoreshwa buri gihe iyo ipima kandi igahinduka uburozi bitewe na iyoni cyangwa ibintu byanduza. Iyoni zihumanya electrolyte ni ibyuma, fosfeti, sulfate, nitrate na poroteyine. Uko ibidukikije birushaho kuba bibi, ni ko ingaruka ziyongera kuri iyo electrode. Ahantu hakunze kuba bibi cyane hafite ingano nyinshi ya iyoni zanduza, nk'aho amazi yanduye asukurwa, hashobora kwihutisha uburozi bwa electrolyte. Iki gikorwa gishobora kubaho vuba hamwe n'abapima bahendutse bo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Mu byumweru bike, ibipimo bishobora gutinda no kugorama. Igipimo cy'ubuziranenge cya pH cyo mu mufuka kizaba gifite electrode yizewe itanga ingero zihamye kandi ziboneye buri gihe. Gukomeza electrode isukuye kandi itose nabyo ni ingenzi ku mikorere y'umupima no kuramba k'umukoresha.
Ibipimo bya pH bikoreshwa mu gupima amazi mu buryo bumwe
Ku bakoresha rimwe na rimwe ibikoresho bipima pH bifite icyitegererezo cya pH gisanzwe cy’amazi, ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye rikoresha electrode y’ihuriro rimwe ritanga imbaraga nyinshi n’ubunyangamugayo. Electrode y’ihuriro rimwe ifite igihe gito cyo kubaho ugereranije na electrode y’ihuriro ribiri kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima pH y’ahantu hamwe n’ubushyuhe. Imashini ipima ihuriro rimwe idasimburwa ifite ubunyangamugayo bwa pH ya +0.1. Ubu ni uburyo buhendutse kandi akenshi bugurwa n’umukoresha udafite ubuhanga buhanitse. Iyo imashini ipima itagitanga ingero nyazo, jugunya gusa hanyuma ugure indi mashini ipima. Ibikoresho bipima ihuriro rimwe bikunze gukoreshwa mu buhinzi, ubworozi bw’amafi, amazi meza, aquariums, pisine na spas, uburezi, n’amasoko y’ubusitani.
Ibipimo bya pH bya Electrode bishobora gusimburwa n'ibindi
Intambwe yazamutse ugereranije n’ikoreshwa ry’igerageza ry’amakuru rihuza amashami abiri ni ikoreshwa ry’igerageza ry’amakuru rishobora gusimburwa n’iry’amakuru rimwe, rishobora kugera ku buziranenge bwiza bwa +0.01 pH. Iri gerageza rikwiriye uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima bwa ASTM Intl. na US EPA. Ikoranabuhanga rishobora gusimburwa, rigakingira ikoreshwa, bityo rigakoreshwa kenshi. Gusimbuza ikoranabuhanga ni amahitamo ku muntu usanzwe ukoresha igerageza buri gihe. Iyo ikoreshwa buri gihe kandi ingero zifite icyiciro kinini cya iyoni zihumanya electrolyte muri electrode, byaba byiza kurushaho kwimukira ku rwego rukurikira rw’igerageza hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya electrode zihuza amashami abiri.
Ibipimo bya pH bya Electrode bishobora gusimburwa n'ibice bibiri
Ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza ibintu bibiri ritanga inzira ndende yo kwimuka kw'ibintu byanduye, bigatinda kwangirika kwangiza electrode ya pH, bikongera kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'igikoresho. Mbere yuko ubwandu bugera kuri electrode, igomba gukwirakwira atari mu ihuriro rimwe, ahubwo mu ihuriro ribiri. Ibipimo by'imikoranire ibiri ni ibipimo bikomeye kandi by'ubuziranenge kandi bihangana n'ibihe bikomeye n'ingero. Bishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'amazi yanduye, ibisubizo birimo sulfide, ibyuma biremereye na Tris buffers. Ku bakiriya bakeneye gusubiramo ibizamini byabo bya pH buri gihe, bashyira sensors ku bikoresho bikomeye cyane, ni ngombwa gukoresha ikigeragezo cy'imikoranire ibiri kugira ngo cyongere igihe cyo kubaho kwa electrode no kwemeza ko ari ukuri. Muri buri ikoreshwa, ingero zizagenda zihindagurika kandi ntizigire icyizere. Igishushanyo cy'imikoranire ibiri gihamya ko ikoranabuhanga ryizewe cyane kandi ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu gupima ingano ya pH ku buziranenge bukwiye bwa +0.01 pH.
Gupima pH ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge. Ni ibisanzwe ko icyuma gipima pH kiva mu buryo bwacyo bwagenwe. Iyo kimaze kubikora, ibisubizo bitari byo birashoboka. Ni ngombwa gupima abapima kugira ngo haboneke ibipimo nyabyo. Bimwe mu bipima pH bifite uburyo bwo kumenya icyuma gipima pH, bigatuma bihita byoroha kandi byihuse. Uburyo bwinshi buhendutse busaba gupima kenshi kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge. Gupima pH ku bapima pH bigomba gukorwa buri gihe, bigasabwa buri munsi cyangwa nibura rimwe mu cyumweru. Gupima amanota agera kuri atatu ukoresheje ibipimo byashyizweho na Amerika cyangwa Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amabwiriza n’Ikoranabuhanga.
Ibipimo byo gupima amazi mu mufuka byagiye bikundwa mu gupima amazi mu myaka myinshi ishize, kuko ari bito, bishobora gutwara abantu, kandi bishobora gutanga ibisobanuro mu masegonda make ukanze buto. Mu gihe isoko ry’ibipimo rikomeje gusaba iterambere, abakora ibikoresho bongeyeho ibintu nk’amazu adapfa amazi n’adafite umukungugu kugira ngo birinde ibipimo ahantu hatose no kubikoresha nabi. Byongeye kandi, ecran nini kandi zikora neza zorohereza gusoma. Kwishyura ubushyuhe mu buryo bwikora, ubusanzwe bikoreshwa mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu ntoki no mu bipimo byo hejuru, nabyo byongewe ku bikoresho bigezweho. Hari n’ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bishobora gupima no kwerekana ubushyuhe nyabwo. Ibipimo byo gupima bigezweho bizaba bifite ibimenyetso bihamye, bipima neza kandi bizimya umuriro kugira ngo bateri ikomeze kubaho. Guhitamo ibipimo byo gupima neza mu mufuka bizaguha ikoreshwa ryizewe kandi ryizewe buri gihe.
Dushobora kandi gutanga ibikoresho by'amazi bipima ibindi bipimo bitandukanye kugira ngo ubyiteho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2024