Mu rwego rw'ubuhinzi bugezweho, guhuza ibikoresho bipima ubutaka n'imikorere myiza yo kohereza amakuru ni byo bintu by'ingenzi mu kubaka uburyo bwo gukurikirana neza. Ibikoresho bipima ubutaka bitangwa na SDI12, bifite porotokoli y'itumanaho rya elegitoroniki mu mizi yabyo, birema ibikoresho bishya byo kugenzura ubutaka birimo "igenzura ryimbitse + guhuza neza + kohereza amakuru mu buryo buhamye", bitanga inkunga yizewe ku makuru nk'ubutaka bugezweho, amazu y'ubusitani agezweho, n'igenzura ry'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, no kuvugurura amahame ngenderwaho yo kugenzura ubutaka.
1. Porogaramu ya SDI12: Kuki ari "Ururimi rusange" rw'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhinzi ku bintu?
SDI12 (Serial Digital Interface 12) ni porotokoli y’itumanaho izwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku byuma bipima ibidukikije, by’umwihariko yagenewe gukoresha ingufu nke no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry’ibikoresho byinshi, kandi ifite ibyiza bitatu by’ingenzi:
Uburyo busanzwe bwo guhuza: Porotokole y'itumanaho ihuriweho isenya inzitizi z'ibikoresho kandi ishobora guhuzwa neza n'abakusanya amakuru basanzwe (nka Campbell, HOBO) na porogaramu za interineti y'ibintu (nka Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud), bikuraho gukenera kongera guteza imbere umushoferi no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo guhuza sisitemu ho hejuru ya 30%.
Ikoresha ingufu nke kandi ikora neza cyane: Ikoresha itumanaho rihoraho kandi rishyigikira uburyo bwa "master-slave mode" bwo guhuza ibikoresho byinshi (ibipimo bigera ku 100 bishobora guhuzwa kuri bisi imwe), hamwe n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'itumanaho riri hasi nk'urwego rwa μA, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza mu kugenzura ikirere hakoreshejwe ingufu z'izuba.
Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi: Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ihererekanya ry’ibimenyetso bitandukanya gikuraho neza ingaruka mbi za electromagnetic. Ndetse no hafi y’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite voltage nyinshi n’aho itumanaho riherereye, igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru neza kiracyagera kuri 99.9%.
2. Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura igice cy'ibanze: “Stethoscope” y'ubutaka hamwe n'uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu byinshi
Imashini ipima ubutaka yakozwe hashingiwe kuri protocole ya SDI12 ishobora gushyiraho ibipimo byo kugenzura mu buryo bworoshye hakurikijwe ibisabwa kugira ngo igere ku buryo bwuzuye bwo gusobanukirwa ibidukikije by’ubutaka:
(1) Ihuriro ry'ibanze ry'ibipimo bitanu
Ubushuhe bw'ubutaka: Uburyo bwo kugarura ubushyuhe mu butaka (FDR) bukoreshwa, bufite igipimo cy'ubushuhe hagati ya 0-100%, ubuziranenge bwa ± 3%, n'igihe cyo gusubiza kiri munsi y'isegonda rimwe.
Ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka: Ifite sensor y'ubushyuhe ya PT1000 yubatswemo, intera yo gupima ubushyuhe ni -40 ℃ kugeza 85 ℃, ifite ubuziranenge bwa ± 0.5 ℃, ishobora gukurikirana mu buryo nyabwo impinduka z'ubushyuhe mu mizi y'ubutaka.
Uburyo amashanyarazi yo mu butaka atwara (EC): Suzuma ingano y'umunyu mu butaka (0-20 dS/m2), ku buryo bungana na ± 5%, kugira ngo umenyeshe ibyago byo kongeramo umunyu;
Agaciro ka pH y'ubutaka: Igipimo kiri hagati ya 3 na 12, ubuziranenge ± 0.1, biyobora iterambere ry'ubutaka busharira/aside;
Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe mu kirere: Gukurikirana icyarimwe ibintu bifitanye isano n'ikirere kugira ngo bifashe mu gusesengura amazi n'ikirere by'ubutaka n'ubushyuhe.
(2) Kwagura imikorere ihanitse
Gukurikirana intungamubiri: Hari electrode za ion za azote (N), fosifore (P), na potasiyumu (K) ziboneka kugira ngo zikurikirane ingano y'intungamubiri zihari (nka NO₃⁻-N, PO₄³⁻-P) mu gihe nyacyo, ku buryo bungana na ± 8%.
Gupima ibyuma biremereye: Ku birebana n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, bishobora guhuza ibikoresho by'ibyuma biremereye nka lead (Pb) na cadmium (Cd), hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo kugera ku rwego rwa ppb.
Gukurikirana imiterere y'ibihingwa: Binyuze mu guhuza uburyo bwo gupima amazi aturuka ku biti n'uburyo bwo gupima ubushuhe bw'amababi, hakorwa uruhererekane ruhoraho rw'uburyo "ubutaka - ibihingwa - ikirere".
3. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibikoresho: Ireme ry'inganda rijyanye no guhangana n'ibidukikije bigoye
Udushya mu kuramba
Ibikoresho: Icupa rya aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rw'ikirere + polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rirwanya aside na alkali (pH 1-14), rirwanya kwangirika kwa mikorobe zo mu butaka, kandi rimara imyaka irenga 8 ritarimo.
Ingano y'uburinzi: IP68 idapfa amazi kandi ntirinda ivumbi, ishobora kwihanganira kwibira mu bujyakuzimu bwa metero 1 mu gihe cy'amasaha 72, ikwiriye ikirere kibi cyane nk'imvura nyinshi n'imyuzure.
(2) Imiterere y'ingufu nke
Uburyo bwo gukangura umuntu mu gihe cyo gusinzira: Bushyigikira gukusanya ibintu ku gihe (nk'igihe kimwe buri minota 10) no gukusanya ibintu bitewe n'ibyabaye (nk'uko byakozwe iyo habayeho impinduka zitunguranye mu bushyuhe), ingufu zikoreshwa mu gihe cyo guhagarara ni munsi ya 50μA, kandi bushobora gukora buri gihe mu gihe cy'amezi 12 iyo buhujwe na bateri ya lithium ya 5Ah.
Uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu z'izuba: Hari uburyo bwo guhitamo paneli z'izuba za 5W hamwe na module yo gucunga gusharija kugira ngo hatabaho "gukurikirana nta kubungabunga" igihe kirekire mu turere dufite izuba ryinshi.
(3) Uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiramo
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Plug-and-pull: Imashini ipima amashanyarazi n'igice cy'ingenzi bishobora gutandukanywa, bigafasha gusimbuza module ya sensor mu mwanya wayo bitabaye ngombwa kongera gutwikira insinga.
Gukoresha uburebure bwinshi: Bitanga ibikoresho by'uburebure butandukanye nka cm 10, cm 20, na cm 30 kugira ngo bihuze n'ibisabwa mu gukurikirana ikwirakwizwa ry'imizi mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ikura ry'ibihingwa (nk'ibipimo by'urwego ruto mu gihe cy'ihinga ry'imbuto n'ibipimo by'urwego ruto mu gihe cy'ikura).
4. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha
Imicungire y'ubutaka bw'ubuhinzi ikoresheje ubuhanga
Kuhira neza: Amakuru y’ubushuhe bw’ubutaka yohererezwa umuhanga mu kugenzura kuhira binyuze muri gahunda ya SDI12 kugira ngo hagerwe ku “bushuhe buterwa n’ubushuhe” (nk’uko umuntu atangiza kuhira amazi mu buryo bwikora iyo aguye munsi ya 40% akanahagarara iyo ageze kuri 60%), ku kigero cyo kuzigama amazi cya 40%.
Gufumbira bihinduka: Mu guhuza amakuru ya EC n'intungamubiri, imashini zifumbira ziyoborwa kugira ngo zikore mu turere dutandukanye binyuze mu mashusho ya muganga (nk'ukugabanya ingano y'ifumbire mvaruganda mu duce dufite umunyu mwinshi no kongera ikoreshwa rya urea mu duce dufite azote nke), kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha ifumbire cyiyongeraho 25%.
(2) Urusobe rw'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi rukurikirana
Ubushakashatsi bw'igihe kirekire ku bidukikije: Utwuma duto twa SDI12 dushyirwa ku biro by'igihugu bigenzura ubuziranenge bw'ubutaka kugira ngo dukusanye amakuru y'ubutaka ku masaha. Ayo makuru ashyirwa mu buryo bwa "encryption" kandi yohererezwa mu bubiko bw'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi binyuze kuri VPN kugira ngo dushyigikire ubushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y'ikirere no kwangirika k'ubutaka.
Igerageza ryo kugenzura inkono: Umuyoboro wa sensor wa SDI12 wakozwe mu nzu itunganya ibimera kugira ngo ugenzure neza ibidukikije by'ubutaka bwa buri nkono y'ibimera (nk'uko byagenwe ku gipimo gitandukanye cya pH), kandi amakuru yahujwe na sisitemu yo gucunga laboratwari, bigabanya uruziga rw'igerageza ho 30%.
(3) Guhuza ubuhinzi bw'ibigo
Guhuza ibidukikije hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga: Huza sensor ya SDI12 kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura ibidukikije. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka burenze 35°C kandi ubushuhe buri munsi ya 30%, bizahita bitera gukonjesha umukandara w'amazi y'abafana no kongera amazi yo kuhira, bigatuma habaho kugenzura "amakuru - gufata ibyemezo - gushyira mu bikorwa".
Gukurikirana ubuhinzi budafite ubutaka: Mu buhinzi bukoresha hydroponic/substrate, agaciro ka EC n'agaciro ka pH by'umuti w'intungamubiri bigenzurwa mu gihe nyacyo, kandi imashini igabanya aside-base n'imashini yo kongeramo intungamubiri bihindurwa mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo birebe ko ibihingwa biri ahantu heza ho gukura.
5. Igereranya rya tekiniki: SDI12 ugereranije na Analog Signal Sensor gakondo
| Ishusho gakondo y'ikimenyetso cya analoge | Sensor ya digitale ya SDI12 | ||
| Ubuziranenge bw'amakuru bugira ingaruka zoroshye ku burebure bw'insinga n'ingaruka za electromagnetic, hamwe n'ikosa riri hagati ya ± 5% na 8% | Kohereza ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n'ikosa rya ± 1%-3%, bifite umutekano mwinshi mu gihe kirekire | ||
| Guhuza sisitemu bisaba guhindura module yo gutunganya ibimenyetso, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyitegura kiri hejuru. | Gushyiramo no gukina, bihuye n'abakusanya amakuru n'amashusho rusange | ||
| Ubushobozi bwo guhuza bisi butuma bisi imwe ishobora guhuza ibikoresho bigera kuri 5 kugeza ku 10 byibuze | Bisi imwe ikoresha ibikoresho 100 kandi ijyanye n'imiterere y'ibiti n'inyenyeri | ||
| Imikoreshereze y'ingufu: Ingufu zihoraho, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu > 1mA | Ingufu zikoreshwa munsi ya 50μA, bigatuma zikoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu za batiri/izuba | ||
| Igiciro cyo kubungabunga gisaba gupimwa inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2 mu mwaka, kandi insinga zishobora gusaza no kwangirika | Ifite uburyo bwo kwigenzura imbere, bikuraho gukenera gupima igihe cyose ikora kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza insinga ho 70%. |
6. Ubuhamya bw'abakoresha: Ihinduka kuva kuri "Data Silos" kugeza kuri "Ubufatanye Bunoze"
Ishuri rikuru ry’ubuhinzi ryo mu ntara ryagize riti: “Mu gihe cyashize, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bya analog byakoreshwaga. Kuri buri gice cyo kugenzura cyashyizweho, hagombaga gukorwa module yihariye y’itumanaho, kandi gukosora amakosa byonyine byatwaraga amezi abiri.” Nyuma yo guhindura ikoranabuhanga rya SDI12, itumanaho ry’amanota 50 ryarangiye mu cyumweru kimwe, kandi amakuru yahujwe neza n’urubuga rw’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, binongera cyane imikorere y’ubushakashatsi.
Mu gace k’ubuhinzi kagenewe kuzigama amazi mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bw’Ubushinwa: “Mu guhuza sensor ya SDI12 n’irembo ry’ubwenge, twageze ku gukwirakwiza amazi mu ngo mu buryo bwikora hashingiwe ku bushyuhe bw’ubutaka. Mbere, igenzura ry’imiyoboro ryakorwaga n’intoki kabiri ku munsi, ariko ubu rishobora gukurikiranwa kuri telefoni zigendanwa. Igipimo cyo kuzigama amazi cyazamutse kuva kuri 30% kigera kuri 45%, kandi ikiguzi cyo kuhira kuri buri mwaka ku bahinzi cyagabanutseho 80 yuan.”
Tangiza ibikorwa remezo bishya by'amakuru ku buhinzi bunoze
Umusaruro w’ibikoresho by’ubutaka bya SDI12 si igikoresho cyo gukurikirana gusa ahubwo ni n’“ibikorwa remezo” by’ubuhinzi bw’ubwenge. Bisenya inzitizi ziri hagati y’ibikoresho na sisitemu hakoreshejwe amabwiriza asanzwe, bishyigikira gufata ibyemezo bya siyansi hakoreshejwe amakuru agezweho, kandi BIKORANA n’igenzura ry’igihe kirekire hakoreshejwe igishushanyo mbonera cy’ingufu nke. Byaba ari kunoza imikorere y’imirima minini cyangwa ubushakashatsi bugezweho bw’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, bishobora gushyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rw’urusobe rw’igenzura ry’ubutaka, bigatuma buri gice cy’amakuru kiba imbaraga zo kuvugurura ubuhinzi.
Contact us immediately: Tel: +86-15210548582, Email: info@hondetech.com or click www.hondetechco.comkugira ngo ubone ubuyobozi bwa SDI12 Sensor networking kugira ngo urusheho gukoresha sisitemu yawe yo kugenzura, yizewe kandi irusheho kwaguka!
Kohereza ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n'ikosa rya ± 1%-3%, bifite umutekano mwinshi mu gihe kirekire
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Mata 2025