Uburusiya buteza imbere iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kubaho: Gushiraho umuyoboro w’imirasire y’izuba mu gihugu hose

Mu gihe isi yose ikenera ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikomeje kwiyongera, guverinoma y’Uburusiya yatangaje gahunda y’ingenzi yo gushyiraho umuyoboro w’imirasire y’izuba wateye imbere mu gihugu hose kugira ngo usuzume neza ingufu z’izuba no guteza imbere ingufu z’amashanyarazi. Iyi gahunda ntigaragaza gusa intambwe igaragara mu bijyanye n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu Burusiya, ahubwo inagaragaza ubushake igihugu gifite cyo kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye.

Mu myaka yashize, imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi n’inzibacyuho y’ingufu byabaye intandaro y’ibihugu byose. N'ubwo Uburusiya bufite peteroli nyinshi, guverinoma izi kandi akamaro ko guteza imbere ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu. Nuburyo bwingufu zisukuye kandi zishobora kuvugururwa, ingufu zizuba zifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere. Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba, guverinoma y'Uburusiya yafashe icyemezo cyo gushyiraho urusobe rw'imirasire y'izuba mu gihugu hose kugira ngo rubone amakuru y'izuba kandi rushyigikire igenamigambi n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imishinga y'izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba ni igikoresho gishobora gupima ubukana bw'imirasire y'izuba. Izi sensor zirashobora gukurikirana ubukana, Inguni nigihe imirasire yizuba mugihe nyacyo kandi ikohereza amakuru mububiko rusange nisesengura. Binyuze muri ibyo byuma, guverinoma n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi birashobora kubona amakarita arambuye y’ikwirakwizwa ry’ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba kandi bakumva ko ingufu z’izuba zihari kandi zitandukanye.

Minisitiri w’ingufu w’Uburusiya, Sergei Sokolov yagize ati: "Ibyuma bifata imirasire y’izuba biduha uburyo bwa siyansi bwo gusuzuma no gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba. Hamwe n’ibi byuma byifashishwa, dushobora kumva neza ingufu z’izuba muri buri karere, kugira ngo dushobore gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo guteza imbere ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu."

Guverinoma y’Uburusiya irateganya gushyiraho ibyuma birenga 5.000 by’imirasire y’izuba mu gihugu hose mu myaka ibiri iri imbere. Ibyo byuma bizakoreshwa mu mashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ku kirere, mu mijyi, mu buhinzi, n'ahandi hantu hakomeye. Gahunda zihariye zo gushyira mu bikorwa zirimo:

1. Urugomero rw'izuba:
Ibyuma bifata imirasire y'izuba byuzuye kandi bishyirwa mumashanyarazi yose akomoka kumirasire y'izuba kugirango habeho ingufu nyinshi.

2. Ikirere hamwe n’ibigo byubushakashatsi:
Shyira ibyuma bifata ibyuma byubumenyi n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi by’ingufu zishobora gukusanywa no gukusanya amakuru y’izuba kugira ngo ushyigikire ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi no guteza imbere politiki.

3. Imijyi n’ubuhinzi:
Shyira ibyuma bikoresha mumijyi no mubice byubuhinzi kugirango usuzume niba imirasire yizuba ikoreshwa mumijyi hamwe nimishinga ya PV yubuhinzi.

4. Uturere twa kure n’umupaka:
Shyiramo sensor mu turere twa kure n’umupaka kugirango dusuzume imirasire y'izuba muri utwo turere kandi ushyigikire ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imishinga ikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.

Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukora neza ibyuma bifata imirasire y'izuba, guverinoma y'Uburusiya yashyizeho uburyo bunoze bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ndetse no gusesengura amakuru ku bufatanye n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga. Izi sensor ntizishobora gusa gukurikirana ubukana bwimirasire yizuba mugihe nyacyo, ariko kandi zirashobora guhanura impinduka zizaza zikomoka kumirasire yizuba hifashishijwe ubwenge bwubukorikori hamwe nikoranabuhanga rinini ryisesengura ryamakuru, kandi bigatanga inkunga yicyemezo.

Byongeye kandi, Uburusiya nabwo bufatanya n’ibihugu bituranye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga gusangira amakuru y’izuba no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ubufatanye bw’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu z’amahanga. Serge Sokolov yagize ati: "Ingufu z'izuba ni umutungo w'isi usaba imbaraga z’ibihugu byose. Turizera ko tuzateza imbere iterambere ry’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba binyuze mu bufatanye n’amahanga."

Guverinoma y’Uburusiya iha agaciro kanini ishyirwaho ry’imirasire y’izuba kandi itanga inkunga ihagije n’inkunga ya tekiniki. Guverinoma irateganya kandi gutangiza ubukangurambaga bugamije kwigisha abaturage hagamijwe kongera ubumenyi no kwakira ingufu z'izuba.

Mu gace kamwe ka Moscou, abaturage bishimiye icyo guverinoma yafashe. Umuturage witwa Anna Petrova yagize ati: "Dushyigikiye cyane imishinga ikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba. Ibyuma bifata imirasire y'izuba byatumye dushobora kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye n'ingufu z'izuba ndetse no kumenya ejo hazaza h'ingufu zishobora kubaho."

Nubwo kubaka urusobe rw'imirasire y'izuba bizana inyungu nyinshi, biranahura n'ibibazo bimwe na bimwe mubikorwa byo kubishyira mu bikorwa. Kurugero, kubungabunga no guhinduranya ibyuma bifata ibyuma bisaba abatekinisiye babigize umwuga, kandi umutekano n’ibanga ryamakuru nabyo bigomba kuba byemewe. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukoresha neza amakuru ya sensor kugirango utezimbere ishyirwa mubikorwa niterambere ryimishinga yingufu zizuba nabyo ni ingingo yingenzi.

Nyamara, hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe no kunoza buhoro buhoro imiyoborere, umuyoboro wogukoresha imirasire yizuba ufite ibyifuzo byinshi muburusiya. Mu bihe biri imbere, Uburusiya burateganya guhuza umuyoboro w’imirasire y’izuba n’ubundi buryo bwa tekiniki nko guteganyiriza ikirere ndetse no gukurikirana ibyogajuru kugira ngo urusheho kuzamura urwego rw’ubwenge rwo gusuzuma umutungo w’izuba.

Ishyirwaho ry’imirasire y’izuba na guverinoma y’Uburusiya ryerekana intambwe ikomeye mu rwego rw’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu muri iki gihugu. Binyuze muri iryo koranabuhanga, Uburusiya buzashobora gusuzuma no gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba mu buhanga, guteza imbere iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kubaho, no kugira uruhare mu kurengera ibidukikije ku isi ndetse n’iterambere rirambye.