Iyo ubonye umuhinzi ushaje yicaye ku nkengero z'umurima, afata agace k'ubutaka akabukanda, yataye ubwenge - aba arimo gusobanura amategeko ya kera y'ubutaka: ubushuhe bw'ubutaka. Muri iki gihe, icyuma gipima ubutaka kirimo gukora ibiganiro bimwe cyangwa byimbitse mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Iki ni sensor y'ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka bw'ubuhinzi, ubushuhe n'amashanyarazi (EC), "umusesenguzi wo munsi y'ubutaka" w'ubuhinzi bw'ubwenge.
Si "inkoni y'icyuma yinjijwe mu butaka" gusa: Ni iki?
Ubusanzwe iyi ni probe ntoya ifite ishusho y'inkoni irimo ibice by'ikoranabuhanga byihariye. Ishobora gupima icyarimwe, buri gihe kandi aho iri hose ibimenyetso bitatu by'ingenzi by'ubutaka bw'imizi:
Ubushyuhe: "Ubukonje n'ubushyuhe bwinshi" bw'ubutaka
Ingano y'amazi: "Ingano y'ubushyuhe" bw'ubutaka
Uburyo bwo gutwara amashanyarazi (EC): "Ubucucike bw'imyunyu ngugu" mu butaka
Ikoresha amahame nka "time-domain reflectometry" (TDR) cyangwa "frequency-domain reflectometry" (FDR) kugira ngo imenye ubushuhe n'umunyu mu buryo butangiza binyuze mu miterere y'imiraba ya elegitoroniki mu butaka. Amakuru yoherezwa mu buryo nyabwo ku rubuga rw'ubuyobozi binyuze mu buryo bw'insinga cyangwa butarimo insinga, ishushanya "ikarita y'ibinyabuzima biri munsi y'ubutaka" itagaragara.
Gusobanura "Ururimi rw'ubuhinzi" rw'ibipimo bitatu by'ingenzi
Ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka: Imbunda y'ibanze y'ubuzima
Ni umubare urenze umwe gusa. Ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka buhamye bwa santimetero 5 z'ubujyakuzimu bunyura muri 12°C ni ikimenyetso nyacyo cyo gutera ibigori. Imizi y'imbuto z'inkeri ikora cyane kuri 15-22°C. Amakuru y'ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka mu gihe cy'itumba ashobora guhanura igipimo cyo kubaho kw'udukoko two munsi y'ubutaka mu gihe cy'itumba. Igenzura igipimo cyo kumera kw'imbuto, imikorere ya mikorobe n'ibora ry'intungamubiri, kandi ikora nk'igipimo nyacyo cya kalendari y'ubuhinzi.
2. Ubushuhe bw'ubutaka: "Ingano" hagati y'imikorere myiza n'amakimbirane
Mu mirima y’ibiti byo kuhira amazi yo muri Isirayeli, ibyuma bipima amazi bihindura amakuru y’amazi mo amabwiriza yo kuhira. Iyo ubushuhe bw’umuzi w’ibanze buri hagati ya santimetero 20 na 40 bugabanutse munsi y’umurongo wagenwe, sisitemu yongera amazi mu buryo bwikora ku rugero rwiza. Ibi ntibikiza gusa amazi arenga 30%, ahubwo ikiruta byose, bikuraho impaka gakondo za "uri kwiba amazi yanjye" - amakuru aba ari yo ngingo yonyine igenga ubutabera n’ubumenyi.
3. Uburyo amashanyarazi yo mu butaka atwara (EC): Ikarita itagaragara y'intungamubiri
Agaciro ka EC gashobora kugaragaza mu buryo butaziguye ingano yose y’umunyu ushongesha mu gishishwa cy’ubutaka. Iyo ari hejuru cyane, bivuze ko hari ibyago byo kongera umunyu kandi "bizatwika imizi". Iyo ari hasi cyane, bishobora guterwa n’intungamubiri zidahagije. Mu mirima minini i Heilongjiang, ikarita ikwirakwiza umunyu mu mirima yashushanyijwe n’ibikoresho bya EC iyobora inzira ikoreshwa mu gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda: ifumbire nke ya potasiyumu ikoreshwa mu turere dufite EC nyinshi, kandi inyongeramusaruro itangwa neza mu turere dufite EC nke, kugera ku ntego yo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire mu gihe cyo kongera umusaruro.
Agaciro k'ubufatanye: 1+1+1>3
Iyo amakuru y’ibyo bitatu ahujwe, haboneka ibitekerezo bishya:
Kwitegura indwara: Ubushuhe bwinshi buhoraho hamwe n'ubushyuhe bukwiye bituma biba ahantu ho kororokera indwara z'imizi. Uburyo bushobora gutanga imiburo hakiri kare.
Gukoresha neza ifumbire: Kumenya uko ubutaka buhagaze ni byo byonyine bishobora gutuma umuntu amenya igihe cyo gufumbira - gufumbira iyo amazi ari make biratwika, naho gufumbira iyo amazi ari menshi ni igihombo.
Guhangana n'imihangayiko: Ubushyuhe bwinshi + ubushyuhe buke = Imihangayiko y'ubushyuhe bw'ibihingwa; Ubushyuhe buke + ubushyuhe bwinshi = ibyago byo kubura amazi mu mizi. Ihuriro ry'ibikoresho bishobora gutanga inzogera vuba cyane.
Ibintu bifatika: Kuva ku buryo bunoze kugeza ku bwenge
Muri greenhouse: Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibidukikije ihuza na sensor. Iyo ibonye ko ubushyuhe bwa nijoro ari buke cyane kandi ubushuhe buri hejuru cyane, izahita itangira gushyushya no gukuraho ubushuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko downy mildew no kwirinda gutakaza ingufu icyarimwe.
Mu mirima igezweho: Urusobe rw'ibikoresho byo gupima ubutaka rukora ikarita zihindagurika zerekana imiterere y'ubutaka. Mu kuhira, ubujyakuzimu amazi anyuramo bushobora kugaragara neza, bigatuma amazi anyura neza nta gutonyanga cyane.
Mu mirima y’ibikomoka ku bimera: amakuru ya EC afasha gukurikirana uburyo ubutaka buhinduka n’uburyo bugenda bugabanuka, ayobora gutera ibihingwa bitwikiriye ubutaka n’igihe cyo gukoresha ifumbire y’ibimera, kandi akagera ku micungire myiza y’ibidukikije.
Imipaka y'ikoranabuhanga n'imbogamizi z'ejo hazaza
Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sensors byo muri iki gihe birimo kuba umuhanga, bikomeye kandi bifite imiterere myinshi:
Guhindura Node AI: Kubara mu buryo butaziguye igipimo cy'ibikenewe by'amazi ku nkengero, bitanga igisubizo cyihuse.
Udushya mu bikoresho: Irwanya cyane umunyu na alkali, ikwiriye gushyingurwa mu gihe kirekire.
Guhuza imikorere: Bimwe mu byuma bipima imikorere bifite agaciro ka pH cyangwa imikorere yo gupima ioni za azote, fosifore na potasiyumu, bigahinduka "laboratwari yo munsi y'ubutaka".
Ariko, imbogamizi ziracyahari: Ni gute twagera ku rwego rumwe rwo kwizerwa ku giciro gito? Ni gute twakora uburyo bwo gusobanura amakuru "bworoshye kuyakoresha" no kuyahindura mu buryo butaziguye itegeko ryoroshye nka "Amazi amasaha 2 ejo mu gitondo"?
Umwanzuro
Utwuma tw’ubutaka, "abahinduzi b’imiterere y’imizi" bacecetse, barimo guhindura "amakuru" y’urujijo mo "amakuru asobanutse", binjiza imicungire y’ubutaka mu gihe cy’"ubwitabire bw’imizi" bwite. Byatumye tubona ku nshuro ya mbere ko ibidukikije bito biri munsi ya buri santimetero y’ubutaka ari umwihariko kandi bihinduka.
Ntabwo byahinduye ingenzi ku mikurire y'ibimera, ahubwo byahinduye burundu uburyo twumva kandi tugashyigikira iyi mikurire. Mu gihe kizaza aho inzitizi z'umutungo zirushaho kuba nke, gusobanukirwa "amajwi" y'isi bishobora kuba intambwe ikomeye kuri twe kugira ngo dufatanye amasezerano mashya n'ibidukikije.
Gutekereza cyane: Ese igihe abahanga mu by'ubuhinzi batubwira ibyo buri gihingwa gikeneye, ubuhinzi buzahinduka burundu buve ku "gucunga ubutaka" bujye ku "gucunga ibimera"? Ese twiteguye kwakira amahame mashya y'ubuhinzi acukumbuye ariko ashingiye ku makuru?
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bijyanye n'ibipimo by'ubutaka,
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