Imiterere Nyayo y'Ikoreshwa ry'Ibipimo by'Indashyikirwa muri Kazakisitani

Kazakisitani, nk'igihugu gikomeye mu bukungu muri Aziya yo hagati, gikungahaye ku mutungo w'inganda n'ubuhinzi nka peteroli, gaze karemano, n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Mu nganda zo muri izi nzego, ibipimo by'urwego rwa radar bikoreshwa cyane bitewe nuko bipima neza cyane, bitagera aho bihurira, kandi birwanya ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko ukabije.

Dore ingero zitandukanye zisanzwe z’ikoreshwa ry’iyi porogaramu n’isesengura ry’imanza:

Ingingo ya 1: Inganda za peteroli na gaze – Igipimo cy'urwego rw'ububiko bw'amavuta mabi

• Aho biherereye: Imirima ya peteroli cyangwa inganda mu burengerazuba bwa Kazakisitani (urugero, uturere twa Atyrau cyangwa Mangystau).
• Icyitegererezo cy'uko ibintu bikoreshwa: Gucunga ububiko bw'amavuta ya peteroli mu bigega binini bifite ibisenge bihamye cyangwa ibisenge birebire.
• Imbogamizi:
  • Ibigega ni binini cyane, bisaba uburyo bwo gupima neza cyane kugira ngo umuntu yohereze ububiko bwe kandi abarwe mu bubiko.
  • Amavuta akozwe mu ifuro arahindagurika, bigatuma habaho umwuka mwinshi n'ifuro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bipimo gakondo by'urwego.
  • Ikirere kibi cyo hanze gifite ubushyuhe bukabije kuva ku bushyuhe bukabije kugeza ku bukonje bukabije.
• Igisubizo: Gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima uburebure bwa Radar (26 GHz) bwa Frequency Radar.
• Impamvu ibipimo by'urwego rwa Radar byatoranyijwe:
  • Igipimo kitajyanye n'aho ibintu bigeze: Imiraba ya radar yinjira mu mwuka n'ifuro byoroshye, igapima urwego rw'amazi nyayo mu buryo butaziguye, nta ngaruka iterwa no guhindura imiterere y'uburinganire.
  • Uburinganire bwo hejuru: Uburinganire bwo gupima ku rwego rwa milimetero bwujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo umwana yimurwe.
  • Gutuza no Kwizerwa: Nta bice byimuka, nta kintu na kimwe kidakoreshwa, kandi gishobora kwihanganira ikirere kibi cyo hanze cya Kazakisitani.
• Umusaruro: Habayeho igenzura rihoraho kandi ryimbitse ry’ingano y’ibigega by’amazi. Amakuru agezwa mu buryo butaziguye kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura, atanga amakuru yizewe yo gutegura gahunda y’umusaruro, ibaruramari ry’imari, n’amakuru y’umutekano.

Urugero rwa 2: Inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro n'ibyuma - Gupima amazi yangiza cyane

• Aho biherereye: Ibikoresho byo gushonga cyangwa ibyo gushonga mu Burasirazuba bwa Kazakisitani cyangwa mu karere ka Karaganda.
• Icyitegererezo cy'uko ibintu bikoreshwa: Gupima urwego rw'ibinyabutabire cyangwa alkaline (urugero: aside sulfurike, soda caustic) mu bigega by'amazi, ibyuma bitanga umwuka, cyangwa ibigega byo kubikamo.
• Imbogamizi:
  • Ibyuma byangiza cyane bishobora kwangiza ibyuma bipima imiterere y'ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga.
  • Iyi gahunda ibyara ivumbi, umwuka, no guhindagurika, bigatuma habaho ahantu hagoye ho gupima.
• Umuti: Gukoresha Radar Level Gauges hamwe na PTFE (Teflon) cyangwa antene za pulasitiki za PFA.
• Impamvu ibipimo by'urwego rwa Radar byatoranyijwe:
  • Ubudahangarwa ku Guturika: Antene zidasanzwe zo kurwanya Guturika no gufunga zirwanya ibitero by'ubumara.
  • Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Umurabyo w'amashanyarazi ugaragara cyane wirinda kubangamira inkuta z'ibigega n'umukungugu, ukibanda neza ku buso bw'amazi.
• Umusaruro: Byatumye habaho gupima mu buryo burambye ahantu hangiritse cyane, bishimangira ko ibikorwa bikomeza kandi bikagira umutekano, kandi bikagabanya igihe cyo kudakora neza giterwa no gucika kw'ibikoresho.

Ingingo ya 3: Ubuhinzi n'Inganda z'Ibiribwa – Igipimo cy'urwego rwa Silo

• Aho biherereye: Ibigega binini by'ibinyampeke mu turere two mu majyaruguru ya Kazakisitani twiza ibinyampeke (urugero, akarere ka Kostanay).
• Icyitegererezo cyo Gukoresha: Gukurikirana urwego rw'ingano nk'ingano na sayiri mu byumba by'uburoso.
• Imbogamizi:
  • Ivumbi ryinshi cyane mu byuma bicukura, rigatera ibyago byo guturika.
  • Guhindagurika gukabije kw'ivumbi mu gihe cyo kuzuza no gusohora ibintu bibangamira gupima.
  • Amakuru yizewe y’ububiko arakenewe mu gucunga no gucuruza.
• Igisubizo: Gukoresha Radar y'Ingufu Irinda Guturika cyangwa Irinda Guturika.
• Impamvu ibipimo by'urwego rwa Radar byatoranyijwe:
  • Icyemezo cyo Kurinda Ibiturika: Gifite icyemezo cya ATEX cyangwa IECEx gihamya ko gikorera mu mutekano mu kirere gishyuha cyane.
  • Kwinjira mu mukungugu: Imiraba ya radar ishobora kwinjira mu mukungugu idahungabanyijwe cyane.
  • Nta kwangirika kwa Mekanike: Nta bice byimuka bigomba kwangirika, bitandukanye n'ibipimo bya mekanike bya plumb-bob, bigatuma umuntu amara igihe kirekire.
• Umusaruro: Gucunga ububiko bw'ibinyampeke mu buryo bwikora. Abayobozi bashobora kugenzura ingano y'ibinyampeke mu buryo bwihuse, bikongera imikorere myiza n'umutekano.

Ingingo ya 4: Gutunganya amazi n'ibikoresho by'ingenzi – Gupima urwego rw'amazi n'ibigega by'amazi

• Aho biherereye: Inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye mu mijyi minini nka Almaty cyangwa Nur-Sultan.
• Icyitegererezo cyo Gukoresha: Gukurikirana urugero rw'amazi mu bigega by'umwuka, mu byuma bitanga umwuka, no mu bigega by'amazi meza.
• Imbogamizi:
  • Ahantu harangwa n'ubushuhe n'imyuka yangiza.
  • Kuzura kw'ubuso no gushoka kw'ifuro bishobora kubaho.
  • Hakenewe igenzura rihoraho rihendutse kandi ryizewe.
• Igisubizo: Gukoresha Radar y'amajwi ihendutse kandi ikoresha amashanyarazi make (6 GHz) cyangwa Radar y'amajwi ayobowe.
• Impamvu ibipimo by'urwego rwa Radar byatoranyijwe:
  • Guhindagurika cyane: Ntibishobora kwangirika ku ifuro, kuzura kw'ubuso, n'umwuka ushyushye, bigatuma habaho ibipimo bihamye.
  • Gusana Guke: Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gusimbuza amazi, nta bice byimuka bishobora kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika.
• Umusaruro: Hatanzwe ibimenyetso by'ingenzi byo gutunganya imikorere y'inganda (urugero: kugenzura ipompo, gukoresha imiti), kwemeza ko imikorere y'inganda ihamye kandi ikora neza.

Incamake

Gukoresha neza ibipimo by’urwego rwa radar muri Kazakisitani bigaragaza ubushobozi bwabyo budasanzwe bwo guhangana n’ikirere kibi, imiterere y’imikorere igoye, n’ibikoresho bisaba imbaraga nyinshi. Byaba ari ibyo kwimura ingufu, ibikoresho byangiza mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyangwa ibyo mu buhinzi bidaturika, ibipimo by’urwego rwa radar byabaye ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu kwihutisha no kurinda umutekano w’inganda, bikoresha inyungu zabyo mu ikoranabuhanga.

Izi manza kandi zigaragaza ko ibirango by’ikoranabuhanga bya radar byo mu Bushinwa no mu Burayi (urugero: VEGA, Siemens, E+H byo mu Burayi; Xi'an Dinghua, Guda Instrument byo mu Bushinwa) bifite isoko rinini muri Kazakisitani, bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu bya tekiniki mu iterambere ry’inganda z’igihugu.

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