Ubuhanga muri buri gitonyanga! Igipimo cy'imvura gikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umugese cyabaye "igikoresho cy'ubwenge" ku buhinzi ku isi

Intangiriro: Mu gihe cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikomeje kwiyongera, "ubuhinzi bushingiye ku kirere" bwabaye siyansi nyayo. Igikoresho gisa n’aho cyoroshye ariko cy’ingenzi cy’ubumenyi bw’ikirere—icyuma gipima imvura mu ndobo y’icyuma kitagira umugese—muri iki gihe kirimo gutera urusaku mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi. Kirimo kuva mu mfuruka itazwi cyane kijya ku nkengero z’umurima, kikaba intwari itaramenyekana mu kurinda umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku isi.

Igice cya 1: “Umurinzi ucecetse” mu murima

Igipimo cy'imvura cyo gupima indobo y'icyuma kitagira umugese si igitekerezo gishya rwose, ariko uburyo bwo kuyigiraho icyizere budasanzwe ni ukuyiha ubuzima bushya. Ihame ryayo ry'ingenzi ni iryoroshye ariko rifite ubuhanga: amazi y'imvura anyura mu gikoresho gikusanya amazi, agashyirwa mu "ndobo" yakozwe neza. Iyo amazi yakusanyijwe ageze ku gaciro kagenwe (urugero: 0.1mm cyangwa 0..2mm), indobo iragwa munsi y'uburemere bwayo, igasohora amazi mu mazi kandi icyarimwe igatera ikimenyetso cy'ikoranabuhanga.

Iyi gahunda ikomeza gusubirwamo. Mu kubara umubare w'inkombe, ibarura ingano y'imvura n'ubukana bwayo mu gihe nyacyo. Imiterere y'icyuma kitagira umugese irayiha kuramba cyane kugira ngo ishobore kwihanganira ibintu bikomeye byo hanze, bigatuma ikora neza mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi mu murima.

Igice cya 2: Kuki ari "Igezweho"? Kureba aho iherereye ku isi yose

Ukuntu iki gikoresho "gikomeye" gikunzwe cyane bituruka ku ikoreshwa ryacyo ku isi hose ndetse n'ingaruka zacyo zigaragara. Nubwo Ubushinwa bwubatse umuyoboro munini ku isi w’ibiro by’iteganyagihe byikora, raporo z’inganda zigaragaza ko ibi bihugu ari "uturere twa mbere" tw’iri koranabuhanga:

• Amerika ya Ruguru (Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada): Ku mirima minini ikoresha imashini nyinshi kandi ikoresha ikoranabuhanga, ibi bipimo by'imvura ni "isoko y'amakuru" y'ingenzi mu buhinzi bunoze, bitanga amakuru y'ingenzi mu gihe cyo kuhira.
• Uburayi (urugero, Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubuholandi): Bikoreshwa mu buhinzi bwimbitse no mu bihingwa byihariye nk'imizabibu, bigenzura ikirere gito kugira ngo bifashe mu gucunga neza amazi no gutanga umusaruro mwiza.
• Ubuyapani na Ositaraliya: Ubuyapani bukoresha aba bantu mu gutanga uburinzi ku myuzure no gucunga neza ubutaka bw'ubuhinzi; Ositaraliya ikoresha cyane mu turere tw'ubuhinzi bw'ibimera mu rwego rwo gukurikirana imvura neza no kurwanya ibibazo by'amapfa.

Ihuriro ry’ibi bihugu ni irihe? Ingufu z’ubuhinzi zigezweho cyane kandi zigamije gukomeza gucunga ingaruka no kubyaza umusaruro umusaruro.

Igice cya 3: Ingaruka zayo ku buhinzi

Ingaruka zayo zirenze kure "gupima imvura" gusa. Irahindura cyane ibice bitandukanye by'imicungire y'ubuhinzi:

1. 【Kuhira neza, Gusimbuza Gutekereza】
   Kuhira mu buryo bwa gakondo akenshi bishingiye ku bunararibonye, ​​bigatuma amazi apfa ubusa. Ubu, bitewe n'amakuru nyayo aturuka ku gipimo cy'imvura, abahinzi bazi nezaimvura yaguye mu murima ingana iki?Ibi bituma bashobora kubigereranya neza n'amazi akenewe mu bihingwa, bigatuma kuhira igihe bikenewe. Amazi ashobora kuzigama kugeza kuri 30%—umutungo w'ingenzi mu myaka y'amapfa.
2. 【Kwirinda Ibiza, Kubaka "Uburyo bwo Kwirinda Ibiza mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga"】
   Imvura nyinshi kandi imara igihe gito ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma amazi agwa. Igipimo cy'imvura gipima imvura mu buryo bw'icyuma kidapfuka amazi gifata impinduka mu buryo bw'imvura mu gihe nyacyo. Mbere y'uko imvura igwa cyane, uburyo bwayo bwo kuburira bushobora guha abahinzi umwanya w'agaciro wo gusubiza—haba mu kurekura amazi mu miyoboro cyangwa mu migozi—bikagabanya ibyago byo gutakaza umusaruro.
3. 【Ibyemezo by'ubwenge, ubuhinzi bushingiye ku makuru】
   Amakuru y’imvura y’igihe kirekire atanga "umutungo w’ikoranabuhanga" w’agaciro ku murima. Abahanga mu by’ubuhinzi bashobora kubikoresha mu gusesengura imiterere y’imvura, bagafasha abahinzi kunoza uburyo bwo guhitamo ibihingwa, guhitamo ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibihingwa birwanya imyuzure cyangwa amapfa, no gushyiraho gahunda ya siyansi yo gufumbira no gutera imiti kugira ngo intungamubiri zidatwarwa n’amazi, amaherezo bikongera ubushobozi no kugabanya ikiguzi.

Impuguke mu byo gukora: Umuhinzi wo mu Burengerazuba bwo Hagati muri Amerika yavuze mu kiganiro yagize ati: “Utu 'tubarindi duto' tw’icyuma ni abashinzwe gushakisha amakuru mu murima wanjye. Ntibambwira gusaifimvura yaraguye, arikoangahenambega ukuntu bigoye, bityo reroicyo ngomba gukora gikurikirahoIbyo bigira ingaruka ku musaruro wanjye muri uyu mwaka.

Umwanzuro: Impinduka kuva ku bipimo ngenderwaho bishingiye ku bunararibonye kugera ku buyobozi buhamye, bushingiye ku makuru, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'igipimo cy'imvura cya "stainless steel tipping bucket", ni ishusho y'intambwe y'ubuhinzi ku isi bugana ku bwenge no ku buryo bunonosoye. Bushobora kutagira isura igaragara neza, ariko mu buryo bworoshye, burimo kubaka umurongo ukomeye w'ikoranabuhanga wo kurinda umutekano w'ibiribwa ku isi. Uko bugenda burushaho kwinjizwa mu ikoranabuhanga rya IoT, agaciro kabwo kazakomeza kwiyongera.

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