Nkigihugu cy’ibirwa, Filipine ihura n’ibibazo byinshi mu micungire y’amazi, harimo kwanduza amazi yo kunywa, uburabyo bwa algal, no kwangirika kw’amazi nyuma y’ibiza. Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya sensor, ibyuma byangiza amazi byagize uruhare runini mu kugenzura ibidukikije n’amazi mu gihugu. Iyi ngingo irasesengura buri gihe ibibazo bifatika byerekana ibyuma bifata ibyuma byangiza muri Filipine, harimo n’imikoreshereze yihariye yo kugenzura ibihingwa bitunganya amazi, imicungire y’imisozi y’ibiyaga, gutunganya amazi y’amazi, hamwe n’ibiza byihutirwa. Irasobanura ingaruka zikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga ku micungire y’amazi, ubuzima rusange, kurengera ibidukikije, n’iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Philippines, inagaragaza imigendekere n’ibibazo biri imbere. Mugusubiramo ubunararibonye bufatika bwa progaramu ya sensoritif ikoreshwa muri Philippines, hashobora gutangwa izindi ngingo zindi bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere mugukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi.
Amavu n'amavuko yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi muri Philippines
Filipine, igihugu cy’ibirwa byo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya kigizwe n’ibirwa birenga 7000, gihura n’ibibazo bidasanzwe byo gucunga umutungo w’amazi kubera imiterere y’imiterere yacyo. Ugereranyije buri mwaka imvura igera kuri mm 2,348, igihugu gifite amazi menshi. Nyamara, gukwirakwiza kutaringaniye, ibikorwa remezo bidahagije, n’ibibazo by’umwanda bikabije bituma abaturage benshi batabona amazi meza. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima rivuga ko Abanyafilipine bagera kuri miliyoni 8 babura amazi meza yo kunywa, bigatuma ubwiza bw’amazi ari ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange.
Ibibazo by’amazi muri Filipine bigaragarira cyane cyane muburyo bukurikira: umwanda ukabije w’amazi, cyane cyane mu bice bituwe cyane nka Metro Manila, aho amazi y’inganda, imyanda yo mu ngo, n’amazi y’ubuhinzi biganisha kuri eutrophasi; algal ikunze kumera mumazi manini nkikiyaga cya Laguna, kidatanga impumuro mbi gusa ahubwo kirekura uburozi bwangiza bwa algal; umwanda ukabije w’icyuma mu turere tw’inganda, hamwe na kadmium (Cd), isasu (Pb), n’umuringa (Cu) byagaragaye mu kigobe cya Manila; na nyuma y’ibiza kwangirika kw’amazi kubera inkubi y'umuyaga hamwe n’umwuzure.
Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi buhura n’inzitizi nyinshi zishyirwa mu bikorwa muri Filipine: isesengura rya laboratoire rirahenze kandi ritwara igihe, bigatuma gukurikirana igihe nyacyo bigorana; intoki ntangarugero zibujijwe n’imiterere y’igihugu igoye, hasigara uturere twinshi twa kure; no gucamo ibice gucunga amakuru mubigo bitandukanye bidindiza isesengura ryuzuye. Izi ngingo hamwe zibangamira igisubizo cyiza kubibazo byubuziranenge bwamazi.
Kuruhande rwinyuma, ibyuma byamazi byamazi byiyongereye nkibikoresho bikora neza, mugihe gikwiye. Guhindagurika, ikintu cyingenzi cyerekana uduce duto twahagaritswe mumazi, ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumiterere yuburanga bwamazi gusa ahubwo bifitanye isano rya bugufi no kuba hari indwara ziterwa na virusi hamwe nubushakashatsi bw’imyanda ihumanya. Ibyuma bya kijyambere bigezweho bikurikiza ihame ryumucyo utatanye: iyo urumuri rumuri runyuze mu cyitegererezo cy’amazi, ibice byahagaritswe bikwirakwiza urumuri, kandi sensor igapima ubukana bwurumuri rutatanye rutandukanijwe nurumuri rwabaye, ukabigereranya nagaciro kerekana imbere kugirango hamenyekane akajagari. Iri koranabuhanga ritanga ibipimo byihuse, ibisubizo nyabyo, hamwe nubushobozi buhoraho bwo gukurikirana, bigatuma bikenerwa cyane cyane n’amazi yo muri Filipine akurikirana.
Iterambere ryagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga rya IoT hamwe n’imiyoboro ya sensor ya sensor yaguye uburyo bwo gukoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma byangiza muri Filipine, kuva mu gukurikirana ibihingwa bisanzwe bitunganya amazi kugeza ku micungire y’ikiyaga, gutunganya amazi y’amazi, no gutabara byihutirwa. Ibi bishya bihindura uburyo bwo gucunga neza amazi, bitanga ibisubizo bishya kubibazo bimaze igihe.
Ikoranabuhanga Incamake ya Sensors ya Turbidity hamwe nuburyo bukwiye muri Philippines
Ibyuma byangiza, nkibikoresho byingenzi mugukurikirana ubuziranenge bw’amazi, bishingikiriza ku mahame ya tekiniki n'ibiranga imikorere kugira ngo bizere kwizerwa mu bidukikije bigoye. Ibyuma bya kijyambere bigezweho bikoresha cyane cyane amahame yo gupima optique, harimo urumuri rutatanye, urumuri rwandujwe, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugereranya, hamwe nurumuri rutatanye arirwo buhanga rusange kubera ubuhanga bwarwo kandi butajegajega. Iyo urumuri rumuri runyuze mu cyitegererezo cy’amazi, ibice byahagaritswe bikwirakwiza urumuri, kandi sensor ikamenya ubukana bwurumuri rutatanye ku nguni yihariye (ubusanzwe 90 °) kugirango hamenyekane umuvurungano. Ubu buryo bwo gupima budahuza bwirinda kwanduza electrode, bigatuma bukurikiranwa igihe kirekire kumurongo.
Ibikorwa byingenzi byingenzi byerekana ibyuma bifata ibyuka birimo ibipimo byo gupima (mubisanzwe 0-2,000 NTU cyangwa mugari), gukemura (kugeza kuri 0.1 NTU), ubunyangamugayo (± 1% –5%), igihe cyo gusubiza, intera yubushyuhe, hamwe nurwego rwo kurinda. Mu bihe byo mu turere dushyuha two muri Filipine, kurwanya ibidukikije ni ngombwa cyane cyane, harimo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (urugero rwa 0-50 ° C), urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwirinda (IP68 itagira amazi), hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ibinyabuzima. Ibyuma bihanitse biheruka kandi bikubiyemo ibikorwa byogusukura byikora ukoresheje amashanyarazi ya mashini cyangwa tekinoroji ya ultrasonic kugirango ugabanye inshuro zo kubungabunga.
Ibyuma byangiza ibidukikije bikwiranye na Filipine kubera imiterere myinshi yo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere: amazi y’iki gihugu akunze kwerekana imivurungano myinshi, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imvura iyo amazi atemba yiyongereye, bigatuma gukurikirana igihe nyacyo ari ngombwa; amashanyarazi adahungabana mu turere twa kure akemurwa na sensor nkeya (<0.5 W) ishobora gukora ku mirasire y'izuba; na geografiya ya archipelago ituma protocole y'itumanaho ridafite insinga (urugero, RS485 Modbus / RTU, LoRaWAN) nziza yo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro ikurikirana.
Muri Filipine, ibyuma bifata ibyuka bihujwe nibindi bipimo byubwiza bwamazi kugirango habeho sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwamazi. Ibipimo bisanzwe birimo pH, ogisijeni yashonze (DO), ubwikorezi, ubushyuhe, na azote ya amoniya, hamwe hamwe bitanga isuzuma ryuzuye ryamazi. Kurugero, mugukurikirana algae, guhuza amakuru yimyanda hamwe na chlorophyll fluorescence indangagaciro zitezimbere uburabyo bwa algal; mu gutunganya amazi mabi, ububobere hamwe na ogisijeni ikenerwa (COD) isesengura rifitanye isano na gahunda yo gutunganya. Ubu buryo bukomatanyije butezimbere kugenzura no kugabanya ibiciro byoherejwe muri rusange.
Inzira zikoranabuhanga zerekana ko porogaramu zikoreshwa muri Filipine zigenda zerekeza kuri sisitemu yubwenge kandi ihujwe. Ibisekuru bishya-byinjizamo ibice byo kubara amakuru yambere hamwe no gutahura anomaly, mugihe ibicu bibicu bituma amakuru ya kure yinjira no kugabana hakoreshejwe PC nibikoresho bigendanwa. Kurugero, Izuba Rirashe rya Smart Cloud ryemerera 24/7 kugenzura no kubika ibicu, bigafasha abakoresha kubona amakuru yamateka badafite umurongo uhoraho. Iterambere ritanga ibikoresho bikomeye byo gucunga umutungo wamazi, cyane cyane mugukemura ibibazo bitunguranye byamazi no gusesengura igihe kirekire.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-20-2025