Plastike Gutanga Indobo Imvura Gauges Ihinduke "Impera Yumutima" ya Global Hydrological Monitoring Network, Ifasha Kurwanya Imvura Ikabije

[Imipaka muri Global Hydrological Monitoring] Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ibihe by’imvura ikabije bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi, igikoresho gisa nkicyoroshye ariko gikomeye - igipimo cy’imvura y’indobo ya plastike - kirimo gukoreshwa n’ubucucike butigeze bubaho ku isi hose, kikaba ari “impera y’imitsi” y’urusobe rukurikirana hydrologiya ku isi. Kuva mu bihe by'imvura yo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya kugeza ibihe by'ibihuhusi muri Amerika, ibi bikoresho byo gukurikirana imvura bikozwe muri plastiki yubuhanga buhanitse bitanga amakuru yingenzi mugihe nyacyo cyo gukumira no kugabanya ibiza, gucunga umutungo w’amazi, n’ubushakashatsi bw’ikirere.

Kwiyongera Kubisabwa: Aziya y Amajyepfo yAmajyepfo, Aziya yepfo nkibisabwa, Ubushinwa bukora ibicuruzwa byerekana inyungu

Nubwo nta rutonde rwihariye rw’ibihugu rusabwa, raporo z’inganda n’amakuru yatanzwe byerekana ko mu myaka yashize, icyifuzo cy’ibipimo by’imvura y’indobo cyibanze cyane muri Aziya y’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba (urugero, Indoneziya, Filipine, Tayilande) na Aziya yepfo (urugero, Ubuhinde, Bangladesh). Utu turere dutuwe cyane, ubuhinzi bwabo bushingiye cyane ku mvura, kandi bwugarijwe n’iterabwoba ry’umwuzure, bituma hakenerwa cyane ibikoresho byo kugenzura imvura bihendutse, byizewe cyane, kandi byoroshye gukoreshwa.

Muri iki cyifuzo cyisi yose, "Made in China" igira uruhare runini. Uruganda rukora neza mu bucuruzi bw’inganda mu Bushinwa rushobora gukora igipimo cy’imvura cy’indobo gifite igipimo cyiza kandi gihamye ku isoko, ibyo bikaba bikenewe ku isi hose, cyane cyane mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere.

Isesengura rya tekiniki: Kuki guhuza neza kwa "Plastike" na "Gutanga Indobo"?

Ibipimo by'imvura gakondo byakorwaga mubyuma cyangwa ibirahure, birakomeye ariko bihenze, biremereye, kandi bikunda kwangirika. Intsinzi ya plastike yerekana indobo yimvura iri mubishushanyo mbonera byayo no guhitamo ibikoresho:

• Kurwanya ruswa no koroshya: Ukoresheje plastike yubuhanga ikora cyane nka ABS cyangwa polyakarubone, irashobora kurwanya ruswa ahantu hatandukanye h’ikirere kandi haremereye cyane, byorohereza kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga ahantu hitaruye.
• Automation na Real-Time Ubushobozi: Ikintu cyibanze ni "indobo." Igihe cyose ikusanyije urugero rwimvura (urugero, 0.1 mm cyangwa 0.2 mm), indobo ihita itanga inama, itera ikimenyetso cyamashanyarazi. Iki kimenyetso gishobora koherezwa mugihe nyacyo kubigo byamakuru hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ryifashishije insinga cyangwa insinga (urugero, 4G / 5G, LoRa, NB-IoT), kugera ku ikusanyamakuru ryikora no kohereza amakuru yimvura kure, guhindura muburyo busanzwe bwo gusoma intoki.
• Gufata ibyemezo-bifata ibyemezo: Mubibaya byumugezi wa Ganges mubuhinde, imiyoboro yimvura ikoreshwa cyane itanga amakuru yimvura kumunota wa sisitemu yo kuburira imyuzure, igura igihe cyagaciro cyo kwimura imigi yo hepfo. Mu turere tw’imisozi ya Filipine, amakuru yimvura nyayo ni ishingiro ryingenzi ryo gutanga imburi z’ibiza.

Ikoreshwa rya Porogaramu: Kuva mu micungire y’amazi yo mu mijyi kugeza ubuhinzi bwubwenge

Ikoreshwa rya pulasitike yerekana indobo igipimo cyimvura cyarenze kure cyane ikirere cy’ikirere kandi kigenda cyiyongera mu mirima rusange y’imibereho:

1. Imijyi ifite ubwenge no kurwanya umwuzure: Gushyira ibipimo by'imvura ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’umwuzure n’ahantu h’ingenzi h’urusobe rw’amazi bishobora kugenzura ubukana bw’imvura y’imvura mu gihe gikwiye, bigatanga ishingiro ry’ibyemezo by’amazi meza yo mu mijyi kandi bigafasha gukora sitasiyo ya pompe yubwenge no gucunga neza ibinyabiziga.
2. Imicungire y’ubuhinzi n’amazi meza: Ku mirima minini, guhuza amakuru yimvura namakuru yubushyuhe bwubutaka bifasha abahinzi gutegura neza gahunda yo kuhira, kubungabunga umutungo wamazi. Kurwego rwamazi, aya makuru niyo shingiro rya siyansi yo guteganya ibigega no gutanga amazi.
3. Ubushakashatsi bw’ikirere n’ubwubatsi bw’ibikorwa remezo: Amakuru y’igihe kirekire, menshi y’imvura afite agaciro ku bahanga biga impinduka z’imiterere y’imvura mu gihe cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi ni igitabo cy’ingenzi mu kuvugurura ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ibikorwa remezo bikomeye nk'ikiraro n'ingomero.

Ibihe bizaza: Kwishyira hamwe muri IoT, Kubaka Urusobe rwuzuye "Umwanya-Ijuru-Ikibanza"

Inzobere mu nganda zerekana ko igipimo cy’imvura kizaza mu ndobo kitazaba gusa sensor yigenga ahubwo ko kizarushaho guhuza ingufu z’izuba, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kubara, no gukoresha ingufu nke, bigahinduka ihuriro muri interineti nini y’ibintu (IoT). Hamwe na radar yimiterere yikirere hamwe nogukurikirana kure, bazakora umuyoboro uhuriweho nogukurikirana imvura "Umwanya-Sky-Ground", utange serivise zisobanutse kandi mugihe cyo guhangana nikirere kigenda gihinduka.

Mu gihe isi yose yibanda ku bushobozi bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikomeje kwiyongera, ubwaguke n’ubujyakuzimu bw’iki gipimo gito cy’imvura ya pulasitike, ibuye rikomeza imfuruka yo kugenzura hydrologiya, biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kwaguka.