Mu iteganyagihe no gukurikirana ibidukikije, ni ngombwa kubona amakuru nyayo kandi ku gihe. Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, sitasiyo nyinshi zubumenyi bwikirere zikoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata amajwi hamwe na protocole y'itumanaho kugirango tunoze imikorere yo gukusanya amakuru no kohereza. Muri byo, protokole ya SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface kuri 1200 baud) yabaye ihitamo rikomeye mubijyanye na meteorologiya kubera ubworoherane, guhinduka no gukora neza.
1. Ibiranga protocole ya SDI-12
SDI-12 ni protocole y'itumanaho ikurikirana ya sensororo nkeya, ikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye zo gukurikirana ibidukikije. Porotokole ifite ibintu by'ingenzi bikurikira:
Igishushanyo mbonera gike: Porotokole ya SDI-12 yemerera sensor kwinjira muburyo bwo gusinzira mugihe idakora, bityo bikagabanya gukoresha ingufu kandi bikwiranye nibikoresho bikoresha bateri.
Inkunga ya Multi-sensor: Senseri zigera kuri 62 zirashobora guhuzwa na bisi ya SDI-12, kandi amakuru ya buri sensor arashobora kumenyekana na aderesi idasanzwe, bigatuma kubaka sisitemu byoroha.
Biroroshye guhuza: Igipimo cya protocole ya SDI-12 yemerera sensor kuva mubakora inganda zitandukanye gukora muri sisitemu imwe, kandi guhuza hamwe nuwakusanyije amakuru biroroshye.
Ihererekanyamakuru rihamye: SDI-12 yohereza amakuru binyuze mu mibare 12-bit, yemeza ko amakuru ari ukuri kandi yizewe.
2. Ibigize SDI-12 isohoka ikirere
Ikirere gishingiye kuri protocole ya SDI-12 ubusanzwe igizwe n'ibice bikurikira:
Sensor: Ikintu cyingenzi cyingenzi cyikirere, gikusanya amakuru yubumenyi bwikirere binyuze mu byuma bitandukanye, harimo ibyuma byubushyuhe, ibyuma by’ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’umuyaga hamwe n’icyerekezo, imvura igwa, n'ibindi.
Ikusanyamakuru: Ashinzwe kwakira amakuru ya sensor no kuyitunganya. Ikusanyamakuru ryohereza ibyifuzo kuri buri sensor binyuze muri protocole ya SDI-12 kandi yakira amakuru yasubijwe.
Igice cyo kubika amakuru: Ikusanyamakuru ryakusanyirijwe mububiko bwibikoresho byaho, nkikarita ya SD, cyangwa bigashyirwa kuri seriveri igicu hifashishijwe umuyoboro udafite umugozi wo kubika no gusesengura igihe kirekire.
Module yohereza amakuru: Sitasiyo nyinshi zigezweho zifite ibikoresho byogukwirakwiza bidafite umugozi, nka GPRS, LoRa cyangwa Wi-Fi, kugirango byoroherezwe amakuru mugihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura kure.
Imicungire y’ingufu: Kugirango hamenyekane imikorere yigihe kirekire yimiterere yikirere, hakoreshwa ibisubizo byingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkizuba hamwe na batiri ya lithium.
3. Gusaba ibintu bya SDI-12 yikirere
Ikirere cya SDI-12 gisohoka ikirere gikoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi, harimo:
Igenzura ry’iteganyagihe ry’ubuhinzi: Sitasiyo y’ikirere irashobora gutanga amakuru y’ikirere ku gihe cy’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi kandi igafasha abahinzi gufata ibyemezo bya siyansi.
Gukurikirana ibidukikije: Mu gukurikirana ibidukikije no kurengera ibidukikije, sitasiyo z’ikirere zishobora gufasha gukurikirana imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’ubuziranenge bw’ikirere.
Igenzura rya Hydrologiya: Sitasiyo yubumenyi bw’ikirere irashobora gukurikirana imvura n’ubushyuhe bw’ubutaka, bigatanga inkunga yo gucunga umutungo w’amazi no gukumira imyuzure no kugabanya ibiza.
Ubushakashatsi bw’ikirere: Ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bifashisha sitasiyo y’ikirere ya SDI-12 mu gukusanya amakuru y’ikirere igihe kirekire no gukora ubushakashatsi bw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
4. Imanza zifatika
Ikiburanwa 1: Ikigo gishinzwe gukurikirana ibijyanye n’iteganyagihe mu Bushinwa
Mu gace k’ubuhinzi mu Bushinwa, hubatswe gahunda yo gukurikirana ibijyanye n’iteganyagihe hifashishijwe ubuhinzi bwa SDI-12. Sisitemu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukurikirana imiterere yubumenyi bukenewe kugirango ikura ryibihingwa. Ikirere gifite ibikoresho bya sensor zitandukanye nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko wumuyaga, imvura, nibindi, bihujwe no gukusanya amakuru binyuze muri protocole ya SDI-12.
Ingaruka zo gusaba: Mugihe gikomeye cyo gukura kwibihingwa, abahinzi barashobora kubona amakuru yubumenyi bwikirere mugihe cyamazi namazi hanyuma bagafumbira mugihe. Ubu buryo bwazamuye umusaruro w’ibihingwa n’ubuziranenge, kandi abahinzi binjiza hafi 20%. Binyuze mu isesengura ryamakuru, abahinzi barashobora kandi gutegura neza ibikorwa byubuhinzi no kugabanya imyanda.
Urubanza 2: Umushinga wo gukurikirana ibidukikije mu mijyi
Mu mujyi wo muri Filipine, ubuyobozi bw’ibanze bwohereje urukurikirane rw’ikirere cya SDI-12 kugira ngo rukurikirane ibidukikije, cyane cyane hagamijwe gukurikirana ikirere n’ikirere. Ibihe byikirere bifite imirimo ikurikira:
Sensor ikurikirana ibipimo byibidukikije nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko wumuyaga, PM2.5, PM10, nibindi.
Amakuru yoherejwe mu kigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibidukikije mu mujyi mugihe nyacyo akoresheje protocole ya SDI-12.
Ingaruka zo gusaba: Mu gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru, abayobozi b'umugi barashobora gufata ingamba ku gihe kugira ngo bahangane n'ibihe bikabije by'ikirere nk'umwijima n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Abanyagihugu barashobora kandi kubona amakuru yubumenyi bwikirere hamwe nikirere mugihe gikwiye bakoresheje porogaramu za terefone igendanwa, kugirango bahindure gahunda zabo zingendo kandi barinde ubuzima bwabo.
Ikiburanwa cya 3: Sisitemu yo gukurikirana Hydrologiya
Mu mushinga wo gukurikirana hydrologiya mu kibaya cy’umugezi, protocole ya SDI-12 ikoreshwa mu gucunga no kugenzura imigezi y’inzuzi, imvura n’ubushyuhe bw’ubutaka. Umushinga washyizeho sitasiyo nyinshi zubumenyi bwikirere kugirango ukurikirane igihe nyacyo ahantu hatandukanye.
Ingaruka zo gusaba: Itsinda ryumushinga ryashoboye guhanura ingaruka z’umwuzure mu gusesengura aya makuru no gutanga umuburo hakiri kare ku baturage baturanye. Mugukorana ninzego zibanze, sisitemu yagabanije neza igihombo cyubukungu cyatewe numwuzure kandi inoza ubushobozi bwo gucunga umutungo wamazi.
Umwanzuro
Hamwe nogukomeza gutera imbere mubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, ikoreshwa rya protokole ya SDI-12 muri sitasiyo yikirere ryarushijeho kuba rusange. Igishushanyo cyacyo gike, inkunga-sensor nyinshi hamwe nibiranga ihererekanyabubasha bitanga amakuru mashya nibisubizo byo gukurikirana ikirere. Mu bihe biri imbere, sitasiyo y’ikirere ishingiye kuri SDI-12 izakomeza gutera imbere no gutanga inkunga nyayo kandi yizewe yo gukurikirana ikirere mu nganda zitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-16-2025