Mu gihe inganda z’amafi ku isi zikomeje kwaguka, ingero z’ubuhinzi gakondo zihura n’ibibazo byinshi birimo imicungire y’amazi adahwitse, kugenzura umwuka wa ogisijeni udahwitse, hamwe n’ingaruka nyinshi z’ubuhinzi. Ni muri urwo rwego, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya ogisijeni byashizwe ku mahame ya optique byagaragaye, bigenda bisimbuza buhoro buhoro ibyuma bya elegitoroniki y’amashanyarazi n’inyungu zabo zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, gukora neza, no kugenzura igihe, bigahinduka ibikoresho by’ibanze mu burobyi bwa kijyambere. Iyi ngingo itanga isesengura ryimbitse ryerekana uburyo ibyuma bya ogisijeni ya elegitoronike yashonze ikemura ibibazo bibabaza inganda binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ikerekana imikorere yabo myiza mu kuzamura umusaruro w’ubuhinzi no kugabanya ingaruka binyuze mu bikorwa bifatika, ikanagaragaza icyerekezo kinini cy’ikoranabuhanga mu guteza imbere ubwenge bw’ubuhinzi bw’amafi.
Inganda zibabaza inganda: Imipaka yuburyo bwa gakondo bwa Oxygene ikurikirana
Inganda z’amafi zimaze igihe kinini zihura n’ibibazo bikomeye mu kugenzura umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga, bigira ingaruka ku buhinzi n’inyungu z’ubukungu. Mu buryo bwo guhinga gakondo, abahinzi ubusanzwe bashingira ku kugenzura ibyuzi by’intoki n'uburambe kugira ngo basuzume urugero rwa ogisijeni yashonze mu mazi, ubwo buryo bukaba budakora neza ariko kandi bukagira n'ubukererwe bukabije. Abahinzi b'inararibonye barashobora gusuzuma indwara ya hypoxia mu buryo butaziguye bakurikiranira hafi imyitwarire y’amafi cyangwa impinduka mu buryo bwo kugaburira, ariko mugihe ibi bimenyetso bigaragara, igihombo kidasubirwaho kimaze kuba. Imibare y’inganda yerekana ko mu mirima gakondo idafite gahunda yo kugenzura ubwenge, impfu z’amafi kubera hypoxia zishobora kugera kuri 5%.
Amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki yamenetse ya ogisijeni, nk'abahagarariye ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ibisekuruza byabanjirije, barushijeho kunoza igenzura ku rugero runaka ariko baracyafite aho bagarukira. Ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma bisaba gusimburwa kenshi na electrolyte, bikavamo amafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga. Byongeye kandi, bafite ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango umuvuduko wamazi utemba, kandi gupima mumazi ahamye bikunze kugoreka. Ikirushijeho kunenga, ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi bigira ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso mugihe cyo gukoresha igihe kirekire kandi bigasaba kalibrasi buri gihe kugirango amakuru yukuri, ashyireho umutwaro winyongera kubuyobozi bwa buri munsi.
Guhindura ubwiza bw’amazi mu buryo butunguranye ni "abicanyi batagaragara" mu bworozi bw’amafi, kandi ihindagurika rikabije rya ogisijeni ikunze kuba ibimenyetso byerekana ko amazi yangiritse. Mugihe cyizuba cyangwa ihindagurika ryikirere gitunguranye, urugero rwa ogisijeni yashonze mumazi irashobora kugabanuka cyane mugihe gito, bigatuma bigora uburyo gakondo bwo gukurikirana gufata izo mpinduka mugihe. Urubanza rusanzwe rwabereye mu kigo cy’amafi cy’amafi cya Baitan kiri mu Mujyi wa Huanggang, mu Ntara ya Hubei: kubera kunanirwa gutahura bidatinze urugero rwa ogisijeni yashonze bidasanzwe, ikintu gitunguranye cya hypoxic cyateje igihombo hafi ya hegitari nyinshi z’ibidendezi by’amafi, bituma igihombo cy’ubukungu kirenga miliyoni imwe. Ibintu nkibi bibaho kenshi mugihugu hose, bikagaragaza intege nke zuburyo gakondo bwo gukurikirana ogisijeni yashonze.
Guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umwuka wa ogisijeni ntukiri mu kuzamura umusaruro w'ubuhinzi gusa ahubwo ni n'iterambere rirambye ry'inganda zose. Mu gihe ubwinshi bw’ubuhinzi bukomeje kwiyongera kandi n’ibidukikije bikarushaho gukomera, inganda zikenera tekinoroji nyayo, mu gihe gikwiye, no kubungabunga ibidukikije ikoranabuhanga rya ogisijeni yashonze iragenda yihutirwa. Ni muri urwo rwego, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya ogisijeni bya optique byashonze, hamwe n’inyungu zidasanzwe za tekiniki, byinjiye buhoro buhoro mu nganda z’ubuhinzi bw’amafi mu iyerekwa maze bitangira guhindura uburyo bw’inganda mu micungire y’amazi.
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga: Amahame y'akazi hamwe ninyungu zingenzi za Optical Sensors
Tekinoroji yibanze ya optique ya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike ishingiye ku ihame ryo kuzimya fluorescence, uburyo bushya bwo gupima bwahinduye burundu igenzura rya ogisijeni gakondo yashonze. Iyo itara ry'ubururu ryasohowe na sensor irasa ibintu bidasanzwe bya fluorescent, ibikoresho birishima kandi bitanga urumuri rutukura. Molekile ya Oxygene ifite ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gutwara ingufu (zitanga ingaruka zo kuzimya), bityo ubukana nigihe cyumucyo utukura wasohotse ugereranije nubunini bwa molekile ya ogisijeni mumazi. Mugupima neza itandukaniro ryicyiciro hagati yumucyo utukura wishimye numucyo werekana kandi ukabigereranya nagaciro kerekana imbere, sensor irashobora kubara neza imyuka ya ogisijeni yashonze mumazi. Iyi mikorere yumubiri ntabwo irimo reaction yimiti, wirinda ibibi byinshi byuburyo bwa gakondo bwa mashanyarazi.
Ugereranije na sensor gakondo ya electrochemic, sensor optique ya elegitoronike yashonze yerekana ibyiza bya tekiniki. Iya mbere ni ibintu bitarimo ogisijeni biranga, bivuze ko nta bisabwa bidasanzwe bafite ku muvuduko w’amazi cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije, bigatuma bikenerwa ahantu hatandukanye ho guhinga - haba ibyuzi bihamye cyangwa ibigega bitemba bishobora gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo byo gupima. Iya kabiri nigikorwa cyiza cyo gupima: ibisekuru bigezweho bya optique irashobora kugera kubisubizo bitarenze amasegonda 30 hamwe nukuri kwa ± 0.1 mg / L, bikabafasha gufata impinduka zoroshye muri ogisijeni yashonze. Byongeye kandi, ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma byerekana amashanyarazi yagutse (DC 10-30V) kandi bifite ibikoresho byitumanaho RS485 bishyigikira protocole ya MODBUS RTU, bigatuma byoroha kwinjiza muri sisitemu zitandukanye zo gukurikirana.
Igikorwa cyigihe kirekire cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije ni kimwe mu bintu bizwi cyane mu byuma bya ogisijeni ya optique yashonze mu bahinzi. Imashini gakondo zikoresha amashanyarazi zisaba membrane isanzwe hamwe na electrolyte isimburwa, mugihe ibyuma bya optique bikuraho burundu ibyo bikoresha, hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi burenze umwaka, bikagabanya cyane amafaranga yo kubungabunga buri munsi nakazi kakazi. Umuyobozi wa tekinike mu kigo kinini cy’ubuhinzi bw’amafi kizenguruka muri Shandong yagize ati: “Kuva aho twimukiye mu byuma byifashishwa bya ogisijeni ya elegitoronike yashonze, abakozi bacu bashinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije babitse amasaha agera kuri 20 buri kwezi kugira ngo babungabunge sensor, kandi umutekano uhagaze neza ku buryo bugaragara. Ntabwo dukeneye guhangayikishwa n’impuruza zitari zo ziterwa no gutwarwa na sensor.”
Kubijyanye nigishushanyo mbonera, ibyuma bigezweho bya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike nayo isuzuma byimazeyo ibiranga ibidukikije by’amafi. Ibirindiro byo murwego rwo hejuru (mubisanzwe bigera kuri IP68) birinda rwose kwinjira mumazi, kandi hepfo ikozwe mubyuma 316 bidafite ingese, bitanga igihe kirekire cyo kurwanya umunyu na alkali. Ibyuma bifata ibyuma akenshi bifite ibikoresho bya NPT3 / 4 bifatanye kugirango bishyirwemo byoroshye kandi bikosorwe, hamwe nibikoresho byo mu mazi bitagira amazi kugirango bikemurwe bikenewe mubwimbitse butandukanye. Ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana neza ibyumviro byizewe kandi biramba mubuhinzi bugoye.
Ikigaragara ni uko kongeramo imikorere yubwenge byongereye imbaraga mubikorwa bya optique ya elegitoronike yashonze. Moderi nyinshi nshyashya zigaragaza ubushyuhe bwoherejwe nubushyuhe bwikora, bikagabanya neza amakosa yo gupimwa yatewe nihindagurika ryubushyuhe bwamazi. Ibicuruzwa bimwe byo murwego rwohejuru birashobora kandi kohereza amakuru mugihe nyacyo ukoresheje Bluetooth cyangwa Wi-Fi kuri porogaramu zigendanwa cyangwa urubuga rwibicu, bigafasha gukurikirana kure hamwe nibibazo byamateka. Iyo urwego rwa ogisijeni rwasheshwe rurenze urwego rwizewe, sisitemu ihita yohereza integuza ikoresheje imenyesha rya terefone igendanwa, ubutumwa bwanditse, cyangwa amajwi. Uyu muyoboro wogukurikirana ufite ubwenge utuma abahinzi bakomeza kumenyeshwa ibijyanye n’imiterere y’amazi no gufata ingamba zo guhangana n’igihe, kabone niyo zaba zitari ku rubuga.
Iterambere ryagezweho mu buhanga bwa ogisijeni ya elegitoronike yashonze ntabwo ikemura gusa ububabare bw’uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kugenzura, ahubwo inatanga amakuru yizewe yo gucunga neza ubworozi bw’amafi, bukaba inkingi y’ikoranabuhanga mu kuzamura iterambere ry’inganda mu bwenge no mu buryo bwuzuye.
Ibisubizo byo gusaba: Uburyo bwiza bwa Sensor butezimbere ubuhinzi
Ibyuma bya ogisijeni byashonze byageze ku musaruro ushimishije mu bikorwa by’amafi y’amafi, hamwe n’agaciro kayo byemejwe mu bintu byinshi, kuva mu gukumira impfu nyinshi kugeza kongera umusaruro n’ubuziranenge. Urubanza ruhagarariwe cyane ni Ikigo cy’amafi cy’amazi yo mu kiyaga cya Baitan kiri mu Karere ka Huangzhou, Umujyi wa Huanggang, Intara ya Hubei, aho hashyizweho ibyuma bikurikirana bya dogere 360 by’ikirere byose hamwe na sensor ya ogisijeni ya elegitoronike yashonze, bingana na hegitari 2000 z’amazi hejuru y’ibyuzi 56 by’amafi. Umutekinisiye Cao Jian yabisobanuye agira ati: "Binyuze mu makuru yo kugenzura ku gihe nyacyo kuri ecran ya elegitoroniki, dushobora guhita tumenya ibintu bidasanzwe. Urugero, iyo urugero rwa ogisijeni yashonze kuri Monitoring Point 1 yerekana 1.07 mg / L, nubwo uburambe bushobora kwerekana ko ari ikibazo cy’iperereza, turahita tumenyesha abahinzi kugenzura, tukareba umutekano wuzuye." Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura igihe nyacyo bwafashije shingiro kwirinda impanuka nyinshi zo guhinduranya ibyuzi byatewe na hypoxia. Umurobyi w'inararibonye Liu Yuming yagize ati: “Mu bihe byashize, twahangayikishijwe na hypoxia igihe cyose imvura yagwaga kandi ntitwasinzire neza nijoro. Noneho, abatekinisiye batumenyesheje amakuru ayo ari yo yose adasanzwe, bituma dushobora gufata ingamba hakiri kare.”
Mu buhinzi bwimbitse cyane, ibyuma bya ogisijeni ya elegitoronike yashonze bigira uruhare runini cyane. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu bubiko bw’amafi bw’ibidukikije bwa “Future Farm” i Huzhou, muri Zhejiang, bwerekana ko mu kigega cya metero kare 28 gifite jin hafi 3.000 ya bass ya Californiya (amafi agera ku 6.000) - bingana n’ubucucike bwa hegitari imwe mu byuzi gakondo - gucunga ogisijeni byashonze biba ikibazo nyamukuru. Binyuze mu kugenzura igihe nyacyo hamwe na sisitemu ya optique hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza ubwenge, ububiko bw’amafi bwagabanije neza impfu z’amafi ziva kuri 5% mu bihe byashize zikagera kuri 0.1%, mu gihe ziyongereyeho 10% -20% by’umusaruro kuri mu. Umutekinisiye w’ubuhinzi Chen Yunxiang yagize ati: “Hatabayeho amakuru ya ogisijeni yashonze neza, ntitwatinyuka kugerageza ubwinshi bw’imigabane.”
Kuzenguruka sisitemu yo mu mazi (RAS) ni akandi gace kingenzi aho ibyuma bya ogisijeni ya optique yashonze byerekana agaciro kayo. “Urubuto rw'imbuto z'ubururu Silicon Valley” i Laizhou Bay, Shandong, yubatse amahugurwa ya hegitari 768 ya RAS hamwe n'ibigega 96 byo guhinga bitanga toni 300 z'amafi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru buri mwaka, akoresha amazi make 95% ugereranije n'uburyo gakondo. Sisitemu igenzura sisitemu ikoresha sensor ya optique kugirango ikurikirane pH, ogisijeni yashonze, umunyu, nibindi bipimo muri buri kigega mugihe nyacyo, ihita ikora aeration mugihe ogisijeni yashonze iguye munsi ya mg / L. Umuyobozi w’umushinga yabisobanuye agira ati: "Ubwoko nk’amatsinda y’ingwe y’ingwe yunvikana cyane n’imihindagurikire ya ogisijeni yashonze, ku buryo bigoye uburyo gakondo bwujuje ibyifuzo by’ubuhinzi bwabo. Gukurikirana neza ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya optique byatumye tugira uruhare mu bworozi bw’ubukorikori." Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ikigo cy’amafi mu butayu bwa Gobi cya Aksu, mu Bushinwa, cyahinze neza ibiribwa byo mu nyanja byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kure y’inyanja, bituma habaho igitangaza cy '“inyanja zo mu butayu”, byose tubikesha ikoranabuhanga rya optique.
Ikoreshwa rya optique ya elegitoronike yashonze kandi yatumye habaho iterambere ryinshi mubikorwa byubukungu. Liu Yuming, umuhinzi mu birindiro by’ikiyaga cya Baitan i Huanggang, yatangaje ko nyuma yo gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ubwenge, ibyuzi bye by’amafi bingana na hegitari 24.8 byatanze amayeri arenga 40.000, akaba ari kimwe cya gatatu cy’umwaka ushize. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ruganda runini rw’ubuhinzi bw’amafi muri Shandong, ingamba zifatika zo mu kirere ziyobowe na sensor optique zagabanije ibiciro by’amashanyarazi ya moteri ku kigero cya 30% mu gihe kuzamura ibiciro by’ibiryo byiyongereyeho 15%, bituma umusaruro rusange ugabanuka 800-1000 kuri toni y’amafi.
Turashobora kandi gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri
1. Imashini ifata ubuziranenge bwamazi menshi
2. Kureremba Buoy sisitemu yubwiza bwamazi menshi
3. Gusukura byikora byikora kuri sensor nyinshi yamazi
4. Urutonde rwuzuye rwa seriveri hamwe na software idafite module, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS / 4g / WIFI / LORA / LORAWAN
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-07-2025