Amategeko mashya y’ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije agamije guhashya umwanda w’ubumara uva mu bakora ibyuma byo muri Amerika mu kugabanya umwanda nka mercure, benzene ndetse n’isasu bimaze igihe byangiza ikirere mu duce dukikije ibihingwa.
Amategeko agenga umwanda urekurwa nibikoresho bya kokiya. Umwuka uva mu ziko utera kanseri ku giti cye mu kirere gikikije inganda za 50 kuri 1.000.000, abunganira ubuzima rusange bavuga ko ari akaga ku bana ndetse n’abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima.
Iyi miti ntabwo igenda kure y’uruganda, ariko abayunganira bavuga ko babangamiye ubuzima rusange bw’abaturage mu gace ka “fenceline” gaciriritse gafite ibikoresho bikikije ibyuma, kandi bikaba byerekana ikibazo cy’ubutabera bushingiye ku bidukikije.
Umuyobozi wungirije wa Earthjustice ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage, Patrice Simms yagize ati: "Abantu bamaze igihe kinini bahura n'ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, nka kanseri, kubera kwanduza ifuru ya kokiya." Amategeko "ni ingenzi mu kurinda abaturage n'abakozi hafi y'itanura rya kokiya".
Amashyiga ya kokiya ni ibyumba bishyushya amakara kugirango bitange kokiya, ububiko bukomeye bukoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma. Gazi ikorwa nitanura ishyirwa mubikorwa na EPA nka kanseri yumuntu izwi kandi irimo uruvange rwimiti ishobora guteza akaga, ibyuma biremereye hamwe n’ibintu bihindagurika.
Imiti myinshi ifitanye isano nibibazo bikomeye byubuzima, harimo eczema ikabije, ibibazo byubuhumekero ndetse nindwara zifungura.
Abanenga bavuga ko mu gihe ibimenyetso byinshi byerekana uburozi bwa gaze mu myaka yashize, EPA ntacyo yakoze kugira ngo ihindure umwanda. Amatsinda y’ibidukikije yagiye ashakisha imipaka mishya no gukurikirana neza kandi Isi irenganya muri 2019 yareze EPA kuri iki kibazo.
Amatanura ya kokiya yibasiye cyane imijyi yo mu burengerazuba bwo hagati mu nganda na Alabama. I Detroit, uruganda rwa kokiya rumaze imyaka icumi rutubahirije ubuziranenge bw’ikirere inshuro ibihumbi n’ibihumbi biri mu rwego rwo gukomeza kuburana ruvuga ko dioxyde de sulfure ikorwa na gaze ya feri ya kokiya yarwaye abaturage baturanye hafi y’abaturanyi biganjemo Abirabura, nubwo amategeko mashya atareba ibyo bihumanya.
Amategeko yatangajwe ku wa gatanu, arasaba kwipimisha “fenceline” hirya no hino ku bimera, kandi, niba bigaragaye ko umwanda urenze imipaka mishya, abakora ibyuma bagomba kumenya inkomoko kandi bagafata ingamba zo kugabanya urwego.
Amategeko kandi akuraho inganda zigeze gukoreshwa mbere yo kwirinda gutanga ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, nko gusonera imipaka y’ibyuka bihumanya mugihe idakora neza.
Igeragezwa hanze y’uruganda rwa Pittsburgh rukoreshwa na US Steel, umwe mu bakora ibicuruzwa byinshi mu gihugu, rwasanze urugero rwa benzene, kanseri, yikubye inshuro 10 kurenza imipaka mishya. Umuvugizi w’ibyuma muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika yabwiye Allegheny Front ko aya mategeko adashoboka rwose kuyashyira mu bikorwa kandi ko azagira “ibiciro bitigeze bibaho ndetse n’ingaruka mbi z’ibidukikije zitateganijwe”.
Umuvugizi yagize ati: "Ibiciro byaba bitarigeze bibaho kandi bitazwi kuko nta buhanga bugaragara bwo kugenzura ibintu bimwe na bimwe byangiza ikirere".
Adrienne Lee, umushinjacyaha ushinzwe ubutabera, yabwiye ikinyamakuru Guardian ko iri tegeko rishingiye ku mibare y’inganda zahawe EPA, kandi yavuze ko muri rusange aya mategeko atazagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ahubwo ko izarinda kurenga.
Lee yagize ati: "Njye mbona bigoye kwizera [imipaka] bizagorana kubahiriza."
Turashobora gutanga ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bwa gaze hamwe nibintu bitandukanye
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-03-2024