Igihugu cya Malawi cyo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Afurika cyatangaje ko gishyizeho kandi gishyiraho sitasiyo 10 z'ikirere zigezweho hirya no hino mu gihugu. Iyi gahunda igamije kongera ubushobozi bw'igihugu mu buhinzi, gukurikirana ikirere no gutanga ubufasha mu gukumira ibiza, no gutanga inkunga ikomeye mu bya tekiniki mu guhangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere no kwemeza ko hari umutekano w'ibiribwa.
Malawi, igihugu aho ubuhinzi ari inkingi ikomeye y'ubukungu, kirimo guhura n'ibibazo bikomeye by'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Mu rwego rwo kwitegura neza imihindagurikire y'ikirere, kongera umusaruro w'ubuhinzi no kongera ubushobozi bwo gutanga amakuru ku ibiza, guverinoma ya Malawi, ku bufatanye n'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Iteganyagihe n'ibigo byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga, yatangije umushinga wo gushyiraho no gukoresha sitasiyo 10 z'iteganyagihe mu gihugu hose.
Sitasiyo y'ikirere ya 10 muri 1 ni iki?
Ikigo cy’iteganyagihe cya 10 muri 1 ni igikoresho kigezweho gihuza imirimo itandukanye yo kugenzura imiterere y’ikirere kandi gishobora gupima icyarimwe ibipimo 10 bikurikira by’imiterere y’ikirere: ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’ikirere, umuvuduko w’umuyaga, icyerekezo cy’umuyaga, imvura, imirasire y’izuba, ubushuhe bw’ubutaka, ubushyuhe bw’ubutaka, imyuka.
Iyi sitasiyo y’ikirere ifite imikorere myinshi ntabwo ishobora gutanga amakuru yuzuye y’iteganyagihe gusa, ahubwo inafite ibyiza byo gukoresha neza cyane, kohereza amakuru mu buryo bufatika no kugenzura kure.
Umushinga wo gushyiraho sitasiyo z’iteganyagihe muri Malawi uterwa inkunga n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Iteganyagihe n’amasosiyete menshi y’ikoranabuhanga. Ibikoresho by’iyi sitasiyo bitangwa n’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’iteganyagihe zizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi imirimo yo kuyishyiraho no kuyishyira mu bikorwa irangizwa n’abatekinisiye bo mu gihugu n’impuguke mpuzamahanga.
Umuyobozi w’umushinga yagize ati: “Gushyira sitasiyo y’iteganyagihe ya 10-in-1 bizatanga amakuru nyayo kandi yuzuye y’iteganyagihe muri Malawi. “Amakuru ntazafasha gusa kunoza ukuri kw’iteganyagihe, ahubwo azatanga n’ibimenyetso by’ingenzi ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi no kuburira ibiza.”
Gusaba no kubona inyungu
1. Iterambere ry'ubuhinzi
Malawi ni igihugu cy’ubuhinzi, aho umusaruro w’ubuhinzi winjiza ibirenga 30% by’umusaruro rusange w’igihugu. Amakuru nk’ubushuhe bw’ubutaka, ubushyuhe n’imvura bitangwa n’ibigo by’iteganyagihe bizafasha abahinzi gufata ibyemezo byiza byo kuhira no gufumbira no kunoza umusaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibihingwa.
Urugero, iyo igihe cy'imvura kigeze, abahinzi bashobora gutegura igihe cyo guhinga gikwiye hakurikijwe amakuru y'imvura yatanzwe n'aho ikirere giherereye. Mu gihe cy'izuba, gahunda zo kuhira zishobora kunozwa hashingiwe ku makuru y'ubushuhe bw'ubutaka. Izi ngamba zizanoza imikoreshereze y'amazi kandi zikagabanya igihombo cy'umusaruro.
2. Uburinzi ku ibiza
Malawi ikunze kwibasirwa n’ibiza nk’imyuzure n’amapfa. Ikigo cy’iteganyagihe cya 10-1 gishobora gukurikirana imihindagurikire y’imiterere y’ikirere mu gihe nyacyo no gutanga amakuru nyayo ku gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane ibiza.
Urugero, ibigo bishinzwe ikirere bishobora gutanga umuburo hakiri kare ku birebana n’imyuzure mbere y’imvura nyinshi, bigafasha za leta n’imiryango iharanira imibereho myiza y’abaturage gukora imyiteguro yihutirwa. Mu gihe cy’izuba, impinduka z’ubushuhe mu butaka zishobora gukurikiranwa, imiburo y’amapfa ishobora gutangwa ku gihe, kandi abahinzi bashobora kuyoborwa kugira ngo bafate ingamba zo kuzigama amazi.
3. Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi
Amakuru y’igihe kirekire yerekeye imiterere y’ikirere yakusanyijwe na sitasiyo azatanga amakuru y’ingirakamaro ku bushakashatsi ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere muri Malawi. Ayo makuru azafasha abahanga mu bya siyansi gusobanukirwa neza ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu gace batuyemo no gutanga ishingiro rya siyansi mu gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Guverinoma ya Malawi yavuze ko izakomeza kwagura uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ahantu hahurira ikirere mu gihe kizaza, no gushimangira ubufatanye n'imiryango mpuzamahanga n'ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo harusheho kunozwa uburyo bwo gukurikirana ikirere no gutanga amakuru mbere y'igihe ku ibiza. Muri icyo gihe, guverinoma izateza imbere cyane ikoreshwa ry'amakuru yerekeye ikirere mu buhinzi, uburobyi, amashyamba n'ibindi bikorwa kugira ngo hatezwe imbere iterambere rirambye ry'ubukungu bw'igihugu.
“Umushinga wa sitasiyo y’iteganyagihe muri Malawi ni urugero rwiza, kandi twizeye ko ibihugu byinshi bishobora kwigira kuri ubu bunararibonye kugira ngo binoze ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukurikirana ikirere no gutanga amakuru ku ibiza no gutanga umusanzu mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi,” ibi byavuzwe n’uhagarariye Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Iteganyagihe.
Gushyira no gukoresha sitasiyo 10 z’iteganyagihe muri Malawi bigaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu gukurikirana iteganyagihe no kuburira abantu ku biza mu gihugu. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere no gukoreshwa cyane, izi sitasiyo zizatanga inkunga ikomeye mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi rya Malawi, imicungire y’ibiza n’ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi kugira ngo bifashe igihugu kugera ku ntego z’iterambere rirambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-06-2025