Abashakashatsi ba kaminuza ya MADISON ya Wisconsin-Madison bakoze ibyuma bifata ibyuma bidahenze

Shuohao Cai, umunyeshuri wa dogiteri wa siyanse yubumenyi bwubutaka, ashyira inkoni ya sensor ifite icyuma gifata ibyuma byinshi byerekana ibipimo byimbitse mubutaka muri kaminuza ya Wisconsin-Madison Hancock Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi.
MADISON - Abashakashatsi ba kaminuza ya Wisconsin-Madison bakoze ibyuma bidahenze bishobora gutanga igenzura rihoraho, nyaryo rya nitrate mu bwoko rusange bwubutaka bwa Wisconsin. Ibyo byuma byifashishwa mu mashanyarazi birashobora gufasha abahinzi gufata ibyemezo byimicungire yintungamubiri no kumenya inyungu zubukungu.
Joseph Andrews, umwungirije wungirije muri kaminuza ya Harvard, yagize ati: "Rukuruzi rwacu rushobora guha abahinzi gusobanukirwa neza n’imirire y’ubutaka bwabo ndetse n’ubunini bwa nitrate iboneka ku bimera byabo, bikabafasha guhitamo neza umubare w’ifumbire bakeneye". Ubushakashatsi bwari buyobowe n’ishuri ry’imashini muri kaminuza ya Wisconsin-Madison. Ati: "Niba bashobora kugabanya ifumbire bagura, kuzigama ibiciro bishobora kuba ingirakamaro mu mirima minini."
Nitrate ni intungamubiri zingenzi mu mikurire y’ibihingwa, ariko nitrate irenze irashobora kuva mu butaka ikinjira mu mazi y’ubutaka. Ubu bwoko bwanduye bwangiza abantu banywa amazi meza yanduye kandi byangiza ibidukikije. Rukuruzi rushya rw'abashakashatsi rushobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'igikoresho cy'ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi hagamijwe gukurikirana imyunyu ngugu ya nitrate no gufasha guteza imbere uburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ingaruka mbi zayo.
Uburyo bugezweho bwo gukurikirana nitrate yubutaka ni akazi gakomeye, karahenze, kandi ntabwo gatanga amakuru nyayo. Niyo mpamvu impuguke za elegitoroniki zacapwe Andrews hamwe nitsinda rye bahisemo gukora igisubizo cyiza, gihenze.
Muri uyu mushinga, abashakashatsi bifashishije uburyo bwo gucapa inkjet kugirango bakore sensor ya potentiometric, ubwoko bwa sensor ya firime yoroheje. Ibyuma bya potentiometrike bikoreshwa mugupima neza nitrate mubisubizo byamazi. Nyamara, ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma ntibikwiye gukoreshwa mubutaka bwubutaka kuko ibice binini byubutaka bishobora gushushanya ibyuma bikabuza gupima neza.
Andrews yagize ati: "Ikibazo nyamukuru twagerageje gukemura ni ugushakisha uburyo ibyo byuma bikoresha amashanyarazi bikora neza mu bihe bibi by'ubutaka no kumenya neza ioni ya nitrate".
Itsinda ryakemuye kwari ugushira urwego rwa fluor polyvinylidene kuri sensor. Ku bwa Andereya, ibi bikoresho bifite ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi biranga. Ubwa mbere, ifite utwobo duto cyane, hafi 400 nanometero z'ubunini, butuma ioni ya nitrate inyura mugihe kibuza ubutaka. Icya kabiri, ni hydrophilique, ni ukuvuga, ikurura amazi ikayifata nka sponge.
Andrews yagize ati: "Amazi yose rero akungahaye kuri nitrate rero azahitamo kwinjira mu byuma byacu, ibyo ni ngombwa rwose kuko ubutaka nabwo bumeze nka sponge kandi uzatsindwa urugamba mu bijyanye n'ubushuhe bwinjira muri sensor niba udashobora kubona amazi amwe. Ubutaka bw'ubutaka". Ati: "Iyi miterere ya fluoride polyvinylidene ituma dukuramo amazi akungahaye kuri nitrate, tukayageza hejuru ya sensor kandi tukamenya neza nitrate."
Abashakashatsi basobanuye iterambere ryabo mu mpapuro zasohotse muri Werurwe 2024 mu kinyamakuru Advanced Materials Technology.
Iri tsinda ryagerageje ibyuma byifashishwa mu bwoko bubiri butandukanye bw’ubutaka bujyanye na Wisconsin - ubutaka bwumucanga, bukunze kugaragara mu bice byo mu majyaruguru y’amajyaruguru ya leta, hamwe n’ibiti by’ubutaka, bikunze kugaragara mu majyepfo y’iburengerazuba bwa Wisconsin - basanga ibyo byuma bitanga ibisubizo nyabyo.
Abashakashatsi ubu barimo kwinjiza sensor ya nitrate muri sisitemu yimikorere myinshi bita "sensor sticker," aho ubwoko butatu bwa sensor zishyirwa hejuru ya plastike yoroheje hifashishijwe umugongo. Ibibaho kandi birimo ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe.
Abashakashatsi bazahuza ibyapa byinshi byunvikana kuri post, babishyire ahirengeye, hanyuma bashyingure ikibanza mubutaka. Iyi mikorere yabemereye gufata ibipimo byimbitse y'ubutaka.
Andrews yagize ati: "Dupimye nitrate, ubushuhe n'ubushyuhe ku bujyakuzimu butandukanye, ubu dushobora kugereranya inzira ya nitrate kandi tukumva uburyo nitrate igenda mu butaka, bitashobokaga mbere".
Mu ci ryo mu 2024, abashakashatsi barateganya gushyira inkoni 30 za sensor mu butaka kuri sitasiyo y’ubushakashatsi y’ubuhinzi ya Hancock ndetse n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi cya Arlington muri kaminuza ya Wisconsin-Madison kugira ngo barusheho gusuzuma icyo cyuma.