Imyuka ya Oxygene mu mazi yacu igenda igabanuka vuba kandi ku buryo bugaragara - kuva mu byuzi kugera ku nyanja. Gutakaza buhoro buhoro umwuka wa ogisijeni ntabwo bibangamira urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima gusa, ahubwo binabangamira imibereho y’inzego nini za sosiyete ndetse n’isi yose, nk’uko abanditsi b’ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga bwerekeranye na GEOMAR bwasohotse uyu munsi muri Nature Ecology & Evolution.
Barasaba ko gutakaza ogisijeni mu mazi byamenyekana nk’undi mupaka w’umubumbe hagamijwe kwibanda ku gukurikirana isi, ubushakashatsi n’ingamba za politiki.
Oxygene ni ikintu cy'ibanze gisabwa mu buzima ku isi. Gutakaza umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mazi, nanone bita deoxygene yo mu mazi, ni ikintu kibangamira ubuzima mu nzego zose. Itsinda mpuzamahanga ry’abashakashatsi risobanura uburyo gukomeza kwanduza indwara bitera ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’ibice byinshi bya sosiyete ndetse n’ubuzima bw’imibereho kuri iyi si.
Ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwerekanye urutonde rwibikorwa byisi yose, byitwa imbibi z’imibumbe, bigenga aho isi ituye ndetse n’umutekano. Niba inzitizi zikomeye muri izi nzira zatambutse, ibyago byo guhinduka kw’ibidukikije binini, bitunguranye cyangwa bidasubirwaho (“aho bigarukira”) byiyongera kandi imbaraga z’umubumbe wacu, ituze ryazo, zirabangamiwe.
Mu mbibi icyenda z’imibumbe harimo imihindagurikire y’ikirere, imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, no gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Abanditsi b'ubushakashatsi bushya bavuga ko deoxygene yo mu mazi byombi isubiza kandi ikanagenga izindi mbibi z’imibumbe.
Porofeseri Dr. Rose wo mu kigo cya Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute i Troy, muri New York, umwanditsi mukuru w'iki gitabo yagize ati: "Ni ngombwa ko imyuka yo mu mazi yongerwa ku rutonde rw'imipaka." Ati: “Ibi bizafasha gushyigikira no kwibanda ku kugenzura isi, ubushakashatsi, ndetse n’ingamba za politiki zo gufasha urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi ndetse na sosiyete muri rusange.”
Hafi y'ibinyabuzima byose byo mu mazi, kuva imigezi n'inzuzi, ibiyaga, ibigega, n'ibidendezi kugera ku nkombe, ku nkombe, no ku nyanja ifunguye, umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga wagabanutse vuba kandi cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha.
Kuva mu 1980, ibiyaga n'ibigega byagize igihombo cya ogisijeni ya 5.5% na 18,6%. Inyanja yagize igihombo cya ogisijeni igera kuri 2% kuva mu 1960. Nubwo iyi mibare isa naho ari nto, kubera ubwinshi bw'inyanja igereranya ubwinshi bwa ogisijeni yatakaye.
Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja narwo rwahinduye byinshi mu kugabanuka kwa ogisijeni. Kurugero, amazi yo hagati ya Californiya yo hagati yatakaje 40% bya ogisijeni mumyaka mike ishize. Ubwinshi bwibinyabuzima byo mu mazi byatewe no kugabanuka kwa ogisijeni byiyongereye cyane muburyo bwose.
Umwanditsi umwe, Dr. Andreas Oschlies, umwarimu w’icyitegererezo cya Marine Biogeochemical Modeling mu kigo cya GEOMAR Helmholtz gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku nyanja Kiel agira ati: “Impamvu zitera gutakaza umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mazi ni ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi bitewe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse n’intungamubiri zituruka ku mikoreshereze y’ubutaka.”
"Niba ubushyuhe bw’amazi buzamutse, imbaraga za ogisijeni mu mazi ziragabanuka. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bw’isi bwongerera umurongo inkingi y’amazi, kubera ko amazi ashyushye, umunyu muke hamwe n’ubucucike buke buri hejuru y’amazi akonje kandi yumunyu munsi.
Ati: "Ibi bidindiza ihererekanyabubasha ryimbitse rya ogisijeni hamwe n’amazi akungahaye kuri ogisijeni. Byongeye kandi, intungamubiri ziva mu butaka zifasha uburabyo bwa algal, bigatuma ogisijeni nyinshi ikoreshwa mu gihe ibintu byinshi kama kurohama kandi bikangirika na mikorobe yimbitse."
Uturere two mu nyanja ahari ogisijeni nkeya ku buryo amafi, imitsi cyangwa igikonjo bitagishoboye kubaho bibangamiye ibinyabuzima ubwabyo, ahubwo binangiza serivisi z’ibidukikije nkuburobyi, ubworozi bw’amafi, ubukerarugendo n’imico gakondo.
Uburyo bwa Microbiotic mu turere twabuze ogisijeni nabwo bugenda butanga imyuka ihumanya ikirere nka nitide oxyde na metani, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwiyongera ku isi bityo bikaba impamvu nyamukuru itera ogisijeni igabanuka.
Abanditsi baraburira: Turi hafi kugera ku mbibi zikomeye za deoxygene yo mu mazi izagira ingaruka ku zindi mipaka myinshi.
Porofeseri Dr. Rose yagize ati: “Umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga ugenga uruhare rw’amazi yo mu nyanja n’amazi meza mu guhindura ikirere cy’isi.
Ati: “Kudakemura ikibazo cyo kwanduza amazi mu mazi, amaherezo, ntibizagira ingaruka ku bidukikije gusa ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku bukungu, ndetse na sosiyete ku rwego rw'isi.”
Amazi ya deoxygene yo mu mazi yerekana umuburo usobanutse no guhamagarira ibikorwa bigomba gutera impinduka zo gutinda cyangwa kugabanya iyi mipaka.
Amazi meza yashonze sensor ya ogisijeni
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-12-2024