Sitasiyo z'ikirere zihujwe n'iz'impande: Ibiranga by'ingenzi n'ubuyobozi bwo guhitamo

Iyi sitasiyo y’iteganyagihe iri ku nkingi ni ikigo gisanzwe kandi gikurikirana iteganyagihe, kizwi kandi nka sitasiyo gakondo y’iteganyagihe cyangwa sitasiyo isanzwe y’iteganyagihe. Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyayo ni uko sensor zifite imikorere itandukanye zishyirwa ku burebure butandukanye ku nkingi imwe cyangwa nyinshi zihagaze hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo kureba.

Ibi bikurikira ni byo biranga ikirere gishyirwa ku nkingi, kandi byakozwe mu buryo butandukanye:
I. Imiterere y'ibanze n'ibiranga igishushanyo mbonera
1. Sensor ishyizwe mu buryo butandukanye
Iri ni ryo tandukaniro ry'ibanze ugereranyije n'ahantu hahurira ikirere hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Buri sensor (anemometero, vene y'umuyaga, sensor y'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, igipimo cy'imvura, sensor y'umuvuduko, nibindi) ni igice cyigenga kandi gihuzwa n'icyuma gikusanya amakuru gikoresheje insinga.
Iyi sensor ishyirwa ku burebure bwihariye ku giti hakurikijwe ihame ryayo ryo gupima n'inama z'ibigo nka WMO. Urugero:
Imashini ipima umuvuduko w'umuyaga n'icyerekezo: Akenshi ishyirwa ahantu hirengeye cyane (nk'uburebure bwa metero 10) kugira ngo hirindwe ko hari inzitizi zo ku butaka zabangamira ikirere.
Imashini ipima ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe: Ishyizwe mu gasanduku gafite ishusho iri kuri metero 1.5 cyangwa metero 2 uvuye ku butaka kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka z'imirasire y'izuba n'ishusho y'ubutaka.
Igipimo cy'imvura: Shyiramo kuri metero 0.7 cyangwa uburebure runaka, urebe neza ko aho ufungura haringaniye kandi ko agace kayikikije gafunguye.
Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ubutaka: Bishyingurwa mu butaka ku bujyakuzimu butandukanye.

2. Imiterere ihamye kandi urwego rw'ubuhanga ni rwo ruri hejuru
Inkingi zisanzwe zikozwe mu byuma bikomeye nka icyuma kitagira umugese n'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye, kandi zifite urufatiro rukomeye (nk'urufatiro rwa beto), rushobora kwihanganira ikirere kibi nk'inkubi z'umuyaga n'urubura rwinshi, bigatuma zikora neza igihe kirekire.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'agasanduku ni icya siyansi, kigabanya uburyo ibipimo bya sensor bibangamirana cyane uko bishoboka kose.

3. Igishushanyo mbonera cya modular
Buri sensor ni module yigenga ishobora gupimwa, kubungabungwa cyangwa gusimburwa ukwayo nta ngaruka ku mikorere y'izindi sensor. Iyi shusho ni nziza cyane mu kuyisana no kuyivugurura nyuma.

Ii. Imikorere n'Ibiranga Imikorere
1. Ikurikiza amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo kugenzura kandi ifite ububasha bukomeye bwo gutanga amakuru
Imiterere n'uburebure bw'ibikoresho byayo bikurikiza amahame y'ibigo byemewe nka WMO. Kubwibyo, amakuru yabonetse afite ubushobozi bwo kuyagereranya no kuyakoresha, bigatuma aba amahitamo ya mbere mu bikorwa by'iteganyagihe ku rwego rw'igihugu, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, no gukoresha neza inganda.

2. Ubuziranenge bwo gupima
Kubera ko sensors ziba zitandukanye, ubwivanganzo hagati yazo bushobora kugabanuka cyane (urugero, ihungabana ry'umwuka uturuka ku gice cy'umwuka ndetse n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe buturuka ku bice by'ikoranabuhanga ku gupima ubushyuhe).
Ubuziranenge bwo gupima bushobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe sensor imwe ifite imikorere myiza kandi ikora neza.

3. Imiterere yoroshye kandi ishobora kwaguka cyane
Abakoresha bashobora guhitamo ubwoko n'ingano y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bitewe n'ibyo bakeneye byihariye. Urugero, biroroshye kongeramo ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, amasahani ashyuha, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bya ultraviolet, nibindi.
Iyo hakenewe ibintu bishya byo kureba mu gihe kizaza, ni ngombwa gusa kongeramo sensors n'interfaces bihuye nabyo ku giti, bifite ubushobozi bwo kwaguka neza.

4. Uburyo bw'umwuga bwo gukusanya amakuru no gutanga amashanyarazi
Ubusanzwe ifite agasanduku k’ubuhanga bwo gukusanya amakuru, gashyizwe ku nkingi cyangwa hafi yayo, gashinzwe gukoresha ibikoresho byose byo gupima amakuru, gukusanya, kubika no kohereza amakuru.
Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi irakomeye kandi yizewe, ubusanzwe ikoresha uburyo buvanze bw'amashanyarazi, ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba na batiri, bigatuma ikomeza gukora igihe kirekire ndetse no mu minsi y'imvura.

Iii. Imikoreshereze n'Ibyiza n'Imiterere
Ikoreshwa ku bintu bihamye kandi by’igihe kirekire kandi bisanzwe
Sitasiyo z'ibanze z'igihugu z'ubumenyi bw'ikirere/sitasiyo z'icyitegererezo: Imbaraga z'ingenzi mu mikorere.
Ubushakashatsi bw'umwuga: nk'ubushakashatsi ku bidukikije, gukurikirana imihindagurikire y'ikirere, kugenzura amazi, iteganyagihe ry'ubuhinzi rikozwe neza cyane, n'ibindi.
Inkunga y’iteganyagihe ku mishinga minini y’ubuhanga: nk’ibibuga by’indege, ibyambu, inganda z’ingufu za kirimbuzi, n’ibigo binini byo kubungabunga amazi.
Inganda zikeneye amakuru yemewe, nko guhanura ingufu z’umuyaga n’isuzuma ry’ibidukikije, zishobora gukoresha ayo makuru mu kwemeza no kugenzura ibikorwa by’abandi.

2. Amakuru ahoraho kandi yizewe cyane
Imiterere ikomeye n'uburinzi bw'inkuba bw'umwuga hamwe n'imiterere yabyo yo kurwanya ingese bitanga uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibintu mu gihe kirekire kandi burambye ndetse no mu bidukikije bitagira ababyitayeho.

Iv. Inzitizi zishoboka
1. Gushyiraho biragoye, bifata igihe kinini kandi bihenze
Hakenewe uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora iperereza ku kibanza, kubaka umusingi, gushyiraho inkingi, gupima neza sensor, no gushyiraho insinga. Igihe cyo gushyiraho ubusanzwe kimara iminsi myinshi cyangwa irenga.
Igiciro cy'ishoramari rya mbere (harimo ibikoresho, ubwubatsi bw'ibyatsi n'imitangire) kiri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'ikiguzi cy'ikigo cy'iteganyagihe cyahujwe.

2. Kutabasha gutwara ibintu neza
Iyo imaze gushyirwaho, muri rusange iba ari ahantu hadahinduka kandi bigoye kuyimura. Ntabwo ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukurikirana byihutirwa cyangwa mu mirimo y'agateganyo yo kugenzura isaba guhindurirwa ahantu kenshi.

3. Kubungabunga ibintu biragoye cyane
Nubwo igishushanyo mbonera cya modular cyoroshye gusimburwa, abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga bagomba kuzamuka inkingi cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho byo guterura kugira ngo bakomeze gukoresha sensor ahantu hirengeye, ibyo bikaba biteza ingaruka zimwe na zimwe z’umutekano ndetse n’ingorane mu mikorere.

4. Ifite ibisabwa byinshi ku hantu ho kuyishyira
Bisaba ahantu hanini hafunguye hujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko agenga igenzura kandi biragoye gushyira mu mijyi cyangwa mu turere dufite umwanya muto.

Incamake n'igereranya
Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe neza, dushobora kugereranya urwego rw'ibanze hagati y'aho ikigo cy'iteganyagihe gishyirwa ku nkingi n'aho ikigo cy'iteganyagihe gihuriweho:

Umwanzuro

Iyi sitasiyo y’ikirere ifite inkingi ni "umukinnyi w’umwuga" kandi ni "ishingiro rihoraho" mu bijyanye no gukurikirana ikirere. Kubera ubuhanga bwayo bwo hejuru, ukwizerwa kwayo no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, ikora imirimo yo kureba igihe kirekire kandi idahindagurika ifite ibisabwa bikomeye ku ireme ry’amakuru. Ku rundi ruhande, sitasiyo z’ikirere zihujwe zikora nk' "abagendera ku mafarashi boroheje", zitsinda zifite ubushobozi bworoshye kandi zigatuma zihura n'ikibazo kinini cyo gushyira mu bikorwa byihuse kandi bihendutse mu gihe cya interineti y’ibintu. Zombi zifite intego zazo kandi hamwe zigize umuyoboro wa none w’igenzura ikirere.

Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye kuri sitasiyo y'iteganyagihe,

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