Sisitemu yo gukurikirana imyuzure hamwe no kuburira hakiri kare muri “Ikibaya cy'Uruzi rwa Chao Phraya,” Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba

Amavu n'amavuko y'umushinga

Aziya y’amajyepfo yuburasirazuba, irangwa nikirere cy’imvura gishyuha, ihura n’umwuzure ukabije buri mwaka mugihe cyimvura. Ukoresheje “Ikibaya cy'Uruzi rwa Chao Phraya” mu gihugu gihagarariye nk'urugero, iki kibaya kinyura mu gihugu gituwe cyane kandi gifite ubukungu bwateye imbere mu bukungu ndetse no mu turere tuyikikije. Mu mateka, imikoranire y’imvura itunguranye, gutemba byihuse biva mu misozi miremire y’imisozi, hamwe n’amazi yo mu mijyi byatumye uburyo bwa gakondo, intoki, hamwe n’uburambe bushingiye ku micungire ya hydrologiya idahagije, akenshi biganisha ku kuburira bidatinze, kwangiza ibintu bikomeye, ndetse no guhitana abantu.

Kugira ngo duhinduke tuvuye muri ubu buryo butagaragara, ishami ry’igihugu rishinzwe umutungo w’amazi, ku bufatanye n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, batangije gahunda ya “Integrated Monitoring Monitoring and Early Warning System for umushinga wa Chao Phraya”. Intego yari iyo gushyiraho uburyo nyabwo, bwuzuye, kandi bunoze bwo kurwanya imyuzure igezweho ikoresha IoT, tekinoroji ya sensor, hamwe nisesengura ryamakuru.

Tekinoroji Yibanze na Sensor Porogaramu

Sisitemu ihuza ibyuma bitandukanye byateye imbere, bigakora "amaso n'amatwi" by'imyumvire.

1. Gutanga Indobo Imvura Gauge - “Imbere ya Sentinel” Inkomoko y'Umwuzure

• Ahantu hoherezwa: Byoherejwe cyane mubice byimisozi miremire, ibigega byamashyamba, ibigega biciriritse, hamwe n’ahantu hafatirwa ku nkengero z’imijyi.
• Imikorere n'uruhare:
  • Igenzura-ryimvura-Igihe-Ikusanya amakuru yimvura buri munota, hamwe na mm 0.1. Amakuru yoherezwa mugihe nyacyo mukigo gishinzwe kugenzura binyuze muri GPRS / 4G / itumanaho rya satelite.
  • Iburira ry'umuyaga: Iyo igipimo cy'imvura cyanditseho imvura nyinshi cyane mu gihe gito (urugero, hejuru ya mm 50 mu isaha imwe), sisitemu ihita itera integuza ya mbere, byerekana ko hashobora kubaho umwuzure w’amazi cyangwa gutemba vuba muri ako gace.
  • Data Fusion: Amakuru yimvura nimwe mubintu byingenzi byinjira mubyitegererezo bya hydrologiya, bikoreshwa muguhishurira ubwinshi bwamazi mu nzuzi nigihe cyo kugera kumpera yumwuzure.

2. Radar Flow Metero - Uruzi rwa "Pulse Monitor"

• Ahantu hoherezwa: Bishyizwe kumigezi minini yose yinzuzi, amasoko yingenzi y’amasoko, epfo y’ibigega, no ku biraro bikomeye cyangwa iminara ku bwinjiriro bwumujyi.
• Imikorere n'uruhare:
  • Gupima umuvuduko udasanzwe: Koresha amahame yo kwerekana imiyoboro ya radar kugirango apime neza umuvuduko wamazi yubutaka, utabangamiwe nubwiza bwamazi cyangwa ibimera, bisaba kubungabungwa bike.
  • Igipimo cy’amazi n’ibipimo byambukiranya: Ufatanije n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amazi y’amazi cyangwa igipimo cy’amazi ya ultrasonic, ibona amakuru y’amazi nyayo. Ukoresheje imigezi yabanje kwipakurura imigezi yambukiranya amakuru, ibara igipimo nyacyo cyo gutemba (m³ / s).
  • Ikimenyetso Cyiburira: Igipimo cyurugendo nicyo kimenyetso cyerekana neza ubwinshi bwumwuzure. Iyo umuvuduko ukurikiranwa na metero ya radar urenze umuburo wateganijwe cyangwa ibyago byateganijwe, sisitemu itera imenyesha mubyiciro bitandukanye, igura igihe cyingenzi cyo kwimuka kumanuka.

3. Sensor de Sensor - “Umutekano Murinzi” kubikorwa Remezo

• Ahantu hoherezwa: Imigezi ikomeye, ingomero zomugezi, ahahanamye, ninkombe zinzuzi zikunze kwibasirwa na tekinoroji.
• Imikorere n'uruhare:
  • Igenzura ryubuzima bwubaka: Koresha ibyuma bya GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Sisitemu) ibyuma byimura hamwe na inclinometer mu mwanya wo gukomeza guhora ukurikirana kwimuka kurwego rwa milimetero, gutura, hamwe no kugoreka ahantu hahanamye.
  • Ingomero / Kumena Kunanirwa Kuburira: Mugihe cyumwuzure, kuzamuka kwamazi bigira igitutu kinini kumiterere ya hydraulic. Ibyuma bisimbuza birashobora gutahura hakiri kare, ibimenyetso byoroshye byerekana imiterere idahwitse. Niba igipimo cyo kwimuka cyihuta gitunguranye, sisitemu ihita itanga amakuru yumutekano wubatswe, ikumira imyuzure yibiza iterwa no kunanirwa kwubwubatsi.

Sisitemu Akazi na Ibisubizo Byagezweho

1. Kwishakira amakuru no kohereza: Amajana ya sensor node mu kibase ikusanya amakuru buri minota 5-10 hanyuma ikohereza mubipaki mukigo cyamakuru cyicu ukoresheje umuyoboro wa IoT.
2. Isesengura ryamakuru hamwe nisesengura ryikitegererezo: Ihuriro rikuru ryakira kandi rihuza amakuru menshi aturuka ku bipimo by'imvura, metero zitwara radar, hamwe na sensor de displacement. Aya makuru agaburirwa muburyo bwa hydro-meteorologiya na hydraulic yerekana uburyo bwo kwigana imyuzure mugihe nyacyo.
3. Ubwenge Bwambere Kuburira no Gushyigikira Icyemezo:
   • Urugero rwa 1: Ibipimo by'imvura kumusozi wo hejuru byerekana umuyaga ukaze; icyitegererezo gihita gihanura impanuka yumwuzure urenze urwego rwo kuburira uzagera mumujyi A mumasaha 3. Sisitemu ihita yohereza umuburo ishami rishinzwe gukumira ibiza.
   • Urugero rwa 2: Imetero ya radar itemba kumugezi unyura mumujyi wa B yerekana umuvuduko wihuta wihuta mugihe cyisaha imwe, hamwe n’amazi ari hafi kurenga levee. Sisitemu itera kumenyesha umutuku kandi itanga amabwiriza yo kwimuka byihutirwa kubatuye ku ruzi hifashishijwe porogaramu zigendanwa, imbuga nkoranyambaga, hamwe n’ibiganiro byihutirwa.
   • Urugero rwa 3: Ibyuma bisimburanya ku gice gishaje cya levee kuri Point C byerekana kugenda bidasanzwe, bigatuma sisitemu yerekana ibyago byo gusenyuka. Ikigo cyubuyobozi gishobora guhita cyohereza amakipi yubuhanga kugirango bongere imbaraga kandi babanze bahungishe abaturage mukarere ka risque.
4. Ibisubizo byo gusaba:
   • Kongera igihe cyo Kuburira Igihe: Ugereranije nuburyo gakondo, igihe cyo kuburira umwuzure cyateye imbere kuva kumasaha 2-4 kugeza kumasaha 6-12.
   • Gutezimbere Gufata Ibyemezo bya siyansi Rigor: Moderi yubumenyi ishingiye kumibare nyayo yasimbuye uburambe bushingiye kuburambe bwa fuzzy, ifata ibyemezo nkigikorwa cyibigega hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gutandukanya imyuzure neza.
   • Kugabanuka kw'igihombo: Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’umwuzure nyuma yo koherezwa muri sisitemu, cyakemuye neza ibintu bibiri bikomeye by’umwuzure, bivugwa ko byagabanije igihombo cy’ubukungu ku kigereranyo cya 30% kandi kigahitanwa na zeru.
   • Kunoza imikoranire rusange: Binyuze mubikorwa rusange bigendanwa, abaturage barashobora kugenzura imvura nigihe cyimvura namakuru y’amazi hafi yabo, bikongerera ubumenyi bwo gukumira ibiza.

Inzitizi hamwe nigihe kizaza

• Inzitizi: Ishoramari ryambere ryambere; imiyoboro y'itumanaho ikwirakwizwa mu turere twa kure ikomeje kuba ikibazo; igihe kirekire sensor ihamye hamwe no kurwanya kwangiza bisaba gukomeza kubungabungwa.
• Future Outlook: Gahunda zirimo kumenyekanisha algorithm ya AI kugirango turusheho kunoza neza iteganyagihe; guhuza icyogajuru cya kure cyo kumva amakuru yo kwagura igenzura; no gucukumbura isano ryimbitse hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyimijyi hamwe na sisitemu yo gukoresha amazi yubuhinzi kugirango hubakwe uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga “Ikibaya cyuruzi rwa Smart”.

Incamake:
Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana uburyo imikorere yo guhuza Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges (kumva inkomoko), Radar Flow Meters (gukurikirana inzira), hamwe na Sensors Sensors (kurinda ibikorwa remezo) byubaka uburyo bwuzuye, bwo kugenzura imyuzure no kuburira hakiri kare - kuva "ikirere" kugeza "hasi", kuva "isoko" kugeza "muburyo." Ibi ntibigaragaza gusa icyerekezo kigezweho cya tekinoroji yo kurwanya imyuzure mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya ariko inatanga uburambe bufatika bwo gucunga imyuzure ku isi mu bibaya bisa.

Byuzuye bya seriveri hamwe na software idafite module, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS / 4g / WIFI / LORA / LORAWAN

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