Imikorere y’ubuhanga mu by’amazi mu bijyanye n’ibidukikije ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga umutungo w’uburobyi. Umuvuduko w’amazi uzwiho kugira ingaruka ku gutera kw’amafi atanga amagi arembera. Ubu bushakashatsi bugamije gusuzuma ingaruka zo gukangura umuvuduko w’amazi ku gukura kw’intanga no ku bushobozi bwo kurwanya antioxidant bw’intanga ngabo z’ibyatsi by’abantu bakuru (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) binyuze mu igerageza rya laboratwari kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo umubiri ukoresha mu gusubiza uko ibintu bimera mu buryo busanzwe ku miterere y’ibidukikije. Twasuzumye histology, imisemburo y’ibitsina n’ingano ya vitellogenin (VTG) mu ntanga ngabo, hamwe n’inyandiko z’uturemangingo tw’ingenzi mu gice cya hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG), ndetse n’imikorere ya antioxidant y’intanga ngabo n’umwijima mu ntanga ngabo z’ibyatsi. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko nubwo nta tandukaniro rigaragara ku miterere y’intanga ngabo z’intanga ngabo z’intanga ngabo munsi y’umuvuduko w’amazi, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP), n’ingano ya VTG byari byiyongereye, byari bifitanye isano no kugenzura uburyo HPG axis genes zikora. Urugero rw'igaragazwa ry'uturemangingo (gnrh2, fshβ, lhβ, cgα, hsd20b, hsd17b3, na vtg) mu gice cya HPG rwazamutse cyane bitewe no gukangura umuvuduko w'amazi, mu gihe urwa hsd3b1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, hsd17b1, inyenyeri, na igf3 rwagabanutse. Byongeye kandi, gukangura umuvuduko w'amazi bikwiye byashoboraga kongera ubuzima bw'umubiri binyuze mu kongera ibikorwa bya enzymes zirwanya okisidanti mu dusabo tw'intanga ngore no mu mwijima. Ibisubizo by'ubu bushakashatsi bitanga ubumenyi bw'ibanze n'inkunga y'amakuru ku mikorere y'imishinga y'ingufu z'amazi no kuvugurura ibidukikije byo mu migezi.
Intangiriro
Urugomero rw'Imyuzure Itatu (TGD), ruherereye mu gace ko hagati k'Uruzi rwa Yangtze, ni wo mushinga munini ku isi w'ingufu z'amazi kandi ugira uruhare runini mu gukoresha no gukoresha ingufu z'uruzi (Tang et al., 2016). Ariko, imikorere ya TGD ntihindura cyane gusa imikorere y'amazi y'imigezi ahubwo inabangamira ibidukikije byo mu mazi haba mu majyaruguru no mu nkengero z'aho urugomero ruherereye, bityo bigatera kwangirika kw'urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo ku nkengero z'imigezi (Zhang et al., 2021). Mu buryo burambuye, kugenzura ibigega bihuza inzira z'imigezi kandi bigaca intege cyangwa bigakuraho imisozi y'imyuzure karemano, bityo bigatuma amagi y'amafi agabanuka (She et al., 2023).
Imikorere y’amafi yo mu bwoko bwa “fertile” ishobora guterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije, harimo umuvuduko w’amazi, ubushyuhe bw’amazi, na ogisijeni yashongeshejwe. Binyuze mu kugira uruhare mu ikorwa ry’imisemburo no gusohora imisemburo, ibi bintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije bigira ingaruka ku mikurire y’amafi (Liu et al., 2021). By’umwihariko, umuvuduko w’amazi wagaragaye ko ugira ingaruka ku ivuka ry’amafi atanga amagi mu migezi (Chen et al., 2021a). Kugira ngo tugabanye ingaruka mbi z’ibikorwa byo mu rugo ku ivuka ry’amafi, ni ngombwa gushyiraho uburyo bwihariye bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu bidukikije kugira ngo amafi yororoke (Wang et al., 2020).
Inyamaswa enye zikomeye zo mu Bushinwa (FMCC), harimo inyange z’umukara (Mylopharyngodon piceus), inyange z’ibyatsi (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), inyange z’ifeza (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), na inyange nini (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), zikunze kwibasirwa cyane n’amazi, zihagarariye amafi afite akamaro kanini mu bukungu mu Bushinwa. Abaturage ba FMCC bimukira aho amafi abyarira maze bagatangira kubyara bitewe n’amazi menshi ava mu kwezi kwa Werurwe kugeza Kamena, mu gihe kubaka no gukoresha TGD bihindura uburyo amazi asanzwe agenda kandi bikabangamira kwimuka kw’amafi (Zhang et al., 2023). Kubwibyo, gushyira urujya n’uruza rw’ibidukikije muri gahunda y’imikorere ya TGD byaba ari ingamba zo kugabanya urujya n’uruza rw’amafi mu kurinda kororoka kw’amafi. Byagaragaye ko gushyira mu bikorwa imyuzure igenzurwa n’abantu nk’igice cy’ibikorwa bya TGD byongera intsinzi yo kororoka kwa FMCC mu turere two hasi (Xiao et al., 2022). Kuva mu 2011, hakozwe ingamba nyinshi zo guteza imbere imyitwarire yo guterana kw'amazi muri FMCC kugira ngo bigabanye igabanuka rya FMCC ituruka ku ruzi rwa Yangtze. Byagaragaye ko umuvuduko w'amazi utera guterana kw'amazi muri FMCC wari hagati ya 1.11 na 1.49 m/s (Cao et al., 2022), hamwe n'umuvuduko mwiza wa 1.31 m/s wabonetse kugira ngo FMCC itere mu migezi (Chen et al., 2021a). Nubwo umuvuduko w'amazi ugira uruhare runini mu guterana kw'amazi muri FMCC, hari ubushakashatsi buke cyane ku mikorere y'ibinyabuzima ishingiye ku gusubiza guterana kw'amazi mu buryo busanzwe ku miyoboro y'amazi mu bidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2024