Uburyo Imvura Gauge Sensors Ihindura Igenamigambi ryimijyi muri Amerika yo Hagati na Amerika yepfo

Itariki: Ku ya 21 Mutarama 2025

Mu mijyi ikomeye ikwirakwijwe muri Amerika yo Hagati no mu majyepfo, imvura ntabwo irenze ikirere; nimbaraga zikomeye zigira ubuzima bwa miriyoni. Kuva mu mihanda yuzuye ya Bogotá, muri Kolombiya, kugera ku mayira meza ya Valparaíso, muri Chili, gucunga neza umutungo w’amazi biragenda biba ingenzi cyane kubera ko imijyi ihura n’ibibazo bigenda byiyongera bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, imyuzure yo mu mijyi, ndetse n’ibura ry’amazi.

Mu myaka yashize, igisubizo gishya cyatangiye kugaragara hejuru yinzu, parike, hamwe n’ahantu hahurira abantu benshi: ibyuma byerekana imvura. Ibi bikoresho byubwenge, bipima neza imvura mugihe nyacyo, biratanga inzira yo kunoza igenamigambi ryimijyi, ibikorwa remezo byitabirwa, hamwe no guhangana n’abaturage.

Guhindukira mu ikoranabuhanga: Kuzamuka kw'imvura ya Gauge

Mu bihe byashize, abategura umujyi bashingiraga kuri raporo z’ikirere rimwe na rimwe ndetse n’uburyo butajyanye n'igihe cyo gucunga amazi y’imvura no gutanga umutungo. Kwinjiza ibyuma byerekana imvura byahinduye iyi paradizo ishaje. Mugutanga amakuru yimvura asobanutse neza, ashingiye kumwanya, ibyo byuma bifasha abayobozi mumijyi gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubijyanye na sisitemu yo gufata amazi, ingamba zo gukumira imyuzure, hamwe ningamba zo kubungabunga amazi.

Mariana Cruz, injeniyeri w’ibidukikije ukorana n’ikigo cya Bogotá Metropolitan Planning Institute, yabisobanuye agira ati: “Muri Bogotá, aho imvura nyinshi ishobora gutera umwuzure ukabije, kubona amakuru ku gihe nyacyo bidufasha kumenya no guhangana n’ibihe byihutirwa. Mbere, twafataga ibyemezo dushingiye ku makuru y’amateka adahora agaragaza uko ibintu bimeze ubu.”

Kubaka Imijyi Yubwenge: Kwinjiza Sensors Mubishushanyo mbonera

Hirya no hino muri Amerika yo Hagati no mu majyepfo, imijyi ikoresha imbaraga za interineti yibintu (IoT) kugirango ishyire mubikorwa ibisubizo byubwenge mumijyi. Mu mijyi nka São Paulo, Burezili, na Quito, muri uquateur, hashyizweho imiyoboro yerekana ibyuma byerekana imvura mu rwego rwo kwagura umujyi ufite ubwenge.

Urugero, muri São Paulo, umujyi watangije umushinga wa "Smart Rain", uhuza ibyuma birenga 300 mu karere ka metropolitani. Izi sensor zigaburira amakuru muri sisitemu igizwe nigicu gifasha abayobozi bumugi gukurikirana imiterere yimvura no guhanura imyuzure ishobora kubaho mugihe nyacyo.

Carlos Mendes, umuyobozi w’umushinga hamwe na guverinoma y’Umujyi wa São Paulo, yagize ati: "Dukomeje gukurikirana, dushobora kumenya uturere tw’umujyi dushobora guhura n’umwuzure no kumenyesha abaturage mbere y’ibiza. Iri koranabuhanga rirokora ubuzima n’umutungo."

Gusezerana kw'abaturage: Guha imbaraga abaturage baho

Ingaruka z'imashini zerekana imvura zirenze za komine; banaha imbaraga abaturage. Imijyi myinshi yafatanije ninzego zibanze gushiraho no kubungabunga ibyo byuma, bituma habaho imyumvire nyirubwite. Mu gushishikariza abaturage kugira uruhare mu gukurikirana ibidukikije, imijyi irashobora gutsimbataza umuco wo guhangana n’ibiza biterwa n’ikirere.

I Medellín, muri Kolombiya, gahunda yibanze izwi nka“Lluvia y Ciudad”(Imvura n'Umujyi) birimo abakorerabushake baho mugushiraho no gucunga ibyuma byerekana imvura aho batuye. Ubu bufatanye ntabwo bwatanze amakuru y’ingirakamaro gusa ahubwo bwanateje ibiganiro bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, imicungire y’amazi, ndetse n’imijyi irambye.

Varvaro Pérez, umuyobozi w’umuganda muri Medellín, yagize ati: "Kwishora mu baturage bituma barushaho kumenya kubungabunga amazi n’akamaro k’imikorere irambye. Abantu batangira kumva ko buri gitonyanga kibarwa, kandi gishobora kugira uruhare mu buzima bw’ibidukikije."

Guhura n'ibibazo: Umuhanda uri imbere

Nubwo hari iterambere ryiza, guhuza ibyuma byerekana imvura mu igenamigambi ry’imijyi ntabwo ari imbogamizi. Ibibazo nkibishobora kugerwaho namakuru, ubumenyi bwikoranabuhanga, hamwe ninkunga yo kubungabunga bigomba gukemurwa kugirango imikorere ya sisitemu ikorwe neza.

Byongeye kandi, hari ibyago byo kurenza amakuru. Hamwe na sensor nyinshi zitanga amakuru menshi, abategura imijyi nabafata ibyemezo bagomba gushyiraho uburyo bunoze bwo gusesengura no gukoresha amakuru muburyo bufite intego. Ubufatanye hagati ya za kaminuza, amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga, n’inzego z’ibanze ni ngombwa mu kubaka urwego rwo gusesengura amakuru rushobora gutwara politiki n'ibikorwa byiza.

Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

Mugihe imijyi yo muri Amerika yo Hagati na Amerika yepfo ikomeje gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, uruhare rwibipimo byerekana imvura biziyongera gusa. Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere yongerera inshuro nyinshi ubukana n’imvura, ibyo bikoresho bizagira uruhare runini mu gufasha imijyi kumenyera no gutera imbere mu bidukikije bihinduka vuba.

Mu gusoza, kwinjizamo ibyuma byerekana imvura ntabwo ari ugupima imvura gusa - byerekana uburyo bwo gutekereza mbere yo gutegura imijyi no gutegura ibiza. Mugukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kwishora mubaturage, no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye, imijyi yo muri Amerika yo Hagati na Amerika yepfo ntabwo ihura ninkubi y'umuyaga gusa ahubwo yitegura guhura nayo imbonankubone. Mugihe imijyi igenda ihinduka imijyi yubwenge, ibitonyanga byimvura ntibizaba bikiri imbaraga zitateganijwe ahubwo ni amakuru yingenzi yo gufata ibyemezo bigamije ejo hazaza.

Kubindi byinshiigipimo cy'imvuraamakuru,

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