Mu buryo bwa siyansi bwo kuhira neza no gucunga neza umutungo w’amazi y’ubutaka, ikibazo gikomeye kiri mu kuba ibikoresho bisanzwe bipima ingingo bishobora gusa gufata imiterere y’ "ingingo" runaka mu butaka ako kanya, mu gihe amazi anyurwa n’imizi y’ibihingwa, kwinjira kw’amazi, kwimuka k’umunyu no kuba amapfa byose ari inzira zihoraho zibera ku "mbonerahamwe". Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, isosiyete ya HONDE yatangije uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y’ubushuhe bw’ubutaka mu buryo bw’imiyoboro. Iki gicuruzwa, gifite igitekerezo cyihariye cyo gushushanya, gihuza "ingingo" zitandukanye mu "mirongo" ihoraho, kigera ku kugenzura ubushuhe bw’ubutaka mu buryo budasenya, bw’igihe kirekire kandi buri mu mwanya wacyo ku miyoboro ihagaze, bitanga urwego rw’amakuru adasanzwe mu bushakashatsi ku buhinzi, ibidukikije n’amazi.
I. Igitekerezo cy'ibicuruzwa: Intambwe iva ku "foto imwe" ikagera ku "ishusho y'igice"
Sisitemu ya HONDE tubular sensor igizwe n'umuyoboro ukomeye wa pulasitiki cyangwa ceramic (witwa "umuyoboro wo kwinjira") hamwe n'icyuma gipima uburebure gishobora guhindurwamo ibipimo byinshi. Iki cyuma gishobora kumanurwa mu burebure butandukanye imbere mu muyoboro hakoreshejwe insinga kugira ngo gipimwe, cyangwa kigashyirwa ku burebure bwihariye kugira ngo gikurikiranwe igihe kirekire.
Ihame ry'ingenzi rya tekiniki: Ubusanzwe iyi probe ishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kugarura ikirere cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kugarura ikirere. Ikora amashanyarazi ahuza ubutaka bukikije binyuze mu rukuta rw'umuyoboro kandi igapima amazi menshi, amashanyarazi atwara n'ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka hanze y'umuyoboro.
Inyungu y'impinduramatwara
Amakuru ajyanye n'imiterere y'amazi: Ishobora gupima imiterere y'amazi/umunyu/ubushyuhe kuva hejuru kugeza ku bice by'ubujyakuzimu (ubusanzwe metero 1, metero 2 cyangwa uburebure), ikagaragaza neza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi, uburebure bw'amazi yo mu mizi n'imiterere y'umunyu.
Gukurikirana igihe kirekire ahantu hakorerwa ubushakashatsi: Gushyiramo rimwe, gupima burundu. Icupa ntirihura n'ingaruka zifatika cyangwa za shimi ku butaka, birinda ko ubutaka bugwa cyangwa kwangirika guterwa no gufungana, kwaguka cyangwa kwangirika k'umunyu mu byuma bisanzwe bikoresha. Amakuru ahoraho ni menshi cyane.
Uburyo bworoshye bwo kugera ku bintu byinshi: Sisitemu imwe ishobora gupima byoroshye ubujyakuzimu bwinshi ku murongo umwe ugororotse, hamwe n'imikorere ihenze cyane. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rya probe rishobora kuvugururwa cyangwa gusimburwa mu gihe kizaza hatabayeho kongera gucukura ubutaka.
Ii. Imiterere y'Ikoreshwa ry'Ishingiro n'Agaciro ka Siyansi
Kuhira neza no gucunga amazi n'ifumbire mvaruganda neza
Aha niho agaciro kayo kagaragara cyane. Ubu buryo buyobora kuhira kugira ngo hagerwe ku ntambwe nziza binyuze mu kugaragaza imiterere y'amazi mu butaka:
Kumenya igihe n'ingano yo kuhira: Si ukumenya gusa "ubuso bwumye", ahubwo no kumenya "niba urwego rw'imizi rudafite amazi menshi" n'"uburebure bw'amazi yarohamye". Ishobora gushyira mu bikorwa neza "kugenzura amazi no kubika ingemwe" cyangwa "kuhira mu buryo bwimbitse" kugira ngo itume imizi yinjira kandi yongere ubushobozi bwo kurwanya stress z'ibihingwa.
Kunoza ingamba zo kuhira: Garagaza neza imiterere n'ubujyakuzimu bw'imbere hatose nyuma yo kuhira amazi cyangwa kuhira imiyoboro, genzura neza ko kuhira bingana, vugurura umuvuduko w'amazi n'intera y'aho imiyoboro inyura, kandi wirinde ko amazi anyura cyane cyangwa ko amazi adahagije.
Gucunga uko amazi n'ifumbire bihurira: Gukurikirana neza imiterere y'umunyu kugira ngo hirindwe ko umunyu wiyongera mu gice cy'imizi giterwa no gufumbira no gusuzuma uburyo amazi yamenetse.
2. Ubushakashatsi ku birebana n'amapfa n'ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'amazi y'ibidukikije
Gukurikirana ikigega cy'ubutaka: Gupima neza uburyo amazi y'ubutaka abikwa n'uko akoreshwa mu butaka mu byiciro bitandukanye by'ubutaka, utanga amakuru ya siyansi ashingiye ku mikorere isanzwe yo gusuzuma amapfa yo mu karere.
Ubushakashatsi ku mikoreshereze y'amazi mu bidukikije: Gukurikirana ikoreshwa ry'amazi yo mu butaka bwimbitse n'ibiti cyangwa ibihingwa bifite imizi miremire, kwiga isano iri hagati y'ibimera n'amazi yo mu butaka, no gutanga ishingiro ry'ingenzi mu ikoreshwa ry'amazi mu bidukikije no mu igabanywa ry'umutungo kamere w'amazi.
3. Gukurikirana ibiza bya geologiya n'imiterere y'imisozi
Mu nzego zitari iz'ubuhinzi, ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu gukurikirana urujya n'uruza rw'amazi n'impinduka mu muvuduko w'amazi mu misozi, ku nkengero z'umuhanda cyangwa ku ngomero, kandi ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukurikirana ibiza bya geologiya nk'inkangu n'isenyuka.
4. Isuzuma ry'imiyoborere n'ingaruka nziza z'ubutaka bw'umunyu n'ibirungo
Mu gukurikirana buri gihe uburyo umunyu usohoka, ubwiyongere bw’amazi mu kirere n’uburyo umunyu ugenda uhinduka mu bihe bitandukanye mu gihe kirekire, ingaruka nyazo z’uburyo butandukanye bwo kunoza (nk’ikoreshwa rya gypsum, imiyoboro y’amazi ihishe, no kuhira amazi mu buryo bworohereza amazi) zishobora gusuzumwa mu buryo bw’ingano, biganisha ku iterambere rya siyansi.
Iii. Ibyiza bya tekiniki n'imiterere ya sisitemu
Ubuhanga bwo hejuru n'ubucucike buke: Binyuze mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kumenya, ubuziranenge bwo gupima ubushuhe bushobora kugera kuri ± 2% (ingano y'amazi y'umuvuduko), kandi igipimo cy'ubucucike buri mwaka kiba gito cyane, bigatuma amakuru y'igihe kirekire aboneka mu buryo bwa siyansi.
Umuyoboro ukomeye kandi uramba: Ukozwe mu bikoresho birwanya ingese n'ubushyuhe buke, utuma habaho igihe kirekire mu butaka butandukanye nta ngaruka ku buhinzi.
Gushakisha no kohereza amakuru mu buryo bw'ubwenge: Itsinda rishobora guhuzwa n'icyuma gikusanya amakuru gifite imikorere myinshi, gishyigikira ingufu z'izuba n'itumanaho rya 4G/NB-IoT ridafite umugozi, bigatuma habaho gupima amakuru mu buryo bwa kure no kuyakoresha mu buryo bwihuse.
Porogaramu y’ubuhanga mu gusesengura amakuru: Porogaramu ifite ibikoresho ishobora kwerekana mu buryo bugaragara impinduka zigaragara mu miterere y’ubushuhe/umunyu/ubushyuhe, gukora ikarita y’imiterere y’amazi, no gukora imibare y’ubujyakuzimu (nk’uburyo amazi yose abikwa mu mizi).
Iv. Urubanza rw'ubuhanga: Kubungabunga amazi yimbitse hakoreshejwe amakuru
Mu kigo kinini cy’igerageza cyo kugabanya amazi mu gusimburanya ibigori by’ingano n’impeshyi mu gace k’Amajyaruguru y’Ubushinwa, abashakashatsi bashyizeho uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y’ibihingwa bya HONDE. Binyuze mu gukurikirana ibihe bibiri by’ihinga bikurikiranye, basanze:
Mu gihe cyo kuhira mu buryo busanzwe, amazi arenga 60% y’amazi yo kuhira anyura mu bice birebire biri munsi ya metero imwe aho imizi yayo igorwa no kuyakoresha.
Ubujyakuzimu bw'ingenzi bw'ingano mu gihe cyo gufatanya ni santimetero 40 kugeza kuri 60, mu gihe ibigori bishobora gukoresha neza amazi y'ubutaka ku bujyakuzimu bwa santimetero 80 kugeza ku 100 mu gihe cyo kuzuza imbuto.
Bashingiye kuri aya makuru, bashyizeho uburyo bwo kuhira bunoze bwo “kongera amazi hakurikijwe ubujyakuzimu bw’uruti rw’umuzi”. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu rwego rwo kwemeza umusaruro, ikoreshwa ry’amazi yo kuhira mu gihe cyose cyo kuzenguruka ryagabanutseho 32%, kandi ibyago byo gusohora ifumbire ya azote nabyo byaragabanutse cyane. Ibyagezweho n’uyu mushinga byatanze inkunga ikomeye y’amakuru ya siyansi mu gushyiraho politiki zo kubungabunga amazi mu karere.
Umwanzuro
Urugendo rw'ubushuhe bw'ubutaka ni urugendo rutuje ariko rw'ingenzi rubera "munsi y'ubutaka". Imashini ipima ubushuhe bw'ubutaka ya HONDE, nka "CT scanner" ijyanye n'imiterere y'ubutaka, ituma uru rugendo rusobanutse, rupimwe kandi rugenzurwa. Irenga inzitizi zo gupima ingingo gakondo kandi itanga igikoresho kidasimburwa kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo bwo gutwara amazi mu kirere cy'ubutaka, ibimera n'ikirere, kandi ishyireho ingamba za siyansi zo gucunga umutungo. Kuva ku butaka bukurikirana "kubungabunga amazi" kugeza ku nkengero z'imigezi ziga "uburinganire bw'amazi", hanyuma kugeza ku misozi iburira "ubushuhe", iki gicuruzwa kirinda umutekano n'ikoreshwa rirambye ry'amazi n'ubutaka mu rwego rwagutse hamwe n'ubushobozi bwacyo bwihariye bwo gukurikirana imiterere y'ubutaka, gishyira imbere ubuhinzi bunoze n'ubushakashatsi ku bidukikije mu buryo bwimbitse.
Ku bijyanye na HONDE: Nk'umuyobozi mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhanga mu kugenzura ubutaka n'ubushuhe, HONDE yiyemeje kugaragaza inzira zigoye zo mu butaka binyuze mu buryo bushya bwo kumenya. Twizera ko gusobanukirwa neza amazi, umunyu n'ubushyuhe bw'imiterere y'ubutaka ari inkingi ya siyansi yo gukemura ikibazo cy'umutekano w'ibiribwa, ibura ry'amazi n'ibibazo by'ibidukikije.
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho by'ubutaka, nyamuneka hamagara Honde Technology Co., LTD.
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