Mu myaka ya vuba aha, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde, ku bufatanye n'ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga, yateje imbere cyane ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gupima ubutaka bikoreshwa mu ntoki, bigamije gufasha abahinzi kunoza ibyemezo byo gutera, kongera umusaruro w'ibihingwa, no kugabanya ipfa ry'umutungo binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhinzi rigezweho. Iki gikorwa cyageze ku musaruro utangaje mu ntara nyinshi zikomeye z'ubuhinzi kandi cyabaye intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry'ubuhinzi mu Buhinde.
Inkomoko: Imbogamizi zihura n'ubuhinzi
Ubuhinde ni bwo bwa kabiri ku isi mu buhinzi butanga umusaruro mwinshi, aho ubuhinzi bungana na 15% by'umusaruro rusange w'igihugu kandi butanga akazi karenga 50%. Ariko, umusaruro w'ubuhinzi mu Buhinde umaze igihe uhura n'ibibazo byinshi, birimo kwangirika k'ubutaka, ibura ry'amazi, ikoreshwa nabi ry'ifumbire mvaruganda, n'ingaruka z'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Abahinzi benshi babura uburyo bwa siyansi bwo gupima ubutaka, bigatuma ifumbire mvaruganda idakora neza kandi ikahira, kandi umusaruro w'ibihingwa biragoye kunozwa.
Mu gukemura ibi bibazo, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yagaragaje ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhinzi bunoze nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'iterambere kandi yateje imbere cyane ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gupima ubutaka bikoreshwa mu ntoki. Ibi bikoresho bishobora kumenya vuba ubushuhe bw'ubutaka, pH, intungamubiri n'ibindi bipimo by'ingenzi kugira ngo bifashe abahinzi gukora gahunda zigezweho zo gutera.
Gutangiza umushinga: Kwamamaza ibikoresho by'ubutaka bikoreshwa mu ntoki
Mu 2020, Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi n'Imibereho Myiza y'Abahinzi mu Buhinde, ku bufatanye n'ibigo byinshi by'ikoranabuhanga, yatangije verisiyo ivuguruye ya gahunda ya "Soil Health Card" kugira ngo ishyiremo ibikoresho byo mu butaka bikoreshwa mu ntoki. Byakozwe n'ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu gace, ibyo bikoresho birahendutse kandi biroroshye gukoresha, bigatuma biba byiza ku bahinzi bato.
Imashini ikoresha icyuma gipima ubutaka, iyo ishyizwe mu butaka, ishobora gutanga amakuru nyayo ku butaka mu minota mike. Abahinzi bashobora kureba ibisubizo binyuze kuri porogaramu ya telefoni igendanwa kandi bakabona inama zihariye zo gufumbira no kuhira. Iri koranabuhanga ntirizigama gusa igihe n'ikiguzi cyo gupima gakondo muri laboratwari, ahubwo rinafasha abahinzi guhindura ingamba zabo zo gutera bitewe n'imiterere y'ubutaka.
Inyigo y'urugero: Imyitozo yagenze neza muri Punjab
Punjab ni kamwe mu turere twita ku buhinzi bw’ibiribwa mu Buhinde kandi kazwiho guhinga ingano n’umuceri. Ariko, gukoresha ifumbire nyinshi igihe kirekire no kuhira nabi byatumye ubutaka bugabanuka, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w’ibihingwa. Mu 2021, Ishami ry’Ubuhinzi rya Punjab ryagerageje ibikoresho byo gupima ubutaka mu midugudu myinshi, maze bitanga umusaruro utangaje.
Baldev Singh, umuhinzi wo muri ako gace, yagize ati: “Mbere yuko dukoresha ifumbire kubera ubunararibonye, twakoreshaga ifumbire mvaruganda kandi ubutaka bwagendaga burushaho kuba bubi. Ubu hamwe n’iyi sensor, nshobora kumenya icyo ubutaka bubura n’ingano yo gukoresha. Umwaka ushize nongereye umusaruro w’ingano ku kigero cya 20 ku ijana kandi nagabanyije ikiguzi cy’ifumbire ku kigero cya 30 ku ijana.”
Imibare ituruka mu ishami ry’ubuhinzi rya Punjab igaragaza ko abahinzi bakoresha ibikoresho byo gupima ubutaka mu ntoki bagabanyije ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire ku mpuzandengo ya 15-20 ku ijana mu gihe umusaruro w’ibihingwa wongera 10-25 ku ijana. Ibi bivamo ntibikongera amafaranga y’abahinzi gusa, ahubwo binafasha kugabanya ingaruka mbi z’ubuhinzi ku bidukikije.
Inkunga ya leta n'amahugurwa y'abahinzi
Kugira ngo leta y'Ubuhinde yemeze ko ikoreshwa cyane mu gupima ubutaka, yatanze inkunga kugira ngo abahinzi bashobore kugura ibikoresho ku giciro gito. Byongeye kandi, leta yafatanyije n'ibigo bikora ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi kugira ngo bakore gahunda zitandukanye z'amahugurwa yo gufasha abahinzi kumenya gukoresha ibikoresho no kunoza uburyo bwo gutera hashingiwe ku makuru.
Narendra Singh Tomar, Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi n’Imibereho Myiza y’Abahinzi, yagize ati: “Ibyuma bipima ubutaka bikoreshwa n’intoki ni igikoresho cy’ingenzi mu kuvugurura ubuhinzi bw’Ubuhinde. Ntabwo byafashije abahinzi kongera umusaruro wabo n’amafaranga binjiza gusa, ahubwo byanateje imbere ubuhinzi burambye. Tuzakomeza kwagura uburyo iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa kugira ngo rigere ku bahinzi benshi.”
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza: Gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga no guhuza amakuru
Utwuma dukoresha intoki tw’ubutaka twashyizwe mu bikorwa mu ntara nyinshi z’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde, harimo Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh na Gujarat. Guverinoma y’Ubuhinde irateganya kwagura iri koranabuhanga ku bahinzi miliyoni 10 mu gihugu hose mu myaka itatu iri imbere no kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho.
Byongeye kandi, Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde irateganya gushyira amakuru yakusanyijwe n'ibikoresho by'ubutaka mu buryo bworoshye mu rwego rw'igihugu rw'amakuru y'ubuhinzi kugira ngo ishyigikire iterambere rya politiki n'ubushakashatsi ku buhinzi. Iyi ntambwe yitezweho kuzamura urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga n'ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ubuhinzi bw'Ubuhinde.
Umwanzuro
Gutangiza ibikoresho by’ubutaka bikoreshwa mu ntoki mu Buhinde bigaragaza intambwe ikomeye mu buhinzi bw’igihugu bukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi burambye. Binyuze mu kongerera ubushobozi ikoranabuhanga, abahinzi b’Abahinde bashobora gukoresha umutungo neza no kongera umusaruro mu gihe bigabanya ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. Uru rubanza rwatsinze ntirutanga ubunararibonye bw’agaciro gusa mu kuvugurura ubuhinzi bw’Ubuhinde, ahubwo runatanga urugero ku bindi bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi bugezweho. Bitewe no gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga, biteganijwe ko Ubuhinde buzagira umwanya ukomeye mu ikoranabuhanga ku rwego rw’isi mu buhinzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-03-2025