Ibyuma bifata ubutaka mu Buhinde: Gushoboza ubuhinzi bwuzuye kugirango umusaruro w’abahinzi wiyongere

Mu myaka yashize, guverinoma y’Ubuhinde, ku bufatanye n’amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga, yateje imbere cyane ikoreshwa ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, igamije gufasha abahinzi guhitamo ibyemezo by’ibihingwa, kongera umusaruro w’ibihingwa, no kugabanya imyanda ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi neza. Iyi gahunda imaze kugera ku ntera ishimishije mu ntara nyinshi z’ubuhinzi kandi yabaye intambwe ikomeye mu bikorwa byo kuvugurura ubuhinzi mu Buhinde.

Amavu n'amavuko: Ibibazo byugarije ubuhinzi
Ubuhinde n’igihugu cya kabiri mu bihugu bitanga umusaruro mu buhinzi, ubuhinzi bugera kuri 15 ku ijana bya GDP kandi butanga imirimo irenga 50 ku ijana. Nyamara, umusaruro w’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde umaze igihe kinini uhura n’ibibazo byinshi, birimo kwangirika kw’ubutaka, kubura amazi, gukoresha ifumbire mibi, n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Abahinzi benshi babuze uburyo bwo gupima ubutaka bwa siyansi, bikavamo ifumbire mvaruganda no kuhira imyaka, kandi umusaruro wibihingwa biragoye kuzamura.

Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibyo bibazo, guverinoma y’Ubuhinde yagaragaje ko ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi risobanutse neza nk’akarere k’iterambere ry’iterambere kandi ryateje imbere cyane ikoreshwa ry’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka. Ibi bikoresho birashobora kumenya vuba ubuhehere bwubutaka, pH, intungamubiri nibindi bimenyetso byingenzi bifasha abahinzi gukora gahunda yo gutera siyanse.

Gutangiza umushinga: Gutezimbere ibyuma bifata ibyuma byubutaka
Muri 2020, Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’imibereho myiza y’Abahinde, ku bufatanye n’amasosiyete menshi y’ikoranabuhanga, batangije verisiyo ishimishije ya gahunda ya “Ikarita y’ubuzima bw’ubutaka” kugira ngo hinjizwemo ibyuma bifata ibyuma byubutaka. Yatejwe imbere n’amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga yaho, ibyo byuma ntibihendutse kandi byoroshye gukora, bituma bibera abahinzi bato.

Ubutaka bukoreshwa nubutaka, bwinjijwe mubutaka, burashobora gutanga amakuru nyayo kubutaka mu minota mike. Abahinzi barashobora kureba ibisubizo babinyujije muri porogaramu ya terefone iherekejwe no kubona ifumbire yihariye hamwe n’inama zo kuhira. Iri koranabuhanga ntirizigama gusa igihe nigiciro cyo gupima laboratoire gakondo, ahubwo rifasha abahinzi guhindura ingamba zabo zo gutera bashingiye kumiterere yubutaka.

Inyigo: Imyitozo igenda neza muri Punjab
Punjab ni kamwe mu turere tw’ibicuruzwa bitanga ibiribwa mu Buhinde kandi bizwiho guhinga ingano n'umuceri. Nyamara, gufumbira igihe kirekire no kuhira bidakwiye byatumye igabanuka ry’ubutaka, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w’ibihingwa. Mu 2021, Ishami ry’ubuhinzi rya Punjab ryagerageje ibyuma bifata intoki mu midugudu myinshi bifite umusaruro ushimishije.

Baldev Singh, umuhinzi waho, yagize ati: "Mbere yuko twafumbira dukoresheje uburambe, twajyaga twangiza ifumbire kandi ubutaka bwarushagaho kuba bubi. Ubu hamwe na sensor, ndashobora kumenya icyo ubutaka bubura ndetse n’ifumbire mvaruganda yo gukoresha. Umwaka ushize nongereye umusaruro w'ingano ku gipimo cya 20% kandi ngabanya amafaranga y'ifumbire yanjye 30%."

Imibare yatanzwe n’ishami ry’ubuhinzi rya Punjab yerekana ko abahinzi bakoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma by’ubutaka bagabanije gukoresha ifumbire ku kigereranyo cya 15-20 ku ijana mu gihe umusaruro w’ibihingwa wiyongereyeho 10-25%. Iki gisubizo nticyongera umusaruro w’abahinzi gusa, ahubwo gifasha no kugabanya ingaruka mbi z’ubuhinzi ku bidukikije.

Inkunga ya leta n'amahugurwa y'abahinzi
Kugira ngo ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikoreshwa mu butaka, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatanze inkunga yo gufasha abahinzi kugura ibikoresho ku giciro gito. Byongeye kandi, guverinoma yafatanije n’amasosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi gukora gahunda zitandukanye z’amahugurwa agamije gufasha abahinzi kumenya gukoresha ibikoresho n’uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere y’ibihingwa bishingiye ku makuru.

Minisitiri w’ubuhinzi n’imibereho myiza y’abahinzi, Narendra Singh Tomar, yagize ati: “Imashini zikoresha ubutaka ni igikoresho cy’ingenzi mu kuvugurura ubuhinzi bw’Abahinde. Ntabwo bwafashije abahinzi kongera umusaruro n’umusaruro urambye, ahubwo tunateza imbere ubuhinzi burambye. Tuzakomeza kwagura ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo tugere ku bahinzi benshi.”

Icyerekezo kizaza: Gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga no guhuza amakuru
Ibyuma bifata intoki byashyizwe ahagaragara mu bihugu byinshi by’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde, birimo Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh na Gujarat. Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde irateganya kugeza ubwo buhanga ku bahinzi miliyoni 10 mu gihugu hose mu myaka itatu iri imbere no kurushaho kugabanya ibiciro by'ibikoresho.

Byongeye kandi, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde irateganya kwinjiza amakuru yakusanyirijwe hamwe n’ubutaka bw’ubutaka mu Ihuriro ry’igihugu ry’ubuhinzi mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iterambere rya politiki n’ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi. Iyi ntambwe iteganijwe kurushaho kuzamura urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga no guhangana mu buhinzi bw'Ubuhinde.

Umwanzuro
Kwinjiza ibyuma bifata ibyuma byubutaka mu Buhinde byerekana intambwe yingenzi iganisha ku buryo burambye kandi burambye mu buhinzi bw’igihugu. Binyuze mu kongerera ubumenyi ikoranabuhanga, abahinzi bo mu Buhinde bashoboye gukoresha umutungo neza no kongera umusaruro mu gihe bagabanya ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. Uru rubanza rwatsinze ntabwo rutanga uburambe bwingenzi mu kuvugurura ubuhinzi bw’Ubuhinde, ahubwo runatanga icyitegererezo ku bindi bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere kugira ngo biteze imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi neza. Hamwe no kurushaho kumenyekanisha ikoranabuhanga, biteganijwe ko Ubuhinde buzafata umwanya ukomeye mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi ku isi.