Ikoranabuhanga rya gaz Sensor Ikurikirana ibyuka bihumanya ikirere muri Ositaraliya na Tayilande

Umutwe: Gukata-Gasi Sensor Ikoranabuhanga Ikurikirana ibyuka bihumanya ikirere muri Ositaraliya na Tayilande

Itariki: Ku ya 10 Mutarama 2025

Aho uherereye: Sydney, Ositaraliya -Mu gihe cyaranzwe n’ibibazo byihutirwa by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya sensor ya gazi rihinduka ingamba zingenzi mu kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu bihugu nka Ositaraliya na Tayilande. Ibyo byuma bifasha udushya bifasha guverinoma, inganda, n’imiryango y’ibidukikije mu bikorwa byo gukurikirana ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo kugabanya ingaruka z’ikirere.

Australiya, izwiho imiterere nini n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, yagiye yibanda cyane ku gukemura ikirenge cyayo. Kohereza ibyuma bya gaze mu mijyi no mu turere tw’ubuhinzi bitanga amakuru nyayo ku byuka bihumanya ikirere, harimo dioxyde de carbone (CO2), metani (CH4), na okiside ya nitrous (N2O). Aya makuru ni ngombwa mu gusobanukirwa inkomoko y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bigatanga inzira ku bikorwa bigamije kurwanya ikirere.

Minisitiri w’ibidukikije muri Ositaraliya, Sarah Thompson, yashimangiye akamaro k’ikoranabuhanga, agira ati: "Dushora imari muri sisitemu zo kugenzura zigezweho, dushobora kumva neza aho imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka kandi tugatera intambwe igaragara kugira ngo tugere ku ntego zacu zeru. Izi sensororo ntizongera gusa amakuru y'ibarurishamibare ahubwo ziha imbaraga abaturage kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere."

Muri Tayilande, aho urwego rw’ubuhinzi rugira uruhare runini mu kwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ikoranabuhanga rya gaze ryerekana ko ari ingenzi cyane mu gukurikirana ibidukikije ndetse no ku buryo burambye bw’ubuhinzi. Guverinoma ya Tayilande yashyizeho gahunda mu gihugu hose yo kohereza ibyuma bikoresha gaze mu murima w’umuceri no mu bworozi bw’amatungo hagamijwe gukurikirana imyuka ihumanya metani, gaze ya parike ikomeye ikorwa mu gihe cyo guhinga umuceri no gusya amatungo. Iyi gahunda iri mu byo Tayilande yiyemeje kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya 20% mu myaka icumi iri imbere.

Umuhanga mu bidukikije ufite icyicaro i Bangkok, yagize ati: "Amakuru nyayo yerekeye imyuka ya metani yemerera abahinzi gukora imyitozo itagabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije gusa ahubwo inazamura umusaruro wabo. Dukoresheje sensor, dushobora guha abahinzi amakuru bakeneye kugira ngo bahindure imikorere yabo mu gihe gikwiye."

Ibyiza byikoranabuhanga rya sensor sensor birenze kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya. Izi sensor zifite ibikoresho bya interineti yibintu (IoT), bigafasha guhuza hamwe nibicu bishingiye kubicu byo gusesengura amakuru. Iri koranabuhanga ryemerera abafatanyabikorwa gusangira amakuru y’ibyuka bihumanya n’inzego zibishinzwe, bikagira uruhare mu gusobanukirwa neza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse n’amahanga.

Usibye Ositaraliya na Tayilande, ibihugu nka Kanada, Amerika, ndetse n’abanyamuryango b’Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi na byo bifashisha ikoranabuhanga nk'iryo mu rwego rwo kongera ingufu mu kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Iyi myumvire iragaragaza ko hakenewe ibipimo nyabyo kugirango bamenyeshe politiki y’ikirere n’imikorere irambye.

Imwe mu nyungu zingenzi ziyi sisitemu yo kugenzura ni uburyo bworoshye kandi bukoreshwa neza. Senseri nyinshi zirashobora koherezwa hamwe nibikorwa remezo bike, bigatuma biba byiza mukarere ka kure kandi koroheje aho kugenzura gakondo bishobora kuba bidashoboka. Uku kugerwaho ni ingenzi ku bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere, aho umutungo wo gukurikirana ibidukikije ushobora kuba muke.

Urebye imbere, abashakashatsi n'abunganira ibidukikije bashimangira akamaro ko kwagura iyo miyoboro ya sensor ku isi. Ikusanyamakuru ryukuri rya parike ya parike yisi ningirakamaro mugupima iterambere rirwanya amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’ikirere nk’amasezerano y'i Paris.

Mu gihe ibyihutirwa by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere bigenda byiyongera, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rya sensororo ya gaze riba urumuri rwicyizere, ritanga ubumenyi butagereranywa ku byuka bihumanya ikirere no guteza imbere ubufatanye bugana ejo hazaza heza. Hamwe nogukomeza gushora imari no guhanga udushya, Ositaraliya, Tayilande, nibindi bihugu bifata ingamba zikomeye zo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kurinda isi ibisekuruza bizaza.

Iyi mpinduramatwara mu ikoranabuhanga mu kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ntabwo igamije kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere gusa ahubwo ni no guhindura uburyo sosiyete zifatanya n’ukuri kw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, guteza imbere ibyo dukora, no guha inzira isi irambye.

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