Imashini ipima gazi ni imwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bwo kumenya gazi

Ubumenyi bushya ku ngaruka z’imyuka ihumanya ikirere cyangwa imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku buzima bukomeje gushimangira ko ari ngombwa kugenzura imiterere y’umwuka wo mu nzu no hanze. Imyuka myinshi ihumanya ikirere, ndetse no mu rugero ruto, ishobora kwangiza ubuzima bw’abantu nyuma y’igihe gito ishyizwe mu kaga. Umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa n’inganda bifite ubushobozi bwo gusohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere izwiho, harimo ibikoresho byo mu nzu, imodoka zitwara abagenzi n’amakamyo y’inganda. Abantu barimo kwita cyane ku ivumbura ry’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bizeye kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho iyi ngaruka ku buzima binyuze mu gushyiraho uburyo bufatika kandi bunoze bwo guhangana n’ibiza.
Imiryango myinshi yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga yagiye ikora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ishyireho amabwiriza, amabwiriza n'amahame agenga isuku y'umwuka mu nganda, ubuvuzi, hanze, mu biro no mu ngo. Aya mabwiriza yemerera abakora ibicuruzwa kwemeza ibicuruzwa byabo no kumenyesha ababikoresha ingano nto y’imyuka ihumanya.

Urugero, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika (EPA) gikoresha siyansi igezweho mu gutegura amategeko agabanya kandi akagenzura ihumana ry’ikirere ku buryo buhendutse. Ku bijyanye n’imyanda ikunze kugaragara, EPA ikusanya amakuru buri myaka itanu kugira ngo yongere isuzume niba amategeko agenga ikirere ahagije. Iki kigo kandi cyagaragaje imiti yihariye ishobora kugira ingaruka ku ireme ry’umwuka n’aho uturuka, nk’imodoka, amakamyo n’inganda zitanga amashanyarazi. Imwe mu ntego z’ingenzi za EPA ni uguhuza imyanda n’ibintu bikomeye bishobora guteza ingaruka ku buzima.
Imyuka ine y’ingenzi ihumanya ikirere yo hanze ni 03, NO2, SO2, na CO. Iyi myuka ishobora gukurikiranwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byemewe na EPA. Iyo mibare iva mu byuma bipima uduce duto, ibipimo birushaho gukoreshwa mu kubara igipimo cy’ubwiza bw’umwuka (AQ). Ihindagurika ry’ikirere mu kirere cyo mu nzu rirushaho kuba ryihariye kandi riterwa n’uko ari inyubako yo guturamo cyangwa ibiro, umubare w’abantu, ubwoko bw’ibikoresho byo mu nzu, sisitemu yo guhumeka n’ibindi bintu. Ihindagurika ry’ikirere rikabije ririmo CO2, formaldehyde na benzene. Gukurikirana ihumana ry’ikirere rirushaho kuba ingenzi, ariko ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga rihari ntibiragera ku byo abakoresha babyiteze mu bijyanye n’ubwiza bw’amakuru n’uburyo igiciro cyaryo kigenda gihinduka.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, abakora ibikoresho bipima gazi bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rishya n'ibipimo by'inganda, harimo na electrolytes zitarimo amazi mu bikoresho bipima amashanyarazi. Iri terambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryatumye ingufu, igiciro n'ingano birushaho kunozwa.
Impinduramatwara n'uburyo ibikoresho bipima gazi bitwarwa nabyo bisaba kunoza uburyo bikoreshwa. Uburyo bugezweho bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye burimo guteza imbere ubushobozi bushya bwo kugenzura gazi no gukura kw'isoko. Iterambere mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibyuma bipima gazi, gupakira, no gusesengura amakuru mu buryo busanzwe bishobora kunoza uburyo ibikoresho bipima gazi bihagarara kandi neza. Uburyo bwo guhanura n'uburyo ibintu bipima gazi bikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe nabyo birakomeye cyane, ibyo bikaba bifite akamaro kanini mu kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho bipima gazi.