Sensor ya gaz ni bumwe muburyo bwingenzi bwo kumva gaze

Ubumenyi bushya ku ngaruka z’ubuzima bw’imyuka ihumanya ikirere cyangwa ihindagurika ikomeje gushimangira ko ari ngombwa kugenzura ubwiza bw’ikirere bwo mu nzu no hanze.Imihindagurikire myinshi, ndetse no murwego rwo hejuru, irashobora kwangiza ubuzima bwabantu nyuma yigihe gito cyo guhura.Umubare munini w’abaguzi n’inganda bafite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibintu bizwi byangiza, birimo ibikoresho, imodoka zitwara abagenzi namakamyo yinganda.Abantu barushaho kwita ku kumenya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bizeye kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ingaruka z’ubuzima bashiraho uburyo bunoze kandi bunoze bwo gukemura.
Imiryango myinshi yo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga yagiye ikora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo itegure umurongo ngenderwaho, amabwiriza n’ibipimo ngenderwaho kugira ngo bikurikirane ubuziranenge bw’ikirere mu nganda, ubuvuzi, hanze, ibiro byo mu nzu ndetse n’ibidukikije.Aya mabwiriza yemerera abayakora kwemeza ibicuruzwa byabo kandi bakanamenyesha abakoresha urwego rwemewe cyane rwimyuka ihumanya.

Kurugero, Ikigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA) gikoresha ubumenyi bugezweho mu gushyiraho amabwiriza agabanya kandi agabanya ihumana ry’ikirere.Kubihumanya cyane, EPA ikusanya amakuru buri myaka itanu kugirango isuzume bihagije amabwiriza y’ikirere.Ikigo cyagaragaje kandi imiti yihariye ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwiza bw’ikirere n’aho ikomoka, nk'imodoka, amakamyo ndetse n’amashanyarazi.Imwe mu ntego z'ibanze za EPA ni uguhuza umwanda n'amasoko akomeye ateza ubuzima.
Ibintu bine nyamukuru bihumanya ikirere ni 03, NO2, SO2, na CO.Iyi myuka irashobora gukurikiranwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byemewe na EPA.Ufatanije namakuru yaturutse mubice byapima ibice, ibipimo birakoreshwa mukubara indangagaciro yikirere (AQ).Ibihindagurika mu kirere cyo mu rugo birasobanutse kandi biterwa n’inyubako yo guturamo cyangwa ibiro, umubare wabantu, ubwoko bwibikoresho, sisitemu yo guhumeka nibindi bintu.Ibihindagurika nyamukuru birimo CO2, formaldehyde na benzene.Kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ni ngombwa cyane, ariko ibisubizo byikoranabuhanga biriho ntabwo byujuje ibyifuzo byabakoresha bigezweho mubijyanye nubwiza bwamakuru kandi bikoresha neza.
Mu myaka yashize, abakora sensor ya gazi bakoresheje tekinolojiya mishya nuburyo bwihariye bwo gukora, harimo na electrolytite idafite amazi mu byuma bikoresha amashanyarazi.Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryateje imbere imbaraga, igiciro nubunini.
Impinduramatwara no guhanagura ibyuma bya gaze nabyo bisaba kunonosorwa neza.Inzira zinyuranye zigezweho nazo zitera iterambere ryubushobozi bushya bwa sensor sensor no kuzamuka kw isoko.Iterambere muri elegitoroniki, muyungurura gaze, gupakira, no gusesengura amakuru mu ndege birashobora rwose kunoza sensor ihamye kandi neza.Uburyo bwo guhanura hamwe na algorithms zikoresha tekinoroji yubwenge yubukorikori hamwe nisesengura ryamakuru kuri bombo nabyo birakomeye, bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere imikorere ya sensor.