Ifishi zo gukoresha ibyuma bipima gazi muri Arabiya Sawudite

Dore incamake y'amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bipima gazi muri Arabiya Sawudite.

Nk’ikigo cy’ingufu n’inganda ku isi, Arabiya Sawudite ikoresha ibikoresho byo gupima gazi birimo gukwirakwira no kuba abahanga, bitewe n’icyerekezo cyayo cya 2030. Ibikorwa by’ingenzi byibanda ku bintu bikurikira:

1. Inganda za peteroli, gaze na peteroli

Aha niho hantu gakondo kandi hakoreshwa cyane mu gupima gazi muri Arabiya Sawudite.

• Icyitonderwa: Ubutaka bw'amavuta y'ubutare n'umutekano w'ibimera
  • Incamake: Saudi Aramco yashyize mu bikorwa ibyuma bipima gazi ibihumbi mirongo mu bigega byayo bya peteroli, mu nganda zayo zitunganya peteroli, no mu nganda zitunganya peteroli mu gihugu hose.
  • Imikoreshereze: Izi sensor zigenzura buri gihe ingano y’imyuka itwika (LEL), Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S), Carbon Monoxide (CO), na Oxygen (O₂). Iyo ibonye aho amazi aturuka cyangwa ingano y’ibintu biteje akaga, sisitemu ihita itera ibika kandi ishobora gukora sisitemu zo guhumeka cyangwa igafunga ibice by’ibikorwa byo kuyikora kugira ngo hirindwe inkongi z’umuriro, guturika, n’uburozi.
  • Iterambere Riherutse: Mu myaka yashize, Saudi Aramco yagiye ihuza ikoranabuhanga rya IoT n'imiyoboro ya gaze idafite insinga mu mishinga yayo ya "Smart Oil Fields", ifasha mu kubungabunga amakuru mbere y'igihe no kugenzura mu buryo bugezweho, bikongera cyane umutekano n'imikorere myiza.

2. Umutekano mu mijyi no gukurikirana ibidukikije rusange

Kubera ko imijyi yihuta cyane, icyifuzo cyo kugenzura umutekano w’ibidukikije kiriyongera cyane.

• Ikibazo: Igenzura ry'ibikoresho byo munsi y'ubutaka/imiyoboro y'amazi i Riyadh na Jeddah
  • Incamake: Imijyi minini ya Arabiya Sawudite ifite inzira nini zo mu muhanda, aho guparika imodoka munsi y'ubutaka, n'inyubako nini za rubanda (nk'amaduka manini n'ibibuga by'indege).
  • Imikoreshereze: Sisitemu zidahinduka zo gutahura imyuka zishyirwa muri ibi bice bifunze cyangwa bifunze gato, cyane cyane zigenzura Monoxide ya Karuboni (CO), Oxide ya Azote (NOx) iva mu binyabiziga bisohora imyuka, hamwe n'ubwinshi bw'imyuka ikoreshwa mu gutwika. Iyo urugero rurenze urugero, umwuka uhumeka wiyongera mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo habeho ubuzima bwiza n'umutekano rusange.
  • Iterambere Riherutse: Nyuma yo gutangiza no gukoresha sisitemu ya Metro ya Riyadh, sisitemu zo kugenzura gazi muri sitasiyo za metro na tunnels zabaye ibikorwa remezo by'ingenzi mu mutekano.

3. Gutunganya amazi no kurengera ibidukikije

Mu gihugu cya Arabiya Sawudite gifite ikibazo cy’amazi make, ni ingenzi cyane kugenzura umutekano w’ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi.

• Ikibazo: Gukurikirana imyuka ihumanya mu nganda zitunganya amazi yanduye
  • Incamake: Uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye butanga imyuka ihumanya kandi iturika nka Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S), Methane (CH₄), na Ammonia (NH₃).
  • Imikoreshereze: Inganda nini zitunganya amazi yanduye mu mijyi nka Jeddah na Dammam zikoresha cyane ibyuma bipima gazi bidahinduka kandi bitwarwa kugira ngo birinde abakozi ibyago byo kwangirika no gukurikirana imikorere ya sisitemu zo kugarura no gukoresha biogas.
  • Iterambere Riherutse: Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, Amazi n’Ubuhinzi ya Arabiya Sawudite yongereye imbaraga mu mategeko agenga isuku y’amazi yanduye mu nganda, bituma amasosiyete ashyiraho ibikoresho bigezweho byo kugenzura gazi.

4. Urwego rw'Ubwubatsi n'Imiturire

Imishinga mishya y’ “umujyi w’ubwenge” irimo gutuma habaho ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bipima gazi mu nzego za gisivili.

• Urubanza: Imijyi ya NEOM y'ejo hazaza n'amazu meza
  • Incamake: Imijyi mishya iri kubakwa muri Arabiya Sawudite, nka NEOM n'Umushinga w'Inyanja Itukura, ishingiye ku kuba umunyabwenge no kurambye.
  • Ikoreshwa: Muri iyi mishinga, ibikoresho byo gupima gazi byinjijwe muri sisitemu zo kwihutisha ubwikorezi bw'inyubako n'amazu agezweho kuri:
    • Umutekano mu gikoni: Gukurikirana imyuka iva mu gikoni.
    • Umutekano muri Garage: Gukurikirana Monoxide ya Karuboni (CO).
    • Ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu (IAQ): Gukurikirana Dioxyde de Carbone (CO₂) na Vilatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), no guhuza mu buryo bwikora n'umwuka mwiza kugira ngo bigenzure umwuka wo mu nzu.
  • Iterambere Riherutse: Ibikoresho byo kwamamaza bya NEOM bikunze kuvuga ikoreshwa ry'imiyoboro igezweho y'amajwi kugira ngo habeho ibidukikije byiza, bizima kandi binoze.

Amakuru n'Ibintu Bigezweho Bigezweho

1. Amabwiriza Akaze y’Umutekano mu Nganda: Guverinoma ya Arabiya Sawudite ikomeje gukaza amategeko agenga umutekano w’aho bakorera, itegeka ko ahantu hose inganda zikora ku byuka byangiza zigomba kuba zifite ibikoresho bipima neza gazi. Ibi bitera imbaraga isoko ry’ibikoresho bipima gazi.
2. Gushyira mu mwanya wabyo hamwe na "Icyerekezo 2030": Nk'uko bikubiye mu cyerekezo 2030, Arabiya Sawudite ishishikariza gushyira mu mwanya wabyo ikoranabuhanga. Inganda nyinshi zizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga zikora ibikoresho byo gupima gaze (urugero: Honeywell, MSA) zashinze amashami cyangwa zigafatanya n'ibigo byo mu gihugu muri Arabiya Sawudite mu gutanga serivisi zo kugurisha, gupima no kubungabunga, ndetse zimwe zigatekereza ku nganda zikora mu gihugu.
3. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga: Hari impinduka kuva ku buhanga busanzwe bwa catalytic bead na electrochemical sensors kugera ku ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi rirambye rya Infrared (IR) na Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), cyane cyane mu kugenzura imyuka ya hydrocarbon. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha indege zitagira abapilote zifite ibyuma bipima imyuka mu buryo bugendanwa mu gupima no gutahura aho amazi aturuka byabaye porogaramu igezweho ku bigo nka Aramco.
4. Umutekano w’Ibirori: Mu gihe cy’imikino mpuzamahanga minini n’umuco nk’igihembwe cya Jeddah n’igihembwe cya Diriyah, abategura ibi birori bashyira ahantu ho kugenzura lisansi by’agateganyo ahantu hahurira abantu benshi kugira ngo bahure n’ibibazo bishobora kubaho kandi barebe neza umutekano w’abaturage.

Incamake

Ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bipima gazi muri Arabiya Sawudite riri mu gihe cy'iterambere ryihuse n'ivugurura. Ibintu by'ingenzi bitera ibi bikurikira:

• Ubusabe bw'Inganda: Ingufu nyinshi n'ishingiro ry'inganda bitanga ishingiro ryiza ryo gukoresha.
• Ingamba z'Igihugu: Guteza imbere imijyi, ikoranabuhanga, no kuvugurura imibereho y'abaturage hakurikijwe "Icyerekezo 2030."
• Kongera ubumenyi ku mutekano no ku bidukikije: Ibisabwa byiyongera ku mutekano w'abakozi no kurengera ibidukikije.
• Seriveri yuzuye na porogaramu zidafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

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