Mu myaka yashize, guverinoma ya Kenya n'abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga bongereye cyane ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana ikirere mu gihugu mu kwagura iyubakwa ry’ikirere mu gihugu hose kugira ngo bafashe abahinzi guhangana n’ibibazo biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Iyi gahunda ntabwo yongerera imbaraga umusaruro w’ubuhinzi gusa, ahubwo inatanga inkunga ikomeye mu iterambere rirambye rya Kenya.
Amavu n'amavuko: Ibibazo by'imihindagurikire y'ikirere
Nkigihugu cy’ubuhinzi muri Afurika y’iburasirazuba, ubukungu bwa Kenya bushingiye cyane ku buhinzi, cyane cyane umusaruro w’abahinzi bato. Icyakora, kwiyongera kw’ibihe bikabije biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, nk’amapfa, imyuzure n’imvura nyinshi, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi no kwihaza mu biribwa. Mu myaka mike ishize, uduce twa Kenya twahuye n’amapfa akomeye yagabanije imyaka, yica amatungo ndetse ateza ikibazo cy’ibiribwa. Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, Guverinoma ya Kenya yiyemeje gushimangira uburyo bwo gukurikirana ikirere no kuburira hakiri kare.
Gutangiza umushinga: Gutezimbere ikirere
Mu 2021, Ishami ry’iteganyagihe rya Kenya, ku bufatanye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ryatangije gahunda yo kwegera igihugu cyose ku bijyanye n’ikirere. Uyu mushinga ugamije gutanga amakuru y’ikirere nyacyo binyuze mu gushyiraho sitasiyo y’ikirere (AWS) kugira ngo ifashe abahinzi n’inzego z’ibanze kumenya neza imihindagurikire y’ikirere no gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana nazo.
Izi sitasiyo zikoresha zifite ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana amakuru yubumenyi bwikirere nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe, imvura, umuvuduko wumuyaga nicyerekezo, no kohereza amakuru mububiko rusange binyuze mumurongo udafite umugozi. Abahinzi barashobora kubona aya makuru bakoresheje SMS cyangwa porogaramu yabigenewe, ibemerera guteganya gutera, kuhira no gusarura.
Inyigo: Imyitozo mu Ntara ya Kitui
Intara ya Kitui n'akarere gakakaye mu burasirazuba bwa Kenya imaze igihe kinini ihura n'ikibazo cyo kubura amazi no kunanirwa kw'ibihingwa. Mu 2022, intara yashyizeho sitasiyo 10 yikirere ikora ahantu hanini h’ubuhinzi. Imikorere yibi bihe by’ikirere yazamuye cyane ubushobozi bw’abahinzi baho guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Umuhinzi waho, Mary Mutua yagize ati: "Mbere yuko tugomba kwishingikiriza ku bunararibonye kugira ngo tumenye ikirere, akenshi kubera amapfa atunguranye cyangwa imvura nyinshi ndetse n’igihombo. Ubu, hamwe n’amakuru yatanzwe n’ikirere, dushobora kwitegura hakiri kare tugahitamo ibihingwa bibereye ndetse n’ibihe byo gutera."
Abashinzwe ubuhinzi mu Ntara ya Kitui bavuze kandi ko ikwirakwizwa ry’ikirere ridafashije abahinzi kongera umusaruro wabo gusa, ahubwo ryanagabanije igihombo cy’ubukungu bitewe n’ikirere gikabije. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, kuva ikirere cyashyirwa mu bikorwa, umusaruro w’ibihingwa muri iyo ntara wiyongereye ku kigereranyo cya 15%, kandi n’abahinzi binjiza.
Ubufatanye mpuzamahanga ninkunga ya tekiniki
Itangizwa ry’ikirere cya Kenya ryatewe inkunga n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, harimo Banki y’isi, Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku iterambere (UNDP) n’imiryango myinshi itegamiye kuri Leta. Iyi miryango ntabwo yatanze inkunga y'amafaranga gusa, ahubwo yanohereje impuguke zifasha ikigo cy’ubumenyi bw'ikirere cya Kenya mu mahugurwa ya tekiniki no gufata neza ibikoresho.
John Smith, inzobere mu bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere muri Banki y’isi, yagize ati: “Umushinga w’ikirere muri Kenya ni urugero rwiza rw’ukuntu imbogamizi z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zishobora gukemurwa binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga. Turizera ko iyi ngero ishobora kwigana no mu bindi bihugu bya Afurika.”
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza: Kwaguka kwagutse
Hashyizweho sitasiyo z’ikirere zirenga 200 mu gihugu hose, zikubiyemo ahantu h’ingenzi mu buhinzi n’ikirere. Serivisi ishinzwe iteganyagihe muri Kenya irateganya kongera umubare w’ikirere kugera kuri 500 mu myaka itanu iri imbere kugira ngo irusheho kwaguka no gukwirakwiza amakuru neza.
Byongeye kandi, guverinoma ya Kenya irateganya guhuza amakuru y’ubumenyi bw’ikirere na gahunda y’ubwishingizi bw’ubuhinzi mu rwego rwo gufasha abahinzi kugabanya igihombo mu gihe cy’ikirere gikabije. Iki cyemezo giteganijwe kurushaho kunoza ubushobozi bw’abahinzi mu guhangana n’ingaruka no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’ubuhinzi.
Umwanzuro
Intsinzi y’ibihe by’ikirere muri Kenya yerekana ko binyuze mu guhanga ikoranabuhanga n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga, ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere bishobora gukemura neza ikibazo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Ikwirakwizwa ry’ikirere ntago ryateje imbere gusa umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, ahubwo ryanatanze inkunga ikomeye mu kwihaza mu biribwa muri Kenya no guteza imbere ubukungu. Hamwe nogukomeza kwagura umushinga, biteganijwe ko Kenya izaba icyitegererezo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’iterambere rirambye mu karere ka Afurika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-03-2025