Kongere ishimangira ibikorwa bya hydrology

Mu rwego rwo kongera ingaruka ziterwa n’umwuzure n’amapfa mu bice by’isi ndetse n’umuvuduko ukabije w’umutungo w’amazi, Umuryango w’ikirere ku isi uzashimangira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda y’ibikorwa bya hydrology.

Amaboko afashe amazi

Mu rwego rwo kongera ingaruka ziterwa n’umwuzure n’amapfa mu bice by’isi ndetse n’umuvuduko ukabije w’umutungo w’amazi, Umuryango w’ikirere ku isi uzashimangira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda y’ibikorwa bya hydrology.

Iteraniro ry’iminsi ibiri ryitiriwe Hydrologiya ryabereye muri Kongere y’ikirere y’isi kugira ngo ryerekane uruhare nyamukuru rwa hydrology mu buryo bwa WMO bw’isi ndetse no mu miburo ya mbere ya bose.

Kongere yashimangiye icyerekezo cyayo kirekire cya hydrology. Yemeje ingamba zikomeye zo guhanura imyuzure. Yashyigikiye kandi intego nyamukuru ya gahunda ihuriweho n’imicungire y’amapfa hagamijwe guteza imbere ihuzabikorwa ry’isi yose mu rwego rwo gushimangira igenzura ry’amapfa, kumenya ingaruka, guhanura amapfa na serivisi zo kuburira hakiri kare. Yashyigikiye kwagura Ubufasha busanzwe buriho ku micungire y’imyuzure hamwe na HelpDesk ku micungire y’amapfa (IDM) kugirango ishyigikire imicungire y’amazi yose uko yakabaye.

Hagati ya 1970 na 2021, ibiza biterwa n’umwuzure nibyo byiganje cyane ukurikije inshuro. Ubushyuhe bwo mu turere dushyuha - buhuza umuyaga uhuha, imvura n’impanuka z’umwuzure - nizo zabaye intandaro y’igihombo cy’abantu n’ubukungu.

Uruzuba mu ihembe rya Afurika, igice kinini cya Amerika yepfo ndetse n’igice cy’Uburayi, n’umwuzure ukabije muri Pakisitani wahitanye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni umwaka ushize. Uruzuba rwahindutse umwuzure mu bice by’Uburayi (Amajyaruguru y’Ubutaliyani na Espagne) na Somaliya igihe Kongere yabaga - byongeye kwerekana ubukana bw’ibikorwa by’amazi bikabije mu gihe cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Nk’uko Leta ya WMO ishinzwe umutungo w’amazi ku isi ibitangaza, kuri ubu abantu bagera kuri miliyari 3,6 bahura n’amazi adahagije byibuze ukwezi ku mwaka kandi biteganijwe ko uziyongera kugera kuri miliyari zirenga 5 mu 2050. Gushonga ibibarafu bizana iterabwoba ry’ibura ry’amazi kuri miliyoni nyinshi - kandi kubera iyo mpamvu Kongere yazamuye impinduka mu kirere kuri kimwe mu byo WMO ishyira imbere.

Umunyamabanga mukuru wa WMO, Prof. Petteri Taalas, yagize ati: "Guteganya neza no gucunga ingaruka ziterwa n’amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo abantu bose babone intsinzi. Twifuza ko nta muntu utungurwa n’umwuzure, kandi buri wese yiteguye amapfa." “WMO ikeneye gushimangira no guhuza serivisi z’amazi kugira ngo imihindagurikire y’ikirere.”

Inzitizi zikomeye zitanga igisubizo cy’amazi meza kandi arambye ni ukubura amakuru ajyanye n’amazi aboneka muri iki gihe, kuboneka ejo hazaza no gukenera ibiribwa n’ingufu. Abafata ibyemezo bahura nikibazo kimwe kubijyanye n’umwuzure n’amapfa.

Uyu munsi, 60% by’ibihugu bigize Umuryango WMO bavuga ko ubushobozi bugabanuka mu kugenzura hydrologiya bityo bigatuma hatangwa inkunga mu mazi, ingufu, ibiribwa ndetse n’ibidukikije. Ibihugu birenga 50% kwisi yose ntabwo bifite gahunda yo gucunga neza amakuru yerekeranye namazi.

Kugira ngo ibibazo bikemuke, WMO iteza imbere uburyo bunoze bwo gukurikirana no gucunga umutungo w’amazi nubwo Sisitemu ya Hydrologiya na Outlook Sisitemu (HydroSOS) hamwe n’ikigo gishinzwe gufasha Hydrometry (HydroHub), ubu kikaba gitangizwa.

Gahunda y'ibikorwa bya Hydrology
WMO ifite gahunda yagutse ya Hydrology Action Gahunda, ifite intego ndende umunani.

Ntawe utungurwa n'umwuzure
Abantu bose biteguye amapfa
Hydro-ikirere hamwe nubumenyi bwikirere bishyigikira gahunda yumutekano wibiribwa
Amakuru yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ashyigikira siyanse
Siyanse itanga ishingiro ryiza rya hydrology ikora
Dufite ubumenyi bwuzuye kubutunzi bwamazi yisi
Iterambere rirambye rishyigikiwe namakuru ya hydrologiya
Ubwiza bw'amazi burazwi.
Sisitemu yo kuyobora umwuzure
Inteko ya Hydrologiya yamenyeshejwe kandi ibijyanye n’amahugurwa yo kongerera ubushobozi abagore yateguwe na WMO mu rwego rw’umushinga wo kuyobora Flash Flood Guidance System ku ya 25 na 26 Gicurasi 2023.

Itsinda ry’inzobere zatoranijwe muri aya mahugurwa zasangiye ibyavuye mu mahugurwa n’umuryango mugari wa hydrologiya, harimo ibikoresho byo gushyiraho ihuriro ry’inzobere zinzobere kandi zifite ubuhanga, kugira ngo zongere ubushobozi bwabo, kandi ziteze imbere ku bushobozi bwabo bushoboka, atari inyungu zabo bwite ahubwo zikorera abaturage ku isi hose.

Kongere yemeje ku micungire y’ibikorwa, ingaruka aho guhangana n’amapfa binyuze mu gukemura ibibazo, gukemura ibibazo. Yashishikarije Abanyamuryango guteza imbere no guteza imbere ubufatanye n’impanga hagati y’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe n’amazi n’ibindi bigo byemewe na WMO hagamijwe kunoza iteganyagihe no gukurikirana amapfa.

Turashobora gutanga ubumenyi butandukanye bwa hydrographic radar urwego rwihuta rwihuta