Nk’igihugu cyohereza peteroli ku isi mu mahanga cyane kandi kikaba ari igihugu gitera imbere mu bukungu, Arabiya Sawudite yakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima gaze mu myaka ya vuba aha kugira ngo ikemure ibibazo mu ikorwa ry’ingufu, umutekano mu mijyi, no kugenzura ibidukikije. Dore isesengura ry’ibintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa n’ingaruka zabyo:
1. Inganda za peteroli na gaze: Gutahura amazi asohoka no kuyabyaza umusaruro mu mutekano
Ikibazo cyo Gusaba:
Saudi Aramco yashyize ahagaragara cyane uburyo bwo gupima gazi ikoreshwa mu gutwika (urugero: methane, hydrogen sulfide) mu bicuruzwa bya peteroli, mu nganda zitunganya peteroli, no mu miyoboro y’amazi. Urugero, mu gace ka Ghawar gacukura peteroli mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, ibipimo bya seneri bihuzwa na porogaramu za IoT kugira ngo bigenzure ubwinshi bwa gazi mu nganda mu gihe nyacyo.
Inshingano:
- Gukumira guturika: Gutahura vuba aho imyuka iva mu muriro ishoka bituma sisitemu n'amatangazo bizimya umuriro byikora, birinda inkongi cyangwa guturika.
- Kugabanya imyanda y'umutungo: Gutahura imyanda hakiri kare bigabanya igihombo cy'ingufu, bigatuma habaho kuzigama miliyoni z'amadolari buri mwaka.
- Kurinda Umutekano w'Umukozi: Utwuma twitwa "surfide" twa hydrogen sulfide dushyirwa ahantu hashobora guteza akaga gakomeye kugira ngo turinde abakozi kwanduzwa n'imyuka ihumanya.
2. Gahunda z'Umujyi Ukoresha Ubwenge: Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge bw'Imyuka n'Umutekano w'Abaturage
Ikibazo cyo Gusaba:
Mu mushinga wa NEOM smart city wa Arabiya Sawudite no mu karere k'umurwa mukuru wa Riyadh, ibikoresho byo gupima gazi byashyizwe mu bikorwa remezo by'imijyi kugira ngo bigenzure ubuziranenge bw'umwuka (urugero: PM2.5, NO₂, SO₂) n'imyuka mibi ikorerwa ahantu hahurira abantu benshi.
Inshingano:
- Kurwanya Ihumana ry’Ibidukikije: Gukurikirana mu buryo nyabwo ikwirakwizwa ry’imyanda mu nganda no mu duce dutwara abantu n’ibintu bifasha amashami y’ibidukikije mu gushyiraho ingamba zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
- Kurinda Ubuzima Rusange: Abaturanyi bahabwa ubutumwa bw'ubuziranenge bw'ikirere binyuze mu mashusho rusange cyangwa porogaramu zigendanwa, bigabanya ibyago by'ubuzima.
- Kurwanya iterabwoba n'umutekano: Utwuma tw’ubutasi bw’ibinyabutabire (CWA) dushyirwa ahantu hahurira abantu benshi nko kuri sitasiyo za metro na za maduka kugira ngo hirindwe ibitero by’iterabwoba.
3. Gukuraho umunyu mu mazi yo mu nyanja no gucunga umutungo w'amazi: Gukurikirana imyunyungugu ya chlorine
Ikibazo cyo Gusaba:
Nk’umusaruro munini ku isi w’amazi yakuwemo umunyu, Arabiya Sawudite ikoresha gaze ya chlorine mu gutunganya amazi mu nganda nka Jubail Desalination Plant, aho imiyoboro y’ibikoresho byo gupima gaze ya chlorine ishyirwa mu mashami.
Inshingano:
- Kurinda ikwirakwira ry'imyuka ihumanya: Iyo habonetse amazi ya chlorine, uburyo bwo guhumeka n'ubutabazi bwihutirwa bihita bitangira gukoreshwa kugira ngo hirindwe uburozi.
- Kubungabunga umutekano w'amazi: Gukomeza amahame y'ubuziranenge bw'amazi adasukuye umunyu mu gihe hakorwa ibikorwa remezo by'ingenzi mu buryo buhamye.
4. Ibirori by'Iyobokamana n'Amateraniro Manini: Gucunga Umutekano w'Imbaga
Ikibazo cyo Gusaba:
Mu rugendo rwo gusura Imana muri Mecca, ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa dioxyde de carbone (CO₂) na ogisijeni (O₂) bishyirwa mu musigiti mukuru n'ahantu hakikije amahema kugira ngo bigenzure ubwiza bw'umwuka mu bice byuzuye abantu.
Inshingano:
- Gukumira Impanuka: Amakuru agezweho agenga uburyo bwo guhumeka kugira ngo hirindwe ibura rya ogisijeni bitewe n'ubwinshi bwa CO₂.
- Gushyigikira Ubutabazi bw'Ibiza: Ihujwe na porogaramu nini z'amakuru, iyi sisitemu itanga ubumenyi ku nzego zishinzwe imicungire ku bijyanye no kwimura abantu no gutanga umutungo.
5. Ubuhinzi bwo mu butayu no gukurikirana imyuka ihumanya ikirere
Ikibazo cyo Gusaba:
Mu mishinga y’ubuhinzi bwo mu butayu bwa Sawudite, nko mu mirima ikorerwamo ubuhinzi buciriritse mu karere ka Al-Kharj, ibikoresho byo gupima amoniya (NH₃) na dioxyde de carbone bikoreshwa mu kunoza uburyo bwo gufumbira no guhumeka.
Inshingano:
- Kunoza Umusaruro w'Ibihingwa: Kugenzura ingano ya CO₂ byongera fotosyonesitiya mu gihe birinda amoniya nyinshi kwangiza imikurire y'ibimera.
- Kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere: Gukurikirana methane na okiside azote biva mu bikorwa by'ubuhinzi bishyigikira "Umugambi wita ku bidukikije" wa Arabiya Sawudite.
Umwanzuro: Guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima gazi, Arabiya Sawudite yageze kuri ibi bikurikira:
- Kongera Imikorere Myiza mu Rwego rw'Ingufu: Kwita ku mutungo w'ingufu ku isi uhamye kandi utekanye.
- Iterambere ry'Umujyi Ukoresha Ubwenge: Guteza imbere iterambere rirambye mu mishinga y'umujyi y'ejo hazaza nka NEOM.
- Iyobokamana n'Umutekano rusange: Kunoza ubushobozi bwo gucunga ibyago mu bikorwa binini.
- Imiyoborere y'Ibidukikije: Gushyigikira intego za Arabiya Sawudite zo kubungabunga ibidukikije nk'uko biteganywa n'Icyerekezo cya 2030.
- Seriveri yuzuye na porogaramu zidafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kugira ngo ubone sensor ya gaze irambuye amakuru,
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2025