Igishushanyo mbonera gishya cyo kurwanya impanuka gihujwe n'ikoranabuhanga rya IoT gitanga inkunga yizewe y'amakuru yo kurwanya imyuzure mu mijyi no gucunga umutungo w'amazi.
I. Inkomoko y'Inganda: Hakenewe Igenzura ry'Imvura ryihuta
Bitewe no kwiyongera kw'imihindagurikire y'ikirere ku isi ndetse n'imvura nyinshi ikunze kugaragara, hakenewe cyane ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana imvura mu buryo buboneye kandi bufatika. Mu nzego nko kugenzura ikirere, kugenzura imyuzure mu buryo bwo kubungabunga amazi, no mu mijyi ifite ubwenge, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kugenzura imvura bihura n'imbogamizi eshatu zikomeye:
- Ubuziranenge budahagije: Amakosa mu bipimo bisanzwe by'imvura yiyongera cyane mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi
- Gusana kenshi: Imyanda nk'amababi n'ibitaka byoroshye gutuma amakuru afungana, bigatuma amakuru adakomeza gukwirakwira
- Kohereza amakuru byatinze: Ibikoresho gakondo biragorwa no kugera ku kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwa interineti mu gihe nyacyo
Urugero, mu 2023, umujyi wo ku nkombe wahuye n’ibibazo by’imyuzure byatinze bitewe n’impinduka mu makuru ajyanye no kugenzura imvura, bigatera igihombo gikomeye mu bukungu, bigaragaza ko hakenewe byihutirwa ibikoresho byizewe cyane byo kugenzura imvura.
II. Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga: Ibisubizo bishya by'igipimo cy'imvura gikoreshwa mu gikoresho gishya cyo gupima imvura
Mu gukemura ibibazo bikomeye by’inganda, ikigo gishinzwe ikoranabuhanga rirengera ibidukikije cyatangije uburyo bushya bwo gupima imvura bukoresha uburyo bwa "tipping bucket rain gauge sensor", bugera ku ntambwe nziza mu nganda binyuze mu dushya tune tw’ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga:
- Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima neza
- Ikoresha igishushanyo mbonera cyuzuzanya n'indobo ifite impande ebyiri kugira ngo igere ku gipimo nyacyo gifite ubushobozi bwa 0.1mm
- Ibyuma by'icyuma gifunganye bikomeye bitanga umutekano mu gihe cyo kubikoresha igihe kirekire
- Uburinganire bwo gupima bugera kuri ± 2% (ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igihugu ni ± 4%)
- Sisitemu y'ubwenge yo kurwanya kuziba
- Igishushanyo mbonera gishya cyo kuyungurura gifite ibyiciro bibiri gikingira neza imyanda nk'amababi n'udukoko
- Imiterere y'ubuso bwisukura bukoresha amazi y'imvura kugira ngo ibikoresho bikomeze kumererwa neza
- Igihe cyo kubungabunga cyarongerewe kuva ku kwezi 1 kugeza ku mezi 6
- Urubuga rwo guhuza IoT
- Moduli y'itumanaho ya 4G/NB-IoT yubatswemo ifasha kohereza amakuru mu buryo butunguranye
- Ishyigikira sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ihuza n'ibihe bitarimo amashanyarazi akomoka ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi
- Guhuza neza n'ibikoresho byo kuburira abantu ku bijyanye n'ikirere, bigabanya igihe cyo gutanga ubufasha ku buryo bwo kuburira kigera ku minota 3.
- Guteza imbere ibidukikije
- Ubushobozi bwo gukora ku rugero rw'ubushyuhe bwinshi (-30℃ kugeza 70℃)
- Igishushanyo mbonera cy’uburinzi bw’inkuba cyemejwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya IEEE C62.41.2
- Inzu irinda imirasire ya UV irinda gusaza kw'imirasire ya UV, ikaba imara igihe kirenga imyaka 10
III. Imyitozo yo Gukoresha: Ikibazo cy'Intsinzi mu Kigo cy'Intara Gishinzwe Gukurikirana Amazi
Mu mushinga w’igerageza wakozwe n’ikigo cy’ubuhinzi n’amazi cy’intara, hashyizwemo ibipimo 200 bishya by’imvura mu nkengero z’imigezi mu ntara yose, bigaragaza umusaruro ukomeye:
- Ubuziranenge bw'amakuru bwarushijeho kwiyongera: Mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi ya "7·20″, ubuziranenge bwageze kuri 98.7% ugereranije n'amakuru asanzwe ajyanye n'imvura ya radar
- Ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga cyagabanutse: Gukurikirana kure byagabanyije cyane inshuro zo kugenzura aho hantu, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga buri mwaka ho 65%
- Kongera ubushobozi bwo kuburira: Guhanura neza ibyago by'umwuzure mu karere k'imisozi miremire iminota 42 mbere y'uko bitangira, bitanga umwanya w'ingirakamaro wo kwimuka.
- Guhindura ibintu mu buryo butandukanye: Byakoreshejwe neza mu gukurikirana amazi yo mu mijyi, gahunda yo kuhira imyaka, ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'amazi mu mashyamba, n'ibindi bice
IV. Ingaruka ku nganda n'ibyitezwe mu gihe kizaza
- Ubuyobozi Busanzwe
- Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki by'ibicuruzwa byashyizwe mu "Amabwiriza y'Igihugu agenga Igenzura ry'Ubwubatsi bw'Amazi"
- Yagize uruhare mu gukusanya "Itsinda ry'Ibikoresho Bishinzwe Gukurikirana Imvura mu Buhanga"
- Kwaguka kw'ibidukikije
- Ihujwe n'urubuga rw'umujyi rugezweho kugira ngo habeho "uburinzi bw'imvura, amazi akoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga"
- Batanze amakuru yemewe y’imvura kugira ngo basubize ibibazo by’ibiza mu bwishingizi bw’ubuhinzi
- Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga
- Guteza imbere uburyo bwo gupima imiterere bushingiye ku buhanga bwa AI
- Gusuzuma uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru hagati ya satelite n'isi kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo kugenzura mu turere twa kure
Umwanzuro
Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya gipimo cy’imvura gikoreshwa mu gihe cy’imvura gishya rigaragaza impinduka ikomeye mu kugenzura imvura kuva ku “gufata amashusho mu buryo butunguranye” kugera ku “kuburira mu buryo bufatika.” Uko ishoramari ry’igihugu rikomeza kwiyongera mu kugenzura amazi, imijyi ifite ubwenge, n’ibindi bikorwa, iki gikoresho cyizewe cyane kandi cy’ubwenge kizatanga inkunga ikomeye mu bya tekiniki mu gukumira ibiza no gucunga umutungo kamere w’amazi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2025