Imyivumbagatanyo igira ingaruka zikomeye kumazi yibigega mukuzamura ubushyuhe nigipimo cyuka. Ubu bushakashatsi bwatanze amakuru asobanutse kandi asobanutse kubyerekeye ingaruka zo guhindura imivurungano ku mazi y'ibigega. Intego nyamukuru yubu bushakashatsi kwari ugusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa n’imivurungano ku bushyuhe bw’amazi y’ibigega no guhumeka. Kugirango umenye izo ngaruka, ingero zavanywe mu kigega mu gutondekanya ku buryo butunguranye inzira y'ibigega. Kugirango dusuzume isano iri hagati yubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwamazi ndetse no gupima ihindagurika ryubushyuhe bwamazi, ibidendezi icumi byarashizwemo, kandi byuzuyemo amazi yuzuye. Ibyiciro bibiri A ibyombo byashyizwe mumurima kugirango hamenyekane ingaruka zumuvurungano kumyuka yikigega. Amakuru yasesenguwe hakoreshejwe software ya SPSS na MS Excel. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko umuvurungano ufite isano itaziguye kandi ihamye nubushyuhe bwamazi saa 9h00 na 13h00 nubusabane bubi bukomeye 17h00, kandi ubushyuhe bwamazi bwaragabanutse muburyo buva hejuru kugeza hasi. Habayeho kuzimangana kwinshi kwizuba ryamazi mumazi menshi. Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe bwamazi hagati yurwego rwo hejuru no hepfo ni 9,78 ° C na 1.53 ° C kumazi menshi kandi byibuze yanduye kumasaha yo kureba 13h00. Imyivumbagatanyo ifitanye isano itaziguye kandi ikomeye hamwe no guhumeka ibigega. Ibisubizo byageragejwe byari bifite imibare ikomeye. Ubushakashatsi bwanzuye ko kwiyongera kw’ibigega by’ibigega byongera cyane ubushyuhe bw’amazi y’ibigega ndetse no guhumeka.
1. Intangiriro
Bitewe no kuba hari uduce twinshi twahagaritswe, amazi aba mabi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imirasire yumucyo irashobora gukwirakwira no kwinjizwa mumazi bitandukanye no kuyinyuramo bitaziguye. Bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi ku isi, igaragaza ubuso bw’ubutaka kandi igatera isuri y’ubutaka, ni ikibazo gikomeye ku bidukikije. Ibigo by’amazi, cyane cyane ibigega byubatswe ku kiguzi kinini kandi bifite uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’imibereho myiza y’ubukungu n’ibihugu, bigira ingaruka cyane kuri iri hinduka. Isano rikomeye rihari hagati yumuvurungano no guhagarika imyanda ihagaritswe, kandi isano ikomeye irahari hagati yumuvurungano no gukorera mu mucyo.
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwabigaragaje, igikorwa cyo kwagura no gukaza umurego w’imirima no kubaka ibikorwa remezo byongera ihinduka ry’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere, imirasire y’izuba, imvura, n’imiterere y’ubutaka kandi bigashimangira isuri n’ubutaka bw’ibigega. Ubwumvikane nubuziranenge bwamazi yubutaka akoreshwa mugutanga amazi, kuhira, hamwe n’amashanyarazi bigira ingaruka kuri ibyo bikorwa nibikorwa. Mugutegeka no kugenzura ibikorwa nibikorwa bibitera, kubaka inyubako, cyangwa gutanga uburyo butubatswe bugenga ubwinjiriro bwubutaka bwangirika kuva ahantu hafashwe hejuru y’amazi y’amazi, birashoboka kugabanya imyanda y’ibigega.
Bitewe nubushobozi bwahagaritswe bwo gukurura no gukwirakwiza imirasire yizuba neti iyo yibasiye amazi, umuvuduko ukabije uzamura ubushyuhe bwamazi akikije. Ingufu z'izuba ibice byahagaritswe zirekura zisohoka mumazi kandi byongera ubushyuhe bwamazi yegereye hejuru. Mugabanye kwibumbira mubice byahagaritswe no gukuraho plankton itera imivurungano kwiyongera, ubushyuhe bwamazi mabi arashobora kugabanuka. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwinshi, ubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwamazi byombi bigabanuka kumurongo muremure wamazi yikigega. Turbidimeter nigikoresho gikoreshwa cyane mugupima ububi bwamazi yatewe no kuba haribintu byinshi byahagaritswe.
Hariho uburyo butatu buzwi bwo kwerekana ubushyuhe bwamazi. Izi ngero uko ari eshatu zose ni statistique, deterministic, na stochastic kandi zifite imbogamizi zazo hamwe namakuru yo gusesengura ubushyuhe bwamazi atandukanye. Ukurikije kuboneka kwamakuru, byombi ibipimo ngenderwaho nibidasanzwe kandi byakoreshejwe murubwo bushakashatsi.
Kubera ubuso bunini, ubwinshi bwamazi ava mu biyaga byububiko n’ibigega kuruta ayandi mazi asanzwe. Ibi bibaho mugihe hari molekile nyinshi zigenda zitandukana hejuru y’amazi hanyuma zigahungira mu kirere nkumwuka kuruta uko hari molekile zisubiza hejuru y’amazi ziva mu kirere zikagwa mu mazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-18-2024