Hung yahise afungura umwuka w’ubutabazi bw’ibanze anatangiza uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu buryo buciriritse. Nyuma y’amasaha 48, ubworozi butatu bw’isambaza bwari hafi aho budafite ubwo buryo bwahuye n’ibiza byinshi, aho igihombo cyarenze miliyoni imwe y’amadolari, mu gihe igihombo cye cyari kiri munsi ya 5%.
“Icyo gihe, sensor isanzwe yagaragaje ogisijeni isanzwe yashongeshejwe,” Hung yibukije.
Inyandiko yera yanditswe n’Umuryango w’Ubuhinzi bw’Amazi wo mu 2023 yahishuye ikintu gitangaje: hafi 85% by’icyorezo gikomeye cy’ubworozi bw’amafi giterwa n’ibipimo by’amazi bidahuye n’imiterere y’amazi, akenshi ntibikunze kubaho bitewe n’uburyo bwo kubikurikirana.
Porofeseri Li Minghao, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Binyabuzima mu by’Amazi muri Kaminuza Nkuru ya Singapuru, yagize ati: “Ikibazo ni uko ibipimo byo kugenzura bidahagije. Kugabanuka kwa ogisijeni mu mazi akenshi ni ingaruka, ntabwo ari byo bibanziriza kwangirika k’ubuziranenge bw’amazi. Ibimenyetso nyabyo by’uburinzi bw’ibanze akenshi bihishwa n’impinduka zijyanye n’ibipimo nka COD na pH.”
Ahantu hane hakomeye ho kugenzura ahantu hatabona hangiza mu buryo bucece
1. Aho COD Idasobanutse: 'Umwicanyi ucecetse' w'Ihumana ry'Ibinyabuzima
Mu rubanza rwa Vietnam, ukwiyongera kwa COD kutaramenyekana byagaragaje ko imyanda y’ibiryo n’ibisohoka mu matungo byiyongera. Uko ibi binyabuzima bibora, birya ogisijeni bigatanga uburozi nka ammonia na nitrite. Aborozi gakondo bakunze kubona ikibazo gusa iyo amafi agaragaje ibimenyetso by’uburozi.
2. Ihindagurika ry'uburiganya rya pH
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na UC Davis bwerekana ko impinduka nto za pH (± 0.3) zishobora kongera uburozi bwa ammonia inshuro 3-5. Ibyuma byinshi bipima pH byo mu mirima ntibikora neza cyangwa ngo bipime ku gihe, bigatuma amafi ashobora kwangirika mu gihe "gisanzwe".
3. Umutego w'ubushyuhe bw'igihe cy'umwaka
Kuri buri kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 1, imikorere y'amafi yiyongeraho 10%, bigatuma ibyifuzo bya ogisijeni byiyongera. Iyo aborozi badahinduye ingano y'ibiryo mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bw'impeshyi, ibiryo byinshi bitera kwiyongera cyane kwa COD. Sisitemu 5 muri 1 zihita zibara ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe, zigatanga uburyo bwo kuburira buhinduka.
4. Uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu: Umurinzi w'Ihumana ry'Inyuma
Mu ihumana ryabaye mu mujyi wa Guangdong mu 2023, icyuma gipima amashanyarazi cyabonye bwa mbere amazi yanduye ava mu ruganda ruri hafi aho, giha umuhinzi amasaha 8 yo gutabara no gukumira urupfu rwa toni 200 z'ibihuru.
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga: Uburyo sensor 5-in-1 zirimo kuvugurura Logistic yo kugenzura ubworozi bw'amafi
Kuva ku makuru amwe kugeza ku 'bimenyetso by'ingenzi' by'urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima
Itsinda rishya ry’ibipimo bya 5-in-1 si ukwihuza gusa; bakoresha uburyo bwa elegitoronike bwo korora amafi kugira ngo bagere ku isano iri hagati y’ibipimo:
Algorithm y'ibanze: Igipimo cy'ibyago byo mu mazi (WRI)
inyandiko
WRI = 0.35×COD_Trend_Coefficient + 0.25×DO_Decline_Rate +
Amanota 0.20×pH_Anomaly_Score + 0.15×Ubushyuhe_Buhindagurika +
0.05 × Kofficiency_Spike_Coefficient_ya_Gutwara
Iyo WRI > 0.7, sisitemu ihita ishyira ahagaragara amakuru afite ibyago byinshi hamwe n'amakuru yihariye.
Amakuru y’ibizamini byo mu murima aturuka mu ruganda rw’ikoranabuhanga rwo muri Noruveje rwitwa AquaSense agaragaza ko iyi algorithme itanga igihe cy’uburinzi bw’igihe cy’amasaha 38 ku ndwara zisanzwe, aho umwihariko w’indwara za bagiteri (nk’iziterwa na vibriosis) ugera kuri 89%.
Inkunga y'ibyemezo by'igihe nyacyo mu buhinzi bw'intangarugero
Mu ifamu ry’isambaza rikorerwamo cyane i Pattaya, muri Tayilande, sisitemu ya 5-in-1 ituma habaho ibisubizo by’icyiciro cya gatatu:
Itangazo ry'umuhondo (WRI 0.5-0.7): Hindura umwuka uhumeka, gabanya kugaburira
Itangazo rya Orange (WRI 0.7-0.85): Guhinduranya amazi igice, ongeramo probiotics
Itangazo ritukura (WRI > 0.85): Guhinduranya amazi byihutirwa, gutangira kuvurwa
Ubu buryo bwafashije abahinzi kugabanya ikoreshwa rya antibiyotike ku kigero cya 67% no kongera igihe cyo kubaho kw'imbuto z'ibihwagari ku kigero cya 22% mu gihembwe cya 2023-2024.
Isesengura ry'Ikiguzi n'Inyungu: URUHUSHYA RW'Igenzura ry'Ubwenge
Igereranya ry'inyungu ku mirima y'ibipimo bitandukanye
Igihombo cy'umwaka (Gasanzwe) Ishoramari rya sisitemu 5 muri 1 Igihe cyo kwishyura igihombo cy'umwaka
Nto (
Hagati (hegitari 1.5-7.5) $85.000 $18.000 $62.000 Amezi 3.5
Kinini (hegitari >7.5) $420.000 $75.000 $310.000 Amezi 2.9
Isoko: Raporo y'umwaka ya 2024 y'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku buhinzi bw'Amazi
Agaciro k'ubwishingizi n'impamyabushobozi byiyongereyeho
Igabanyirizwa ry'ubwishingizi: Amasambu akoresha sisitemu zemewe ashobora kubona igabanyirizwa ry'ubwishingizi rya 15-25%.
Kwihutisha icyemezo: Yujuje ibisabwa mu gukurikirana amakuru ku byangombwa nka BAP ya GAA.
Isoko ry'Ibiciro: Ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku "ubuhinzi bukorera mu mucyo" bifite amakuru ahoraho y'amazi bishobora kugira ibiciro biri hejuru ya 8-15%.
Imiterere y'Ikoreshwa ku Isi: Intsinzi kuva kuri Salmon kugeza kuri Eel
Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge mu buhinzi bwa Salmon yo mu nyanja nini ya Noruveje
Igihangange cy’amafi ya salmon ku isi Mowi cyakoresheje sisitemu 5-in-1 mu mirima 20 mu 2023. Mu kugenzura igipimo cyihariye kiri hagati ya COD na DO, iyi sisitemu yahanuye neza 93% by’ibiza by’icyorezo cya ogisijeni, bigabanya impfu z’amafi ya salmon kuva ku mpuzandengo y’inganda ya 3.2% kugeza kuri 1.4%. Ibi byonyine bizigamira ikigo miliyoni 45 z’amadolari buri mwaka mu gihombo cyari cyirinzwe.
Iterambere mu buhinzi bw'ibishyimbo by'amafi byo mu Buyapani
Inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa Eel fry zikunze kwibasirwa cyane n’impinduka mu bidukikije, aho igipimo gakondo cyo kubaho gikunze kuba kiri munsi ya 35%. Nyuma yo gushyiraho uburyo bwa 5-in-1, Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Burobyi cya Nagasaki cyageze ku gipimo cyo kubaho cya 61% binyuze mu kubungabunga neza COD iri hagati ya 8-15 mg/L na DO iri hagati ya 6.5-7.2 mg/L—“urutonde rw’izahabu”—bishyiraho agahigo gashya mu nganda.
Ivugurura ry'ubwiza bw'inkangu zo mu Bushinwa
Igerageza ryakozwe n'ishyirahamwe ry'abahinzi b'inka zo mu kiyaga cya Yangcheng ryagaragaje ko ibyuzi byagenzuwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa 5-in-1 byatangaga inkwavu zifite ingano nini ku kigero cya 18% n'amanota menshi y'inka zo mu bwoko bwa "roe-full" ku kigero cya 27%. Mu 2023, izi nkwavu "zahinzwe amakuru" zabonye igiciro cya 32% mu cyamunara.
Inzira yo Gushyira mu Bikorwa: Intambwe Eshatu zo Guhindura Kuva ku Gikondo Ujya ku Buhanga
Icyiciro cya 1: Gusuzuma ikibazo (Ibyumweru 1-2)
Shyiramo seti 1-2 z'ibipimo 5 muri 1 mu byuzi bihagarariye ibindi.
Shyiraho amakuru y'ibanze y'ubuziranenge bw'amazi mu minsi 7-14.
Kumenya ibipimo by'ingenzi by'ingaruka no guhindura imiterere.
Icyiciro cya 2: Guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ibanze (amezi 1-2)
Hindura ingamba zo kugaburira no guhumeka kw'umwuka ushingiye ku makuru.
Shyiraho uburyo bwo kuburira abantu ku mubare w'ingenzi.
Guhugura abatekinisiye mu gusobanura amakuru y'ibanze.
Icyiciro cya 3: Imicungire y'ubwenge yuzuye (amezi 3-6)
Shyiraho umuyoboro wuzuye w’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.
Huza hamwe na sisitemu zo kugenzura zikoresha ikoranabuhanga (imashini zitanga umwuka, imashini zitanga amashanyarazi, ipompo).
Shyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gukumira bushingiye ku rugero rw'ibiza.
Ejo hazaza h'inganda: Ibyerekezo bya 2025-2030
Ikoranabuhanga rihuriweho
Uburyo bwo Guhanura Ubuhanga bwa AI: Algoritime zo kwiga mu buryo bwimbitse zizongera igihe cyo kuburira kirenze amasaha 72.
Uburyo bwo gukurikirana amakuru ku miyoboro ya Blockchain: Imiyoboro y'amakuru y'ubuziranenge bw'amazi idahinduka yongera icyizere cy'ibicuruzwa.
Guhuza amakuru ya satelite: Bikubiyemo amakuru y’ibidukikije nk’ubushyuhe bw’amazi na chlorophyll.
Ibikoresho bya politiki
Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi uzashyiramo igenzura rihoraho ry’amazi mu bijyanye n’ibisabwa mu kubungabunga ubworozi bw’amafi butumizwa mu mahanga bitarenze umwaka wa 2025.
Minisiteri y'Ubuhinzi y'Ubushinwa irimo gutegura kataloge y'inkunga y'ibikoresho by'ubworozi bw'amafi bigezweho.
Ibigo byinshi by’imari mpuzamahanga bigaragaza ko sisitemu zo kugenzura zikoresha ubwenge ari imishinga y’ingenzi ku nguzanyo zigenewe ibidukikije.
Kwinjira mu Isoko
Biteganijwe ko ikiguzi cya sensor 5-in-1 kizagabanukaho 15-20% buri mwaka.
Mu mwaka wa 2028, 50% by'ubuhinzi ku isi yose buzakoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu byinshi.
Uburyo bwa Sensor-as-a-Service (SaaS) buzagabanya inzitizi zo gukoresha abahinzi bato.
Ibitekerezo by'impuguke: 'Igihe Gishya cy'Ubuhinzi bw'Amafi mu Ikoranabuhanga'
“Turi kwinjira mu ‘gihe gishya cyo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu bworozi bw’amafi’,” ibi byavuzwe na George Chamberlain, Perezida w’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Ubuhinzi bw’Amafi. “Mu bihe byashize, twakoreshaga amazi dukurikije ubunararibonye. Ubu, ibyuma 5 muri 1 biduha ‘imbonerahamwe nyayo y’ubuziranenge bw’amazi’ hamwe n’‘ibirango by’uburinzi bw’ibanze.’ Ibi si udushya mu ikoranabuhanga gusa ahubwo ni impinduka mu buryo bwo gukora ubworozi bw’amafi.”
Dr. Alisha Chen, Umuhanga Mukuru muri TurtleTree Aqua Lab yo muri Singapuru, yongeyeho ati: “Irushanwa mu myaka itanu iri imbere ntirizaba rireba ubunini bw’amakuru ahubwo rizaba rireba uburyo amakuru akoreshwa neza n’umuvuduko w’uburyo atangwa. Abahinzi bashobora kandi bagatanga ubufasha bunoze bazatsindira isoko n’inyungu.”
Umwanzuro: Impinduka mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo kuva ku "Gutunganya Ubuhinzi" kugera ku "Ubuhinzi bwo gukumira"
Uburyo bwo kugenzura bw’ubwenge, bugaragazwa n’ikimenyetso cya COD cya 5-in-1, bwerekana ihinduka ry’ubworozi bw’amafi kuva ku “kuvura indwara” mu buryo budakora bujya ku “kwirinda ubuzima” mu buryo bufatika. Buri kibazo cyose cy’amazi meza n’ikibazo cyose cy’ubuhinzi cyakumiriwe neza kirimo guhindura ahazaza h’uru rwego rwa kera.
Iyo abahinzi "bashoboye gusobanukirwa" amazi asohoka, ntibaba bakiri "abantu badafite ubwenge" barwana ahubwo baba "abayobozi" bashobora kureba impinduka no kuzigenda neza. Muri iki gihe cy'ibibazo, gucunga neza amakuru birimo kuba igikoresho cyizewe cyane mu buhinzi bw'amafi mu kugabanya ibyago no kwihaza mu biribwa.
Dushobora kandi gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri
1. Igipimo gifata mu ntoki cy'ubwiza bw'amazi gifite ibipimo byinshi
2. Sisitemu yo gukamura amazi mu mazi ikoresha imiterere myinshi
3. Uburoso bwo gusukura bwikora ku buryo bwikora ku buryo bworoshye bw'amazi bukoresha parameter nyinshi
4. Seti yuzuye ya seriveri na porogaramu ya module idafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku byuma bipima,
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