Gukoresha uburyo bwa COD na Turbidity Sensors mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi muri Vietnam

1. Amavu n'amavuko

Vietnam, ikigo cy’ingenzi mu buhinzi n’inganda mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, ihura n’ibibazo bikomeye byo kwandura amazi, cyane cyane kwanduzanya kw’ibikomoka ku bimera (COD) n’ibintu bidafite amazi (urubura) mu migezi, mu biyaga no mu nkengero z’inyanja. Gukurikirana ubuziranenge bw’amazi gakondo bishingiye ku gupima ingero z’amazi muri laboratwari, aho usanga amakuru atinda gutangwa, abakozi bahenda cyane, kandi hagakoreshwa amafaranga make.

Mu 2022, Minisiteri y’Umutungo Kamere n’Ibidukikije ya Vietnam (MONRE) yashyize ibikoresho byinshi byo gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’amazi mu mazi y’ingenzi yo mu karere ka Red River Delta na Mekong Delta, yibanda ku ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni mu binyabutabire (COD) no kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’amazi kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku ihumana ry’amazi mu buryo bwihuse no gukurikirana aho aturuka.

2. Igisubizo cya tekiniki

(1) Ibisobanuro by'ibipimo by'ibipimo n'ibiranga

• Sensor ya COD: Ikoresha spectroscopy ya UV-Vis (nta reagents zikenewe), gupima mu gihe nyacyo (urugero rwa 0-500 mg/L, ± 5% by'ukuri).
• Isuzuma ry'urumuri: Hashingiwe ku ihame ry'urumuri rutandukanye rwa 90° (0-1000 NTU, ± 2% by'ubunyangamugayo), imiterere irwanya ibimera.
• Sisitemu Ihuriweho: Ihuza sensor na LoRa/NB-IoT wireless transmission, yohereza amakuru kuri platforme y'ibicu hamwe n'uburyo bwo guhanura ihumana hakoreshejwe AI.

(2) Ingero z'uko ibikorwa byo kohereza abantu mu mahanga

• Ahantu ho gusohora amazi mu nganda (Bac Ninh, Intara za Dong Nai)
• Inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye zo mu mujyi (Hanoi, Umujyi wa Ho Chi Minh)
• Uduce tw’ubworozi bw’amafi (Mekong Delta)

3. Ingaruka z'ingenzi

(1) Ibimenyesha ku ihumana ry'ibintu mu gihe nyacyo

• Mu 2023, sensor muri Bac Ninh yabonye ukwiyongera gutunguranye kwa COD (kuva kuri 30mg/L kugeza kuri 120mg/L), bituma habaho imenyesha ryikora. Abayobozi basanze aho byaturutse ari uruganda rw’imyenda rwishe amategeko agenga isohoka ry’imyanda, bituma hafatwa ibihano n’ingamba zo kuyikosora.
• Amakuru ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe yafashije kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga ingano y'amazi yo kunywa mu bimera byo kunywa mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyatunganya ho 10%.

(2) Kunoza ubworozi bw'amafi

Mu Ntara ya Ben Tre, imiyoboro y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga yahinduye uburyo bwo guhumeka umwuka kugira ngo igumane ubushyuhe buri munsi ya NTU 20 na COD <15mg/L, byongera igipimo cyo kubaho kw’ifi y’isambaza ku kigero cya 18%.

(3) Isesengura ry'Icyerekezo cy'Igihe Kirekire

Amakuru y’amateka yagaragaje ko igipimo mpuzandengo cya COD (2022-2024) cyagabanutseho 22% mu bice by’uruzi rutukura, byemeza gahunda ya Vietnam yo kurwanya ihumana ry’amazi ya 2021-2030.

4. Imbogamizi n'ibisubizo

5. Gahunda z'ejo hazaza

• Intego ya 2025: Kwagura ahantu ho kugenzura kuva kuri 150 kugeza kuri 500, bigakwirakwira mu bibaya 12 binini by'imigezi.
• Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga: Uburyo bwo kugenzura ikirere hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya "pilot satellite remote sensing" + uburyo bwo guhuza "ground sensor" kugira ngo habeho gukurikirana ihumana ry'ikirere rinini.
• Guhuza Politiki: Gusangiza amakuru mu buryo butaziguye Polisi y'Ibidukikije ya Vietnam kugira ngo ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryihutishwe.

6. Ibintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi

Urubanza rwa Vietnam rugaragaza uburyo sisitemu za COD-turbidity multi-sensor zitanga agaciro gakomeye mu mategeko agenga inganda, umutekano w'amazi yo kunywa, n'ubworozi bw'amafi, bitanga igisubizo gihendutse kandi gifatika ku bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere.

Dushobora kandi gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri

1. Igipimo gifata mu ntoki cy'ubwiza bw'amazi gifite ibipimo byinshi

2. Sisitemu yo gukamura amazi mu mazi ikoresha imiterere myinshi

3. Uburoso bwo gusukura bwikora ku buryo bwikora ku buryo bworoshye bw'amazi bukoresha parameter nyinshi

4. Seti yuzuye ya seriveri na porogaramu ya module idafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN

Kugira ngo ubone ibindi bisobanuro by'amazi amakuru,

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