Gukoresha Imanza za Hydrological Radar Sensors, Imvura Gauges, hamwe na Sensor zo Gusimbuza Imyuzure Yumusozi Kuburira hakiri kare mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya

Aziya yo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba, irangwa n’ikirere cy’imvura gishyuha, ibikorwa by’imvura ikunze kugaragara, hamwe n’imisozi miremire, ni kamwe mu turere dukunze kwibasirwa n’ibiza by’imyuzure ku misozi ku isi. Gukurikirana imvura imwe-imwe yo kugenzura imvura ntikiri ihagije kubikenewe byo kuburira hakiri kare. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gushyiraho uburyo bwogukurikirana no kuburira bihuza umwanya-, ikirere-, hamwe nubutaka bushingiye ku butaka. Intandaro ya sisitemu nk'iyi ikubiyemo: ibyuma bifata ibyuma bya hydrologiya (kugenzura imvura ya macroscopique), gupima imvura (kuri kalibrasi yuzuye yo ku butaka), hamwe na sensor de displacement (kugirango ikurikirane imiterere ya geologiya).

Urubanza rukurikira rwuzuye rusobanura uburyo ubu bwoko butatu bwa sensor bukorera hamwe.

I. Urubanza rwo gusaba: Umushinga wo kuburira hakiri kare imyuzure n’imisozi mu mazi y’ikirwa cya Java, Indoneziya

1. Amavu n'amavuko y'umushinga:
Imidugudu yo mu misozi yo mu kirwa cya Java rwagati ihora yibasiwe n’imvura nyinshi y’imvura, bigatuma habaho imyuzure ikunze kuba mu misozi hamwe n’isenyuka ry’imisozi, ibyo bikaba byangiza ubuzima bw’abaturage, imitungo, n’ibikorwa remezo. Ubuyobozi bw'inzego z'ibanze, ku bufatanye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, bwashyize mu bikorwa umushinga wuzuye wo gukurikirana no kuburira mu kibaya gito cy’akarere.

2. Iboneza rya Sensor ninshingano:

• “Ijisho Ry'ijuru” - Hydrological Radar Sensors (Gukurikirana Umwanya)
  • Uruhare: Iteganyagihe rya Macroscopique hamwe no kugereranya imvura y'amazi.
  • Kohereza: Umuyoboro muto wa X-band cyangwa C-band hydrological radar yoherejwe ahantu hirengeye hakikije amazi. Izi radar zisikana ikirere hejuru y’amazi yose hamwe n’ibisubizo bihanitse bya spatiotemporal (urugero, buri minota 5, 500m × 500m gride), ugereranya ubukana bwimvura, icyerekezo cyihuta, n'umuvuduko.
  • Gusaba:
    • Radar itahura igicu cyimvura nyinshi kigenda cyerekeza kumugezi wo hejuru kandi ikabara ko izatwikira amazi yose mugihe cyiminota 60, hamwe n’ikigereranyo cy’imvura yagereranijwe irenga mm 40 / h. Sisitemu ihita itanga umuburo wo mu rwego rwa 1 (Advisory), imenyesha sitasiyo ikurikirana hamwe nabakozi bashinzwe imiyoborere kugirango bategure kugenzura amakuru no gutabara byihutirwa.
    • Amakuru ya radar atanga ikarita yo gukwirakwiza imvura yikibaya cyose cyamazi, ikagaragaza neza ahantu "hotspot" hamwe n’imvura nyinshi, ibyo bikaba ari uruhare runini muburira neza.
• “Impamvu Yerekana” - Imvura Gauges (Gukurikirana Ingingo-Yihariye)
  • Uruhare: Ikusanyamakuru-ukuri gukusanya amakuru hamwe na radar ya kalibrasi.
  • Kohereza: Ibipimo byinshi by'imvura-indobo byakwirakwijwe hakurya y'amazi, cyane cyane hejuru y’imidugudu, ahantu hirengeye, ndetse no mu turere twa "hotspot". Izi sensororo zandika imvura nyayo-yubutaka hamwe nubusobanuro buhanitse (urugero, 0.2 mm / tip).
  • Gusaba:
    • Iyo radar ya hydrologiya itanga umuburo, sisitemu ihita ikura amakuru yigihe-nyacyo uhereye ku mvura. Niba ibipimo by'imvura byinshi byemeza ko imvura igereranije mumasaha ashize yarenze mm 50 (igipimo cyateganijwe), sisitemu ikomeza kumenyesha kurwego rwa 2 (Iburira).
    • Ibipimo by'imvura bihora byoherezwa muri sisitemu nkuru yo kugereranya no guhinduranya hamwe na radar igereranya, bikomeza kunoza neza imiterere yimvura ya radar no kugabanya gutabaza no kubura gutahura. Ikora nk "ukuri gushingiye" kwemeza imiburo ya radar.
• “Pulse of the Earth” - Sensors de Sensors (Monitoring ya Geologiya)
  • Uruhare: Gukurikirana uko umusozi wifashe ku mvura no kuburira mu buryo butaziguye inkangu.
  • Kohereza: Urukurikirane rw'ibikoresho byo kwimura byashyizwe ku mibiri ishobora gutemba ishobora kugaragara binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwa geologiya mu kibaya cy'amazi, harimo:
    • Borehole Inclinometero: Yashyizwe mu mwobo wo gucukumbura kugira ngo ikurikirane utuntu duto duto two mu butaka bwimbitse n'ubutaka.
    • Ibipimo bya Crack / Wire Extensometero: Yashyizwe hejuru yubuso kugirango ikurikirane impinduka mubugari.
    • GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Sisitemu) Ikurikiranabikorwa: Gukurikirana milimetero-urwego rwimurwa.
  • Gusaba:
    • Mugihe cyimvura nyinshi, ibipimo byimvura byemeza ubukana bwimvura nyinshi. Kuri iki cyiciro, ibyuma byimura bitanga amakuru yingenzi-gutuza kumurongo.
    • Sisitemu itahura umuvuduko utunguranye mubipimo byimuka bivuye kuri inclinometero yimbitse kumusozi ufite ibyago byinshi, iherekejwe no kwaguka kwagutse kuva kuri metero zasenyutse. Ibi byerekana ko amazi yimvura yinjiye mumisozi, hejuru yinyerera harakorwa, kandi inkangu iri hafi.
    • Hashingiwe kuri aya makuru yimurwa-nyayo, sisitemu irenga imiburo ishingiye ku mvura kandi itanga mu buryo butaziguye urwego rwo hejuru rwo ku rwego rwa 3 (Emergency Alert), rumenyesha abatuye mu karere k’akaga binyuze kuri radiyo, SMS, na sirena guhita bahunga.

II. Gufatanya Gukora Kumurongo wa Sensors

1. Icyiciro cyo Kuburira hakiri kare (Imvura-Imvura Yambere Yimvura Yambere): Radar ya Hydrologiya itahura ibicu byimvura nyinshi hejuru yambere, bitanga umuburo hakiri kare.
2. Icyiciro cyo Kwemeza na Escalation Icyiciro (Mugihe cy'imvura): Ibipimo by'imvura byemeza ko imvura yo ku butaka irenze imipaka, ikerekana kandi ikanatanga urwego rwo kuburira.
3. Icyiciro Cyibikorwa Icyiciro (Mbere y’ibiza): Ibyuma bimura ibyimurwa byerekana ibimenyetso bitaziguye by’imihindagurikire y’imisozi, bigatuma habaho impanuka zo ku rwego rwo hejuru ziri hafi, zigura “iminota mike ishize” yo kwimurwa.
4. Calibration hamwe no Kwiga (Muburyo bwose): Amakuru yimvura ikomeza guhinduranya radar, mugihe amakuru yose ya sensor yanditswe kugirango yongere uburyo bwo kuburira ejo hazaza.

III. Incamake n'ibibazo

Ubu buryo bukomatanyije butanga ubufasha bukomeye bwa tekinike mu gukemura imyuzure n’imisozi mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

• Radar ya Hydrologiya ikemura ikibazo, “Imvura nyinshi izabera he?” gutanga umwanya wo kuyobora.
• Ibipimo by'imvura bikemura ikibazo, “Mubyukuri imvura yaguye kangahe?” gutanga amakuru yuzuye.
• Ibyuma bisimburana bikemura ikibazo, “Ubutaka buri hafi kunyerera?” gutanga ibimenyetso bitaziguye byerekana ibiza byegereje.

Inzitizi zirimo:

• Igiciro kinini: Kohereza no gufata neza radar hamwe numuyoboro wuzuye wa sensor birahenze.
• Ingorane zo Kubungabunga: Mu turere twa kure, ubuhehere, n’imisozi, kwemeza amashanyarazi (akenshi bishingiye ku mbaraga zikomoka ku zuba), guhererekanya amakuru (akenshi ukoresha radiyo cyangwa icyogajuru), no gufata neza ibikoresho ni ikibazo gikomeye.
• Kwishyira hamwe kwa tekiniki: Imbaraga zamakuru zikomeye hamwe na algorithms birasabwa guhuza amakuru menshi-kandi bigafasha ibyemezo byihuse, gufata ibyemezo byihuse.
• Byuzuye bya seriveri hamwe na software idafite module, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS / 4g / WIFI / LORA / LORAWANnyamuneka hamagara Honde Technology Co, LTD.

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