Ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gupima amazi, ibipimo by'imvura, n'ibikoresho byo kwimura abantu mu gihe cyo kuburira hakiri kare imyuzure yo mu misozi mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya

Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, irangwa n'ikirere cy'ishyamba ry'inzitane, ibikorwa by'imvura nyinshi, n'imisozi miremire, ni kimwe mu turere twibasirwa cyane n'ibiza by'imyuzure ku isi. Gukurikirana imvura mu buryo busanzwe ntibihagije mu gutanga amakuru y'ibanze. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukurikirana no gutanga amakuru buhuriweho buhuza ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ikirere, ikirere n'ubutaka. Ishingiro ry'uburyo nk'ubwo rikubiyemo: ibikoresho byo kugenzura ikirere (bikoreshwa mu kugenzura imvura), ibikoresho byo gupima imvura (bikoreshwa mu gupima neza urwego rw'ubutaka), n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura aho hantu (bikoreshwa mu kugenzura imiterere y'ubutaka).

Urukurikira rubanza rwuzuye rw'ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo rugaragaza uburyo ubwo bwoko butatu bw'ibipimo bikora hamwe.

I. Icyitonderwa: Umushinga wo kuburira hakiri kare imyuzure yo mu misozi n'inkangu mu gace k'amazi ko ku kirwa cya Java, muri Indoneziya

1. Amavu n'amavuko y'umushinga:
Imidugudu yo mu misozi miremire yo mu kirwa cya Java rwagati ihora yibasirwa n’imvura nyinshi iterwa n’imvura nyinshi ituruka ku mpeshyi, bigatuma habaho imyuzure ikunze kugaragara mu misozi ndetse n’inkangu zijyana na yo, ibi bikaba byabangamira cyane ubuzima bw’abaturage, imitungo yabo, n’ibikorwa remezo. Ubuyobozi bw’akarere, bufatanyije n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, bwashyize mu bikorwa umushinga wo gukurikirana no gutanga umuburo mu gace gato k’amazi ko muri ako karere.

2. Imiterere n'inshingano bya sensor:

• "Ijisho ry'Ijuru" — Ibikoresho byo Gupima Radar y'Amazi (Gukurikirana Ahantu)
  • Uruhare: Guteganya imiterere y'amazi n'isuzuma ry'imvura mu karere k'amazi.
  • Gushyira mu bikorwa: Urusobe rw'amaradiyo mato ya X-band cyangwa C-band yashyizwe ahantu harehare hafi y'ikibaya cy'amazi. Izi radiyo zireba ikirere cyose ku kibaya cy'amazi zifite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza mu gihe cy'ikirere (urugero, buri minota 5, metero 500 × metero 500), zipima ubukana bw'imvura, icyerekezo cy'ingendo, n'umuvuduko.
  • Porogaramu:
    • Radar imenya igicu cy'imvura nyinshi yerekeza ku mugezi wo hejuru, maze ikabara ko izatwikira umugezi wose mu minota 60, aho ubukana bw'imvura bugera ku kigero cya mm 40 ku isaha. Sisitemu itanga umuburo wo ku rwego rwa 1 (Level 1 advisory), ikamenyesha ibiro by'ubugenzuzi ku butaka n'abakozi bashinzwe imicungire y'amazi kwitegura kugenzura amakuru no gutabara mu gihe cy'impanuka.
    • Amakuru ya radar atanga ikarita igena uko imvura ikwirakwira mu gace kose k’amazi, agaragaza neza ahantu hagwa imvura nyinshi cyane, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi mu gutanga inama zijyanye n’igihe.
• "Icyitegererezo cy'ubutaka" — Ibipimo by'imvura (Gukurikirana neza ingingo runaka)
  • Uruhare: Gukusanya amakuru y'ukuri kw'ibanze no gupima amakuru ya radar.
  • Gukoresha: Ibipimo byinshi by'imvura byakwirakwijwe mu mazi, cyane cyane mu nkombe z'imidugudu, mu burebure butandukanye, no mu duce twagaragajwe na radar. Ibi byuma bipima imvura nyayo ku butaka mu buryo bunonosoye cyane (urugero, 0.2 mm/inkombe).
  • Porogaramu:
    • Iyo radar y’amazi itanze umuburo, sisitemu ihita ikura amakuru y’igihe nyacyo aturutse ku bipimo by’imvura. Iyo ibipimo byinshi by’imvura bemeje ko imvura yaguye mu isaha ishize irenze mm 50 (urugero rwagenwe), sisitemu yongera umuburo ikawushyira ku rwego rwa 2 (Umuburo).
    • Amakuru apima imvura ahora yoherezwa muri sisitemu yo hagati kugira ngo agereranywe kandi agenzurwe hamwe n’ibigereranyo bya radar, bigakomeza kunoza uburyo imvura ihinduka mu buryo buboneye kandi bigabanye ibimenyetso by’ibinyoma n’ibitagaragara. Ni "ukuri kw'ibanze" mu kwemeza imiburo ya radar.
• "Umuvuduko w'Isi" — Ibikoresho byo Gupima Ihindagurika ry'Isi (Gukurikirana Ihindagurika ry'Ubutaka)
  • Inshingano: Gukurikirana uko umusozi wifashe mu gihe cy'imvura no kuburira mu buryo butaziguye ku birebana n'inkangu.
  • Gushyira mu bikorwa: Hashyizweho urukurikirane rw'ibikoresho byo kwimura abantu ku bisigazwa by'ubutaka bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye byabonetse binyuze mu bushakashatsi bw'ubutaka buri mu mazi, harimo:
    • Ibikoresho byo gucukura imyobo: Bishyirwa mu myobo yo gucukura kugira ngo bigenzure icyuho gito cy'amabuye n'ubutaka biri munsi y'ubutaka.
    • Ibipimo by'imitako/Ibyuma byo gupima insinga: Bishyirwa ku myenge yo hejuru kugira ngo bikurikirane impinduka mu bugari bw'imitako.
    • Sitasiyo zo kugenzura GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System): Igenzura ihinduka ry'ubuso ku rwego rwa milimetero.
  • Porogaramu:
    • Mu gihe cy'imvura nyinshi, ibipimo by'imvura byemeza ubukana bw'imvura nyinshi. Muri iki cyiciro, ibikoresho byo kugenzura aho amazi anyura bitanga amakuru y'ingenzi cyane—ubudahindagurika bw'aho amazi anyura.
    • Iyi sisitemu imenya ukwihuta gutunguranye mu muvuduko w’ihindagurika ry’ikirere uturutse ku gipimo cy’amazi kiri ku musozi ufite ibyago byinshi, hamwe n’ibipimo bihoraho by’amazi ava ku bipimo by’ubuso bw’amazi. Ibi bigaragaza ko amazi y’imvura yinjiye mu musozi, ahantu hatemba hatangiye kugaragara, kandi ko hagiye gutemba.
    • Hashingiwe kuri aya makuru y’ibizamini byo kwimuka mu gihe nyacyo, sisitemu yirengagiza imiburo ishingiye ku mvura kandi igatanga umuburo wo ku rwego rwo hejuru rwo ku rwego rwa 3 (Emergency Alert), ikamenyesha abaturage bari mu gace kaga hifashishijwe ibiganiro, ubutumwa bugufi, n’amajwi yo kwiruka kugira ngo bahite bava aho hantu.

II. Imikorere y'amasensa ku bufatanye

1. Icyiciro cyo kuburira hakiri kare (Mbere y'imvura kugeza ku imvura y'ibanze): Radar y'amazi ibanza kubona ibicu by'imvura nyinshi hejuru y'amazi, igatanga ububurira hakiri kare.
2. Icyiciro cyo kwemeza no kwiyongera (Mu gihe cy'imvura): Ibipimo by'imvura byemeza ko imvura yo ku butaka irenga urugero rw'imvura, bikagaragaza kandi bigashyira mu mwanya urwego rw'uburinzi.
3. Icyiciro cy’ibikorwa by’ingenzi (Mbere y’ibiza): Utwuma tw’imashini dufasha kwimuka tubona ibimenyetso by’uko imisozi ihindagurika, bigatera ibiza byo ku rwego rwo hejuru, bikagura "iminota mike ya nyuma" ikomeye yo kwimuka.
4. Gupima no Kwiga (Muri gahunda yose): Amakuru apima imvura ahora apima radar, mu gihe amakuru yose apima afatwa kugira ngo anonosore uburyo bwo kuburira n'ibipimo by'uburinzi mu gihe kizaza.

III. Incamake n'imbogamizi

Ubu buryo buhuriweho n'ibice byinshi butanga inkunga ikomeye mu bya tekiniki mu guhangana n'imyuzure yo mu misozi n'inkangu mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya.

• Radar y’amazi isubiza ikibazo, “Ni hehe imvura nyinshi izagwa?” itanga igihe cyo kuyigeza ku rwego rwo hejuru.
• Ibipimo by'imvura bisubiza ikibazo, "Ni imvura ingana iki koko?" bitanga amakuru nyayo y'imibare.
• Ibyuma bikora ibizamini byo kwimuka bisubiza ikibazo kigira kiti “Ese ubutaka buri hafi kunyerera?” bitanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko hari ibiza byiri hafi.

Imbogamizi zirimo:

• Ibiciro Bihanitse: Gushyira no kubungabunga imiyoboro ya radar na sensor zicucitse birahenze.
• Ingorane zo kubungabunga: Mu turere twa kure, dutose kandi turi mu misozi, gutanga amashanyarazi (akenshi ashingiye ku ngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba), kohereza amakuru (akenshi hakoreshejwe umurongo wa radiyo cyangwa icyogajuru), no kubungabunga ibikoresho ni ikibazo gikomeye.
• Guhuza Tekiniki: Hakenewe urubuga rukomeye rw'amakuru na algorithme kugira ngo hahuzwe amakuru menshi kandi hafatwe ibyemezo byihuta kandi byikora.
• Seriveri yuzuye na porogaramu zidafite umugozi, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWANNyamuneka hamagara Honde Technology Co., LTD.

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