Gusaba Imanza za Amoniya Azote, Azote Nitrogen, Azote Yuzuye, na pH 4-muri-1 Sensor muri Philippines

Abanyafilipine, nkigihugu cy’ibirwa, bafite umutungo w’amazi menshi ariko kandi bafite ibibazo bikomeye byo gucunga neza amazi. Iyi ngingo irasobanura ibibazo byerekeranye n’ikoreshwa ry’amazi meza ya 4-muri-1 (kugenzura azote ya amoniya, azote ya nitrate, azote yose, na pH) mu bice bitandukanye byo muri Filipine, harimo kuhira imyaka, ubuhinzi bw’amazi, gutanga amazi mu makomine, guhangana n’ibiza byihutirwa, no kurengera ibidukikije. Dusesenguye ibi bintu byabayeho ku isi, dushobora gusobanukirwa uburyo ubwo buhanga bukomatanyije bufasha Filipine gukemura ibibazo by’imicungire y’amazi, kunoza imikorere, no gutanga amakuru nyayo yo gufata ibyemezo.

Amavu n'amavuko yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi muri Philippines

Nkigihugu cy’ibirwa bigizwe n’ibirwa birenga 7000, Filipine ifite umutungo w’amazi atandukanye, harimo inzuzi, ibiyaga, amazi y’ubutaka, hamwe n’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja. Icyakora, igihugu gifite ibibazo byihariye mu micungire y’amazi. Imijyi yihuse, ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi byimbitse, iterambere ry’inganda, hamwe n’ibiza byibasiwe n’ibiza (nka tifuni n’umwuzure) bibangamira cyane ubwiza bw’amazi. Kuruhande rwibi, ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi nka sensor ya 4-muri-1 (gupima azote ya amoniya, azote ya nitrate, azote yose, na pH) byahindutse ibikoresho byingenzi byo gucunga neza amazi muri Philippines.

Ibibazo by’amazi muri Philippines byerekana itandukaniro ryakarere. Mu bice byibanda cyane ku buhinzi, nka Luzon yo hagati no mu bice bya Mindanao, gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda byatumye urugero rwa azote rwiyongera (cyane cyane azote ya amoniya na azote ya nitrate) mu mazi y’amazi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko igihombo cya ammonia ituruka kuri urea ikoreshwa hejuru yubutaka mu murima wumuceri wa Filipine irashobora kugera ku 10%, bikagabanya imikorere y’ifumbire kandi bikagira uruhare mu kwanduza amazi. Mu mijyi nka Metro Manila, kwanduza ibyuma biremereye (cyane cyane isasu) hamwe no kwanduza mikorobe ni impungenge zikomeye muri gahunda y’amazi ya komini. Mu turere twibasiwe n’ibiza byibasiwe n’umuyaga witwa Haiyan mu Mujyi wa Tacloban, uburyo bwo gutanga amazi bwangiritse bwatumye kwanduza fecal amasoko y’amazi yo kunywa, bitera indwara y’impiswi.

Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwamazi burahura nimbogamizi nyinshi muri Philippines. Isesengura rya laboratoire risaba gukusanya no gutwara muri laboratoire zegeranye, ibyo bikaba bitwara igihe kandi bihenze cyane cyane kubirwa bya kure. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo kugenzura ibipimo bimwe ntibishobora gutanga ibisobanuro byuzuye byubwiza bwamazi, mugihe ukoresheje ibikoresho byinshi icyarimwe byongera sisitemu igoye hamwe nigiciro cyo kubungabunga. Rero, ibyuma bifatanyiriza hamwe bishobora kugenzura ibipimo byinshi byingenzi icyarimwe bifite agaciro kihariye kuri Philippines.

Azote ya Amoniya, azote ya azote, azote yose, na pH ni ibipimo ngenderwaho mu gusuzuma ubuzima bw’amazi. Azote ya Amoniya ikomoka cyane cyane ku masoko y’ubuhinzi, imyanda yo mu ngo, n’amazi mabi y’inganda, hamwe n’ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwangiza ubuzima bw’amazi. Nitrate ya azote, umusaruro wanyuma wa okiside ya azote, itera ingaruka zubuzima nka syndrome yubururu yubururu iyo yinjiye cyane. Azote yuzuye yerekana umutwaro wa azote muri rusange mumazi kandi nikimenyetso cyingenzi mugusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa na eutrophasi. pH, Hagati aho, bigira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yubwoko bwa azote no gukomera kwibyuma biremereye. Mu kirere gishyuha cya Filipine, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwihutisha kubora kama no guhindura azote, bigatuma kugenzura igihe nyacyo ibipimo byingenzi.

Ibyiza bya tekinike ya 4-muri-1 ya sensor biri mubishushanyo mbonera byabo hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukurikirana-igihe. Ugereranije na gakondo imwe-imwe ya sensororo, ibyo bikoresho bitanga icyarimwe icyarimwe kubintu byinshi bifitanye isano, kunoza imikorere yo kugenzura no kwerekana isano iri hagati yibipimo. Kurugero, impinduka za pH zigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buringanire buri hagati ya ioni ya amonium (NH₄⁺) na ammonia yubusa (NH₃) mu mazi, ari nabwo bugena ibyago byo guhindagurika kwa amoniya. Mugukurikirana ibyo bipimo hamwe, hashobora kugerwaho isuzumabumenyi ryuzuye ry’amazi n’ingaruka z’umwanda.

Mu bihe bidasanzwe by’ikirere cya Filipine, ibyuma 4-muri-1 bigomba kwerekana imbaraga z’imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije. Ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe burashobora kugira ingaruka kumyumvire ya sensor hamwe nigihe cyo kubaho, mugihe imvura nyinshi ishobora gutera impinduka zitunguranye zumuvuduko wamazi, bikabangamira ukuri kwa sensor optique. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibyuma 4-muri-1 byoherejwe muri Filipine bisaba indishyi z’ubushyuhe, ibishushanyo mbonera birwanya ibinyabuzima, hamwe no kurwanya ihungabana n’amazi kugira ngo bihangane n’ibidukikije bigoye byo mu turere dushyuha.

Gusaba mu Kuvomera Amazi mu buhinzi

Nkigihugu cy’ubuhinzi, umuceri nicyo gihingwa cy’ibanze cya Philippines, kandi gukoresha ifumbire ya azote ni ingenzi mu gutanga umuceri. Gukoresha ibyuma 4-muri-1 byerekana amazi meza muri sisitemu yo kuhira ya Filipine bitanga ubufasha bukomeye bwa tekiniki yo gufumbira neza no kurwanya umwanda uturuka ku ngingo. Mugukurikirana azote ya ammonia, azote ya nitrate, azote yose, na pH mumazi yo kuhira mugihe nyacyo, abahinzi nabatekinisiye bashinzwe ubuhinzi barashobora gucunga ifumbire mvaruganda cyane, kugabanya igihombo cya azote, no gukumira amazi y’ubuhinzi kwanduza amazi y’amazi akikije.

Umuceri wo mu murima wa azote no kuzamura ifumbire mvaruganda

Mu kirere gishyuha cya Filipine, urea ni ifumbire ya azote ikoreshwa cyane mu murima w'umuceri. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko igihombo cya ammonia ituruka kuri urea ikoreshwa hejuru yumurima wumuceri wa Filipine irashobora kugera kuri 10%, bifitanye isano rya hafi n’amazi yo kuhira pH. Iyo pH yumuceri wumurima wazamutse hejuru ya 9 kubera ibikorwa bya algal, guhindagurika kwa ammonia bihinduka inzira ikomeye yo gutakaza azote, ndetse no mubutaka bwa aside. Rukuruzi ya 4-muri-1 ifasha abahinzi kumenya igihe cyiza cyo gusama nuburyo bukurikiranwa na pH na ammonia azote mugihe nyacyo.

Abashakashatsi mu buhinzi bo muri Filipine bakoresheje ibyuma 4-muri-1 kugira ngo bateze imbere "ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku mazi ryimbitse" mu ifumbire ya azote. Ubu buhanga butezimbere cyane gukoresha azote ukoresheje siyanse igenzura siyanse yubuzima bwamazi nuburyo bwo gusama. Intambwe zingenzi zirimo: guhagarika kuhira iminsi mike mbere yo gusama kugirango ubutaka bwumuke buke, ushyire urea hejuru, hanyuma uvomerera byoroheje kugirango ufashe azote kwinjira mubutaka. Amakuru ya Sensor yerekana ko ubwo buhanga bushobora gutanga 60% ya azote ya urea mu butaka, bikagabanya igihombo cya gaze n’amazi mu gihe byongera ingufu za azote ku kigero cya 15-20%.

Ibigeragezo byo mu murima muri Luzon yo hagati ukoresheje 4-muri-1 byerekana imbaraga za azote muburyo butandukanye bwo gusama. Mugukoresha ubuso bwa gakondo, sensor zanditseho umuvuduko ukabije muri azote ya amoniya nyuma yiminsi 3-5 nyuma yo gusama, hanyuma bikagabanuka vuba. Ibinyuranye, gushyira byimbitse byatumye azote irekura buhoro buhoro kandi ndende. pH amakuru yerekanaga kandi ihindagurika rito mumazi pH hamwe no gushyira byimbitse, bigabanya ingaruka ziterwa na ammonia. Ibyavuye mu gihe nyacyo byatanze ubuyobozi bwa siyanse yo gukoresha uburyo bwo gusama.

Kuvomerera Amazi Yanduye

Uturere twinshi tw’ubuhinzi muri Filipine duhura n’ingutu zikomeye ziterwa n’umwanda, cyane cyane umwanda wa azote uva mu murima w’umuceri. Ibyuma 4-muri-1 byashyizwe mu mwobo w’amazi no kwakira amazi bihora bikurikirana itandukaniro rya azote kugirango harebwe ingaruka z’ibidukikije by’ubuhinzi butandukanye. Mu mushinga wo gukurikirana mu Ntara ya Bulacan, imiyoboro ya sensor yerekana amajwi 40-60% yuzuye ya azote yuzuye mu kuhira imyaka mu gihe cy’imvura ugereranije n’igihe cyizuba. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byamenyesheje ingamba zo gucunga intungamubiri.

Ibyuma 4-muri-1 nabyo byagize uruhare runini mumishinga yubumenyi bwabaturage mu cyaro cya Filipine. Mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe i Barbaza, Intara ya Antique, abashakashatsi bafatanije n’abahinzi baho gusuzuma ubwiza bw’amazi aturuka ahantu hatandukanye bakoresheje ibyuma byifashishwa 4-muri-1. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko mu gihe amazi meza yujuje pH hamwe n’ibipimo byose byashonze, hamenyekanye umwanda wa azote (cyane cyane azote ya nitrate), bifitanye isano n’uburyo bwo gusama hafi. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byatumye abaturage bahindura igihe cy’ifumbire n’ibiciro, bigabanya ingaruka z’umwanda w’ubutaka.

* Imbonerahamwe: Kugereranya 4-muri-1 Sensor Porogaramu muri sisitemu zitandukanye zubuhinzi bwa Filipine

Turashobora kandi gutanga ibisubizo bitandukanye kuri
1. Imashini ifata ubuziranenge bwamazi menshi
2. Kureremba Buoy sisitemu yubwiza bwamazi menshi
3. Gusukura byikora byikora kuri sensor nyinshi yamazi
4. Urutonde rwuzuye rwa seriveri hamwe na software idafite module, ishyigikira RS485 GPRS / 4g / WIFI / LORA / LORAWAN

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