Inyigo y'ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo by'umwuka wa ogisijeni byashongeshejwe mu gutanga umwuka mwiza

I. Inkomoko y'umushinga: Imbogamizi n'amahirwe yo mu buhinzi bw'amafi bwo muri Indoneziya

Indoneziya ni yo ya kabiri ku isi mu buhinzi bw’amafi, kandi uru ruganda ni inkingi ikomeye y’ubukungu bw’igihugu n’umutekano w’ibiribwa. Ariko, uburyo gakondo bwo guhinga, cyane cyane ubuhinzi bukoresha imbaraga nyinshi, buhura n’imbogamizi zikomeye:

• Ingaruka zo kubura umwuka uhagije: Mu byuzi bifite ubucucike bwinshi bw’amafi, guhumeka kw’amafi no kubora kw’ibintu bikomoka ku bimera bitwara umwuka mwinshi wa ogisijeni. Ogisijeni idahagije ishongeshejwe (DO) ituma amafi akura buhoro buhoro, kugabanuka k’ubushake bwo kurya, kwiyongera k’umuvuduko, kandi bishobora gutera kubura umwuka no gupfa ku rugero runini, bigatera igihombo gikomeye mu bukungu bw’abahinzi.
• Ibiciro by'ingufu byinshi: Imashini zikoresha umwuka gakondo akenshi zikoresha moteri za mazutu cyangwa amashanyarazi kandi zigakenera gukoreshwa n'intoki. Kugira ngo hirindwe kubura umwuka nijoro, abahinzi bakunze gukoresha imashini zikoresha umwuka igihe kirekire, bigatuma amashanyarazi menshi cyangwa mazutu bikoreshwa cyane ndetse bigatuma ikiguzi cyo gukora kizamuka cyane.
• Uburyo bwo Kugenzura Cyane: Kwishingikiriza ku bunararibonye bwo gupima urugero rwa ogisijeni mu mazi—nk'uko ureba niba amafi “arimo guhumeka” hejuru y'amazi—ntabwo ari ukuri na gato. Mu gihe cyo kugaragara ko amafi ahumeka, aba yamaze guhangayika cyane, kandi gutangira umwuka muri iki gihe akenshi biba byatinze.

Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, sisitemu zo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya Internet of Things (IoT) ziri gutezwa imbere muri Indoneziya, aho sensor ya ogisijeni yashongeshejwe igira uruhare runini.

II. Inyigo yimbitse y'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga

Aho biherereye: Amasambu y’inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa tilapia cyangwa shrimp ari hagati kugeza ku manini mu turere two ku nkombe no mu birwa byo hanze ya Java (urugero: Sumatra, Kalimantan).

Umuti wa tekiniki: Gushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu zo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi zihujwe n'ibikoresho by'umwuka wa ogisijeni washongeshejwe.

1. Sensor ya Ogisijeni Yashongeshejwe – “Urugingo Rushobora Gusobanukirwa” rw'Urugingo

• Ikoranabuhanga n'Imikorere: Ikoresha ibikoresho bipima urumuri bishingiye kuri fluorescence. Iri hame rikubiyemo urwego rw'irangi ry'urumuri ku mutwe w'icyuma gipima urumuri. Iyo gishyushye n'urumuri rw'uburebure runaka, irahinduka. Ingano ya ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu mazi igabanya ubukana n'igihe cy'urumuri. Mu gupima iri hinduka, ingano ya DO ibarwa neza.
• Ibyiza (ugereranije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe by'amashanyarazi):
  • Nta kubungabunga: Nta mpamvu yo gusimbuza electrolytes cyangwa membranes; igihe cyo gupima ni kirekire, bisaba ko hadakorwa byinshi.
  • Ubudahangarwa Bukomeye ku Kubangamira: Ntishobora kwangizwa n'umuvuduko w'amazi, hydrogen sulfide, n'ibindi binyabutabire, bigatuma iba nziza cyane ku bidukikije bigoye by'ibidendezi.
  • Uburinganire bwo hejuru no gusubiza vuba: Itanga amakuru ahoraho, nyayo kandi atangwa mu gihe nyacyo.

2. Guhuza sisitemu n'imikorere yayo

• Gushakisha amakuru: Sensoreri ya DO ishyirwa burundu ku bujyakuzimu bw'ingenzi mu kidendezi (akenshi mu gace kari kure y'icyuma gihumeka cyangwa mu gice cyo hagati cy'amazi, aho DO isanzwe ari yo iri hasi cyane), ikurikirana agaciro ka DO amasaha 24/7.
• Kohereza amakuru: Sensor yohereza amakuru ikoresheje insinga cyangwa mu buryo butaziguye (urugero: LoRaWAN, umuyoboro wa telefoni zigendanwa) ku cyuma gikoresha ingufu z'izuba/irembo ku nkengero z'ikidendezi.
• Isesengura ry'amakuru n'igenzura ry'ubwenge: Irembo ririmo umugenzuzi wateguwe mbere ufite imipaka yo hejuru n'iyo hasi ya DO (urugero, tangira umwuka kuri 4 mg/L, hagarara kuri 6 mg/L).
• Gukora mu buryo bwikora: Iyo amakuru ya DO mu gihe nyacyo ari munsi y’umupaka wo hasi washyizweho, umugenzuzi ahita akora aerator. Azimya aerator iyo DO imaze gusubira ku rwego rwo hejuru rufite umutekano. Igikorwa cyose ntigisaba intoki.
• Gukurikirana kure: Amakuru yose ashyirwa icyarimwe ku rubuga rw'ibicu. Abahinzi bashobora gukurikirana bari kure uko DO ihagaze n'amateka ya buri cyuzi mu buryo bufatika bakoresheje porogaramu igendanwa cyangwa dashboard ya mudasobwa kandi bakakira ubutumwa bugufi bw'amakuru ku bijyanye n'ikirere cya ogisijeni nke.

III. Ibisubizo by'ikoreshwa n'agaciro kabyo

Gukoresha iri koranabuhanga byazanye impinduka zikomeye ku bahinzi bo muri Indoneziya:

1. Impfu zagabanutse cyane, umusaruro wiyongera n'ubwiza:
   • Gukurikirana neza amasaha 24/7 birinda burundu ingaruka z’uburozi bukabije buterwa n’amasaha ya nijoro cyangwa impinduka zitunguranye z’ikirere (urugero: ubushyuhe bukabije, nyuma ya saa sita zituje), bigabanya cyane impfu z’amafi.
   • Imiterere ihamye y’amafi igabanya stress y’amafi, ikongera igipimo cyo guhindura ibiryo (FCR), itera imbere vuba kandi neza, kandi amaherezo yongera umusaruro n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa.
2. Amafaranga menshi yo kuzigama ku ngufu n'ibiciro by'imikorere:
   • Bihindura imikorere kuva kuri "aeration 24/7" kugeza kuri "aeration iyo bikenewe", bigabanya igihe cyo gukoresha aerator ho 50%-70%.
   • Ibi bituma ikiguzi cy’amashanyarazi cyangwa mazutu kigabanuka cyane, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy’umusaruro muri rusange kandi bikongera inyungu ku ishoramari (ROI).
3. Ifasha mu gucunga neza no mu buryo bw'ubwenge:
   • Abahinzi barekurwa ku murimo usaba imbaraga nyinshi kandi udakwiye wo kugenzura ibidendezi by'amazi buri gihe, cyane cyane nijoro.
   • Ibyemezo bishingiye ku makuru bifasha gushyiraho gahunda ya siyansi yo kugaburira, imiti, no guhanahana amazi, bigatuma habaho impinduka igezweho kuva ku "buhinzi bushingiye ku bunararibonye" kugera ku "buhinzi bushingiye ku makuru."
4. Kongera ubushobozi bwo gucunga ingaruka:
   • Ibimenyesha abahinzi kuri telefoni bihita bihita bimenya ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bagasubiza mu buryo bwihuse, ndetse no mu gihe batari aho bakorera, bikongera ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana n’ingaruka zitunguranye.

IV. Imbogamizi n'icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

• Imbogamizi:
  • Igiciro cy’ishoramari rya mbere: Igiciro cy’ibanze cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho byikora kiracyari imbogamizi ikomeye ku bahinzi bato ku giti cyabo.
  • Amahugurwa ya Tekiniki no Gutanga Ubuvuzi: Guhugura abahinzi gakondo guhindura imikorere ya kera no kwiga gukoresha no kubungabunga ibikoresho ni ngombwa.
  • Ibikorwa remezo: Ingufu zihamye n'uburyo umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukwirakwira mu birwa bya kure ni ngombwa kugira ngo sisitemu ikore neza.
• Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza:
  • Biteganijwe ko ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho kizakomeza kugabanuka uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda rikura n'ubukungu bugera ku ntego.
  • Inkunga na gahunda zo kwamamaza ibikorwa bya leta n'imiryango itegamiye kuri leta bizihutisha ikoreshwa ry'iri koranabuhanga.
  • Sisitemu z'ejo hazaza ntizizahuza DO gusa ahubwo zizahuza na pH, ubushyuhe, ammonia, turbidity, n'ibindi bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bitume habaho "IoT yo munsi y'amazi" ku byuzi. Algorithm z'ubwenge bw'ubukorano zizatuma habaho imicungire yuzuye kandi y'ubwenge y'uburyo bwose bwo korora amafi.

Umwanzuro

Gukoresha ibikoresho by’ubuhanga bwo gupima umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bworozi bw’amafi bwo muri Indoneziya ni inkuru y’intsinzi ikomeye. Binyuze mu igenzura ry’amakuru neza no kugenzura neza, bikemura neza ibibazo by’ingenzi by’inganda: ibyago byo kubura umwuka uhagije n’ikiguzi cy’ingufu nyinshi. Iri koranabuhanga ntirigaragaza gusa iterambere ry’ibikoresho ahubwo rigaragaza impinduka mu mikorere y’ubuhinzi, rigatuma inganda zo muri Indoneziya n’iz’isi yose zikora mu buryo buhoraho zigana ahazaza heza, harambye kandi hafite ubwenge.