Bitewe n’uko gahunda yo kuzamura imijyi ku isi ikomeje kwihutishwa, uburyo bwo kugera ku micungire myiza y’imijyi bwabaye ikintu cy’ingenzi kuri za guverinoma z’ibihugu bitandukanye. Vuba aha, Beijing yatangaje ko izashyiraho sitasiyo z’ubumenyi bw’ikirere ku rwego runini mu mujyi wose. Iki gikorwa kigaragaza intambwe ikomeye Beijing iteye mu kubaka umujyi w’ubwenge no kunoza urwego rw’ubuyobozi bw’umujyi.
Sitasiyo y'ikirere y'ubwenge: "Ubwonko bw'ikirere" bw'imijyi y'ubwenge
Sitasiyo y’ikirere ifite ubwenge ni igice cy’ingenzi mu bwubatsi bw’umujyi w’ubwenge. Izi sitasiyo z’ikirere zifite ibikoresho bigezweho kandi zishobora gukurikirana ibipimo bitandukanye by’ikirere mu mijyi mu gihe nyacyo, harimo ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’umuyaga, icyerekezo cy’umuyaga, umuvuduko w’ikirere, imvura, igipimo cya ultraviolet n’ibipimo by’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka (nka PM2.5, PM10, dioxyde sulfur, oxyde azote, nibindi). Aya makuru yoherezwa mu gihe nyacyo ku rubuga rw’imicungire y’imijyi binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya Internet of Things. Nyuma yo gusesengura no gutunganya, atanga amakuru nyayo yerekeye ikirere n’ibidukikije ku bayobozi b’imijyi.
"Ijisho ry'ubwenge" ku buyobozi bw'umujyi bunonosoye
Gukoresha sitasiyo z’ikirere zifite ubwenge bitanga inkunga ikomeye y’amakuru mu micungire inoze y’imijyi:
Gutanga amakuru mbere y'igihe ku ibiza no kwita ku bibazo byihutirwa:
Mu gukurikirana amakuru y’ikirere mu gihe nyacyo, ibigo by’iteganyagihe bifite ubwenge bishobora gutanga umuburo hakiri kare ku bibazo bikomeye by’ikirere nk’imvura nyinshi, urubura rwinshi, inkubi z’umuyaga n’imiraba y’ubushyuhe. Abayobozi b’imijyi bashobora guhita bashyiraho gahunda zo gutabara mu gihe cy’impanuka bashingiye ku makuru y’umuburo hakiri kare, gutegura uburyo bwo kwimura abakozi, gutanga ibikoresho no gutabara no gufasha mu ibiza, no kugabanya ku buryo bufatika igihombo cyatewe n’ibiza.
2. Imicungire y'Ubuziranenge bw'Umucyo no Kurwanya Ihumana:
Ibigo by’iteganyagihe bifite ubwenge bishobora gukurikirana ibipimo by’ubuziranenge bw’ikirere mu gihe nyacyo, bigatanga ubufasha mu micungire y’ubuziranenge bw’ikirere mu mijyi no kugenzura ihumana ry’ikirere. Urugero, iyo ubwinshi bwa PM2.5 burenze urugero, sisitemu izahita itanga integuza kandi igatanga isesengura ry’aho umwanda uturuka n’ibitekerezo byo kuwuvura kugira ngo bifashe ishami rishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije gufata ingamba zifatika zo kunoza ubuziranenge bw’umwuka.
3. Ubwikorezi mu mijyi n'umutekano rusange:
Amakuru yerekeye ikirere afite ingaruka zikomeye ku micungire y'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu mu mijyi. Amakuru yerekeye ikirere atangwa n'ibigo by'iteganyagihe bifite ubwenge ashobora gufasha amashami ashinzwe imicungire y'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu mu guhanura impinduka mu migendekere y'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu, kunoza uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso by'urujya n'uruza, no kugabanya impanuka zo mu muhanda. Byongeye kandi, amakuru yerekeye ikirere ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gucunga umutekano w'abaturage. Urugero, mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiburo y'ubushyuhe bwinshi ishobora gutangwa ku gihe kugira ngo bibutse abaturage gufata ingamba zo kwirinda ubushyuhe no kugumana ubukonje.
4. Igenamigambi n'Ubwubatsi bw'Imijyi:
Gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru y’iteganyagihe mu gihe kirekire bishobora gutanga ishingiro rya siyansi mu igenamigambi n’ubwubatsi bw’imijyi. Urugero, mu gusesengura ingaruka z’ubushyuhe bw’imijyi, ishami rishinzwe igenamigambi rishobora gutegura ahantu hafite ibidukikije n’amazi kugira ngo harusheho kuba heza mu miterere y’ikirere. Byongeye kandi, amakuru y’iteganyagihe ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’uburyo inyubako zimererwa neza, bigaha ubuyobozi igishushanyo mbonera n’ubwubatsi bw’inyubako zidafite ibidukikije.
Imanza zo gusaba ubufasha n'inyungu z'ubukungu
Ibigo by’iteganyagihe byashyizwe mu turere twinshi tw’imijyi i Beijing, mu Bushinwa, kandi ingaruka zikomeye zagezweho. Urugero, mu gihe cy’umuburo w’imvura nyinshi, ikigo cy’iteganyagihe cyatanze amakuru y’umuburo amasaha 12 mbere y’uko bitangira. Abayobozi b’imijyi bahise bategura akazi ko kuyobora imiyoboro y’amazi n’inzira zo mu muhanda, birinda neza imyuzure yo mu mijyi no guhagarara kw’imodoka. Byongeye kandi, mu bijyanye no kunoza imiterere y’ikirere, inkunga y’amakuru yatanzwe n’ibigo by’iteganyagihe byafashije amashami ashinzwe kurengera ibidukikije kubona neza aho umwanda uturuka no gufata ingamba zifatika, bigatuma ubwiza bw’umwuka buzamuka cyane.
Dukurikije ibipimo by’ibanze, gukoresha sitasiyo z’iteganyagihe zikoresha ubwenge bishobora kuzigama miliyoni amagana z’amayuan yo mu mujyi wa Beijing buri mwaka, harimo kugabanya igihombo cyatewe n’ibiza, kugabanya ikiguzi cy’umubyigano w’imodoka, no kunoza imiterere y’ikirere. Hagati aho, sitasiyo z’iteganyagihe zikoresha ubwenge ziha abatuye mu mijyi ibidukikije bitekanye kandi birushijeho kuba byiza.
Kurengera ibidukikije n'iterambere rirambye
Gukoresha sitasiyo z’ikirere zikoresha ubwenge ntibifasha gusa kunoza urwego rw’imicungire y’imijyi, ahubwo binagira akamaro mu kurengera ibidukikije no mu iterambere rirambye. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza ikirere n’ibidukikije, abayobozi b’imijyi bashobora gufata ingamba zinoze zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no kunoza ibidukikije mu mijyi. Byongeye kandi, sitasiyo z’ikirere zikoresha ubwenge zishobora no gukoreshwa mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije mu mijyi, kuyobora ibidukikije mu mijyi no mu micungire y’umutungo kamere w’amazi, no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’imijyi.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Hamwe no gukoresha sitasiyo z’ikirere zikoresha ubwenge, kubaka imijyi ikoresha ubwenge bizinjira mu cyiciro gishya. Beijing irateganya kwagura uburyo bwo gushyiramo sitasiyo z’ikirere zikoresha ubwenge mu myaka iri imbere no kuzihuza cyane n’izindi gahunda zo gucunga imijyi ikoresha ubwenge (nk’ubwikorezi bw’ubwenge, umutekano w’ubwenge, no kurengera ibidukikije by’ubwenge, nibindi) kugira ngo hubakwe urusobe rw’ibidukikije rwuzuye rw’imijyi ikoresha ubwenge.
Igisubizo cy'abaturage
Abaturage benshi bagaragaje ikaze ku ikoreshwa rya sitasiyo y’ikirere y’ubwenge. Umuturage utuye mu Karere ka Chaoyang yagize ati mu kiganiro yagize ati: “Ubu dushobora kugenzura amakuru y’ikirere n’ubwiza bw’ikirere mu buryo bwihuse binyuze muri porogaramu ya telefoni igendanwa, ifasha cyane mu ngendo zacu za buri munsi no mu buzima bwacu.”
Undi muturage yagize ati: “Gukoresha sitasiyo y’ikirere y’ubwenge byatumye umujyi wacu urushaho kugira umutekano no koroherwa.” Hari icyizere ko hazabaho indi mishinga nk’iyi y’ubwenge mu gihe kizaza.
Umwanzuro
Gushyira ahagaragara sitasiyo z’ubumenyi bw’ikirere bigaragaza intambwe ikomeye itewe na Beijing mu kubaka umujyi w’ubwenge. Hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga no kwiyongera kw’ikoreshwa ryawo, imijyi y’ubwenge izarushaho gukora neza, irangwa n’ubwenge kandi irambye. Ibi ntibizafasha gusa kunoza urwego rw’imicungire y’imijyi, ahubwo bizanaha abaturage ibidukikije birangwa n’umutekano kandi binoze, kandi bitange ubunararibonye bw’agaciro n’icyitegererezo ku iterambere ry’imijyi ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Mata-2025