Incamake y'ibicuruzwa
Imashini ipima ubutaka ya 8 muri 1 ni itsinda ry’ibipimo by’ibidukikije mu bikoresho by’ubuhinzi by’ubwenge, igenzura ry’ubushyuhe bw’ubutaka mu buryo nyabwo, ubushuhe, ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu (agaciro ka EC), agaciro ka pH, azote (N), fosifore (P), potasiyumu (K), umunyu n’ibindi bimenyetso by’ingenzi, ikwiriye ubuhinzi bw’ubwenge, gutera neza, kugenzura ibidukikije n’ibindi. Imiterere yayo ihuriweho cyane ikemura ibibazo bya sensor imwe isanzwe isaba ko hashyirwaho ibikoresho byinshi kandi igabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kubona amakuru.
Ibisobanuro birambuye ku mahame ya tekiniki n'ibipimo
Ubushuhe bw'ubutaka
Ihame: Hashingiwe ku buryo bwa dielectric constant (ikoranabuhanga rya FDR/TDR), ingano y'amazi ibarwa hakurikijwe umuvuduko w'imiraba ya electromagnetic mu butaka.
Ingano: 0~100% Ubunini bw'amazi (VWC), ubuziranenge ±3%.
Ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka
Ihame: Thermistor ifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho cyangwa chip y'ubushyuhe bw'ikoranabuhanga (nka DS18B20).
Intera: -40℃ ~ 80℃, ubuziranenge ± 0.5℃.
Ubushobozi bw'amashanyarazi (agaciro ka EC)
Ihame: Uburyo bwa electrode ebyiri bupima ingano ya iyoni mu gisubizo cy'ubutaka kugira ngo bugaragaze umunyu n'intungamubiri birimo.
Intera: 0~20 mS/cm, ubushobozi bwo gupima 0.01 mS/cm.
agaciro ka pH
Ihame: Uburyo bwa electrode y'ikirahure bwo kumenya pH y'ubutaka.
Ingano: pH 3 ~ 9, ubuziranenge ± 0.2pH.
Azote, fosifore na potasiyumu (NPK)
Ihame: Ikoranabuhanga rya Spectral reflection cyangwa electrode selective ion (ISE), rishingiye ku bunini bw'urumuri cyangwa ingano ya ion kugira ngo harebwe ibikubiye mu ntungamubiri.
Ingano: N (0-500 ppm), P (0-200 ppm), K (0-1000 ppm).
umunyu
Ihame: Bipimirwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa EC cyangwa sensor yihariye y'umunyu.
Intera: 0 kugeza 10 dS/m2 (ishobora guhindurwa).
Inyungu y'ibanze
Guhuza ibikoresho byinshi: Igikoresho kimwe gisimbura sensor nyinshi, bigabanya ubukana bw'insinga n'amafaranga yo kuzisana.
Ubuhanga bwo hejuru n'ubudahangarwa: Uburinzi bw'urwego rw'inganda (IP68), electrode irwanya ingese, ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gihe kirekire.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ingufu nke: Gishyigikira ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, hamwe na transmission ya LoRa/NB-IoT idakoresha umugozi, iramba imyaka irenga 2.
Isesengura ry’amakuru ajyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’ibicu: Rifasha abantu kubona amakuru ajyanye n’ikirere, rishobora guhuza amakuru ajyanye n’iteganyagihe kugira ngo ritange inama zo kuhira/gufumbira.
Urubanza rusanzwe rwo gusaba
Ikibazo cya 1: Kuhira mu buryo bugezweho mu mirima
Aho byabereye: Ahantu hanini ho gutera ingano.
Porogaramu:
Utwuma dupima ubushuhe n'umunyu mu butaka mu gihe nyacyo, kandi tugatangira uburyo bwo kuhira amazi mu buryo bwikora kandi tugasaba ifumbire iyo ubushuhe buri munsi y'urugero (nk'urugero 25%) kandi umunyu uri hejuru cyane.
Ibisubizo: Kuzigama amazi 30%, umusaruro wiyongeraho 15%, ikibazo cyo kongera umunyu cyagabanutse.
Ikibazo cya 2: Guhuza amazi n'ifumbire mvaruganda mu bidukikije
Aho ibintu bibera: Urusobe rw'ubuhinzi bw'inyanya rudakoresha ubutaka.
Porogaramu:
Binyuze mu gupima agaciro ka EC n'amakuru ya NPK, igipimo cy'umuti w'intungamubiri cyagenzuwe mu buryo buhamye, kandi imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje byanogejwe hamwe no kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ubukonje.
Ibisubizo: Igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ifumbire cyariyongereyeho 40%, isukari y'imbuto yariyongereyeho 20%.
Ikibazo cya 3: Kubungabunga ibidukikije mu buryo bw'ubwenge
Aho ibintu bibera: Ubusitani bwa pariki y'umujyi n'ibiti.
Porogaramu:
Genzura pH y'ubutaka n'intungamubiri kandi uhuze uburyo bwo kunyunyuza kugira ngo wirinde kubora kw'imizi guterwa no kuhira cyane.
Ibisubizo: Ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga amashyamba cyagabanutseho 25%, kandi igipimo cyo kubaho kw'ibimera ni 98%.
Ingingo ya 4: Gukurikirana ihinduka ry'ubutayu
Aho ibintu bibera: Umushinga wo gusana ibidukikije mu gace k'uburengerazuba bw'amajyaruguru y'Ubushinwa.
Porogaramu:
Impinduka z’ubushuhe n’umunyu mu butaka zakurikiranwe igihe kirekire, ingaruka z’ibimera mu gufata umucanga zarasuzumwe, kandi ingamba zo kongera gutera ibiti zarayobowe.
Amakuru: Ibipimo by’ubutaka byiyongereye kuva kuri 0.3% kugera kuri 1.2% mu myaka 3.
Inama ku bijyanye no gushyiraho no gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa
Ubujyakuzimu bwo gushyiraho: Byahinduwe hakurikijwe uko imizi y'ibihingwa ikwirakwira (nk'urugero: 10 ~ 20cm ku mboga z'imizi migufi, 30 ~ 50cm ku biti by'imbuto).
Kubungabunga uburyo bwo gupima: Ibipimo bya pH/EC bigomba gupimwa n'amazi asanzwe buri kwezi; Sukura electrodes buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza.
Urubuga rw'amakuru: Birasabwa gukoresha Alibaba Cloud IoT cyangwa urubuga rwa ThingsBoard kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwo kwerekana amakuru hakoreshejwe node nyinshi.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Iteganyagihe ry’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhanga: Huza imashini zikoresha uburyo bwo kwigisha kugira ngo umenye ingaruka zo kwangirika k’ubutaka cyangwa uruziga rw’ifumbire y’ibihingwa.
Uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibiti bikomoka ku bimera: Amakuru ajyanye n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ahujwe kugira ngo atange ishingiro ryizewe ryo kwemeza umusaruro w'ubuhinzi bushingiye ku bimera.
Ubuyobozi bw'ibyo guhaha
Abakoresha ubuhinzi: Hitamo cyane sensari ikomeye irwanya ingaruka mbi za EC/pH hamwe na porogaramu isesengura amakuru yo mu gace runaka.
Inzego z'ubushakashatsi: Hitamo moderi zikora neza cyane zishyigikira imiyoboro ya RS485/SDI-12 kandi zijyanye n'ibikoresho bya laboratwari.
Binyuze mu guhuza amakuru mu buryo butandukanye, icyuma gipima ubutaka cya 8-in-1 kirimo guhindura uburyo bwo gufata ibyemezo mu micungire y'ubuhinzi n'ibidukikije, kikaba "icyuma gipima ubutaka" cy'ikoranabuhanga mu bijyanye n'ubuhinzi n'ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-10-2025